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The Sui, Tang and Song dynasty are three of the most prominent dynasties in the Chinese history. The major political, social economic changes that took place in each dynasty term are compiled as follows.
Sui Dynasty
Political Changes
The Sui dynasty is remembered for its political importance. It lasted for 29 years and marked the building of the Great Canal and the restoration of the Great Wall. These architectural demands required the peasants to pay more tax. It ended in 618 after a ferocious rebellion.
A new central government system came into place. The political unity was once again united and nomads and nobility were controlled by the state. The central government consisted of 3 cabinets and 6 departments (Sui dynasty). The main 3 cabinets were legislative, deliberation and an executive branch. The six departments were in control of income, justice implementation, working of the government and other formal procedures.
Social Changes
When the nomads and nobility were ruling, there was a decline in the popularity of scholars and their pursuits. With the imposing of the Sui dynasty, arts was once again revived and appreciated and education was brought back.
Economical Changes
There was proper implementation of tax collection and land ownership. This enforced the law and the economy flourished.
Tang Dynasty
Political Changes
The political changes noted in the Tang dynasty saw the expanding of the borders with the help of the military. The state power was distributed among the elite scholars and some royal families (Craig, et al, 2011). A special bureau was established that was responsible for looking over all official activity. Chinese literature was given importance in education. Promotion in civil service and other government positions were based on an examination based on the Chinese Literature.
Social Changes
The society was economically stable due to the increase in international trade routes and wise governing decisions. There was no corruption among any class in the Tang dynasty. (Chinese Culture, n.d.)
Economical Changes
A lot of importance and government funds were directed towards the development of arts and festivals. This stressed out the economical position of the government.
Song Dynasty
Political Changes
There was a division of class based on the knowledge of Chinese literature. Even though lower class members were passed, but preference was given to those belonging to the elite families. Government officials were provided better salaries on the basis of being of being qualified in Chinese literature.
Social Changes
The domination of male was prevalent. There was more emphasis on religion. There were many accomplishments in the fields of science, technology, literature and fine arts. Paper was invented and this increased the literacy rate.
Economical Changes
Technological and art advancements were seen a lot. There were canals built which increased the land irrigation system and rice cultivation was prominent in the Song Dynasty. International trade was once again opened and many luxurious items were imported from the western world. The earliest structures of banks came into existence and the term of ‘credit’ came into being. By this time, paper money was created which strengthened the economy. Most of the larger estates owned by the elite class was distributed evenly to allow more farming and strengthen economy.
The chaos that resulted in the six dynasties was peacefully resolved and restored in the Sui, Tang and Song Dynasty. The country now focused on the economic and social development in the coastal regions far away from the Yangtze Valley.
References
Chinese Culture, (n.d.). Retrieved November 8, 2013 from http://www.chinaonlinetour.com/travelguide/chinese-culture/
Craig, Albert, Graham, William, Kagan, Donald, Ozment, Steven, Turner, Frank, World Civilizations, The Global Experience (AP Edition), (2011), Pearson Education Online, Retrieved November 8, 2013 from http://wps.ablongman.com/long_stearns_wcap_4/18/4648/1190055.cw/index.html
Sui Dynasty, (n.d.). Retrieved November 7, 2013 from http://www.chinatraveldepot.com/C159-Sui-Dynasty
