The demographic profile indicates the country's statistics regarding population growth, education, health, economy, urban growth and development and also the environmental status of the country. The project will undertake a demographic profile of the United States of America and that of China. Furthermore, the analysis will be given based on the demographic profile of these two countries.
U.S Demographic Profile Table
Population Growth
Economy
Education
Health
Rural Development
Environment
Demographic Profile Table for China
Population Growth
Economy
Education
Health
Rural and Urban Development
Environmental
Analysis
Introduction
The demographic profile of China indicates that the country is in the fourth state of the Demographic Transition Theory. The profile further indicates that there has been decreased birth rates and stabilizing population. The decline in the number of deaths in the country is attributed to the highly educated citizens, the migration of people from the rural areas to urban areas and thus easy access to social amenities such as healthy facilities. There has also been ample healthcare in the country and job opportunities has been expanded which has led to reduced number of poor people. The stage can be explained through demographic profile analysis where the Republic of China has a large population with the relatively small number of youth compared to the larger population. It is reported that the China's population stand at a million mark in the year 1992. The population of China is the largest as of 2010 census. In the year 2010, about 91.51 of the population were Han Chinese and the other 8.49 of the population were minority groups. The population growth rate of the country of China stands at 0.47%. Furthermore, in the year 2011, the fertility rate of China was 1.22 where Beijing had the lowest fertility rate (So et.al, 03). Internal migration in China has been witnessed for quite a long time due to labor mobility issues. The population growth has been significantly increasing in China as compared to that of the U.S. Literacy rate in China is comparatively the same as that of the U.S since in both countries about 99% of the population is literate. Regarding health, the majority of the people who live in urban areas in U.S have access to amenities such as health facilities and water facilities compared to that of China where the majority of the people who access these facilities also live in urban areas.
Main Challenges
China being a highly populated country has been growing in terms of the economy. The population of the country is highly educated and this has enabled the country’s economy to grow very fast. However, the country is faced by a myriad of challenges. These challenges range from the rise of the middle classes. The issue of the rise of the middle classes in the country of China has grown hand in hand with the country’s economic development. The current estimates of the middle classes lies between 100 million and 250 million and is expected to grow up 700 million by the year 2030. Furthermore, there is also another challenge of the imbalance of wealth. The country has been faced by an uneven distribution of social wealth. This is an issue that has created economic and social problems in the government and is considered to influence the development of the country. Furthermore, there is also the high growth of the population which has increased the uneven distribution of salaries. The problem has resulted in the social indifferences where majority of the people are poor and a few accumulate wealth and economic resources. The problem has exposed the country to regional imbalance where imbalance is witnessed between the rural areas and urban areas in terms of income generation. Urbanization is also another problem that is witnessed in China. Currently, about 62 % of the population lives in the rural areas but economic optimist estimate that by the year 2030, 70% of the population will be living in urban areas (Attané, 04). This according to the economists will spur off the social problems since housing will not be adequate with the high population in the urban areas. Healthy problem is another challenge facing the country of China. Even though the country has tried its best to improve the status of healthy, infant and adult mortality rate is still high. It is reported that majority of the poor people do not access the health facilities and this is witnessed especially when one is suffering from fatal diseases such as cancer. The high costs associated to treatment of such diseases cannot be afforded by the poor people and thus, the high number of people dying from cancer and other fatal diseases.
Problem
The main problem that is facing the country is the unaffordable healthcare system. Majority of the people in the country are faced with healthy challenges and they cannot afford the costs of health care. Even though there has been improved healthcare system, it is reported that it majorly benefits the wealthy people only as they can afford but the poor people are left without alternative. Fatal diseases such as cancer majorly affect the poor people since they are associated with high costs of treatments. This is a problem that necessitates the efforts of OXFAM.
Intervention
A plan has to be designed such that, the healthcare system in the country is made affordable to all the people. Health insurance has to be introduced in the country where the government advices people to take health insurance. It can also subsidize the costs of insurance to ensure that all the people get health insurance. It will ensure that all the people access medical services at any given time and thus reduce the mortality rate that is currently rampant.
Recommendations
The most important way of ensuring that people afford health care services is through the reduction of poverty. Poverty can be reduced by coming up with more job opportunities across the country.
It is also significant for the country to subsidize the cost of medical services especially in the diseases that are associated with huge medical expenses.
Furthermore, the government has to ensure evenly distribution of healthcare services across the country rather than concentrating them in the urban areas.
Conclusion
Conclusively, the United States of America has a static population growth. Health care sector in the country has improved over some time where majority of the people access medical services. Furthermore, education sector has also improved where about 99% of the people are literate and can read and right. Urbanization has developed over some time and a high number of people have moved to live in urban areas. On the other hand, China has seen tremendous population growth. The education sector has also improved in this country. Urbanization and Health care system has significantly grown. However, China is still faced by challenges which include urbanization, poverty, high costs of healthcare services and the growth of middle classes. The country can intervene to reduce these challenges by ensuring evenly distribution of resources and setting up more job opportunities across the country. Furthermore, the country of China can encourage its population to take health insurance and can also subsidize for the costs of medical services to ensure that people meet the high cost of medical services.
Work Cited
Index Mundi. United States Demographics Profile 2014. United States,2014.
The World Facebook. The Work of a Nation. The Center of Intelligence. CIA, U.S.A,2014.
Attané, Isabelle. The Demographic Masculinization of China: Hoping for a Son. Heidelberg: Springer, 2013. Print.
So, Alvin Y, Nan Lin, and Dudley L. Poston. The Chinese Triangle of Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong: Comparative Institutional Analyses. Westport: Greenwood Press, 2001. Print.
