Law and order – have always preserved the world from total chaos. From the dawn of the civilization special rules, which were later developed into laws were created to regulate the relations between different individuals within the state. This is the only way to keep things in the society under the control. Nowadays, it is impossible to imagine the world without jurisdiction, modern criminalistics and forensic science and other essential bodies that control order and justice within the country.
As a result specific correctional institutions were created. There are two main types – jails and prisons. The only difference between them is that jails are short time facilities (before trial) whilst on the other hand prisons are for long term correctional purposes (after trial). There are different types of prisons, each has a devoted purpose: minimum security, low security, medium security, high security, correctional complexes, administrative satellite prison camps, federal satellite low security, secure female facility.
Both jails and prisons have their own cultures and subcultures. Speaking of the prisons – subculture is referred to a group of people that share the same belief. Furthermore, prison and jail subcultures are connected with inmate codes, and the process of accepting prison customs is prisonization. Eventually, subculture is directly connected with two terms: inmate and convict. The first one is derisive, no one wants to be an inmate. On the other hand convict is considered to be defiant, authoritative.
Jails play an important role in criminal justice system because of different factors. First of all it keeps the offenders away from publics, moreover, they are given the chance to make themselves corrected. It also stands out as an example, lesson for public.
We can’t but mention the community based correlation programs. They are rather new, appeared in 80s 90s of the previous century, however, they have proved to be efficient. There are many ways of community correlation programs, in fact, with the advancement of computer technologies these programs have moved far away from initial parole and probation. Home confinement, day fine programs, check-in programs and many others have taken the community based programs to the whole new level and have positive results.
Violence in prisons and jails is a general occurrence. Many reasons might lead to violence, however, the most frequent ones are on the subcultural, race basis. As a result – riots might occur with casualties.
Finally, jails and prisons play a vital and key role in criminalistics and jurisdiction, they have two main purposes – to protect the society from the offenders and at the same time to give a chance to learn your mistakes and become a better person.
Works Cited
"BOP: Prison Types & General Information ." BOP: Federal Bureau of Prisons Web Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 July 2013. <http://www.bop.gov/locations/institutions/>.
