Reference 1
Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Gordon, J., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2016). Exploring the Correlates of Perceived Job Dangerousness Among Correctional Staff at a Maximum Security Prison. Criminal Justice Policy Review. 00 (0). DOI: 10.1177/0887403415623618.
The signs of mental health disorders do not reveal themselves at work most of the time. Only in rare and isolated instances, will the potency of the problems manifest. In addition, the other correctional officers and staff might not have adequate knowledge to corroborate evidence. Hence, this peer-reviewed paper will provide the parameters for testing. The variables, components, variances, and distinct patterns are available in this paper. When conducting the project, it will be essential to visit a correctional facility to assess the conditions therein. This paper will be useful in monitoring the behavior of the correctional staff for symptoms provided by the authors. This paper will enhance the knowledge base of the researcher and enable him/her to draw conclusions on mental health conditions based on proven facts.
Reference 2
Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2015). Leave Your Job at Work The Possible Antecedents of Work–Family Conflict Among Correctional Staff. The Prison Journal. 95 (1). Pp. 114-134. DOI: 10.1177/0032885514563284.
The personal lives of correctional officers might not be accessible for the researcher. The chances for personal interviews among family members are highly unlikely. Hence, the research project requires data from a peer-reviewed paper which can authenticate the validity of the information uncovered from a small sample. This paper will provide a yardstick against which any data procured will be subject to measurement. This paper is critical to confirm the accuracy of the data collected from the sample. Furthermore, the paper will enable the researcher to ask the relevant questions to ascertain the presence of symptoms which indicate mental health problems.
Reference 3
Finney, C., Stergiopoulos, E., Jennifer Hensel, Bonato, S., and Dewa, C. S. (2013). Organizational stressors associated with job stress and burnout in correctional officers: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 82 (13). Pp. 1 – 11. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-82.
Reference 4
Oehme, K., Donnelly, A. E., and Martin, A. (2013). Alcohol Abuse, PTSD, and Officer Committed Domestic Violence. Policing. 6 (4). Pp. 418-430. doi:10.1093/police/pas023
This journal article provides information on the operations of Law Enforcement Families Partnership. This organization provides help for correctional staff who undergo excessive stress. The purpose of this organization is to enable correctional officers and other law enforcement officers handle stress related mental health issues effectively. There are a growing number of cases against these personnel in recent years pertaining to domestic violence, and child abuse. There is also an increase in the number of suicides. Hence, the recommendations and remedies provided by the authors are real-time solutions. The researcher can use the data to attempt in solving the problem questions that will arise from the study.
Reference 5
Manchak, S. M., Skeem, J. L., Kennealy, P. J., and Louden, J. E. (2014). High-Fidelity Specialty Mental Health Probation Improves Officer Practices, Treatment Access, and Rule Compliance. Law and Human Behavior. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000076.
Research indicates that correctional officers feel imprisoned along with the inmate population while they attempt to perform their duties daily. This paper provides steps to deal with the mental illnesses contracted by inmates in a correctional facility. While not all of the remedies will be appropriate for the correctional staff, however, they will have certain common variables. This paper is an additional guide while prescribing remedies for the correctional staff.
Reference 6
Valentine, C. L., Oehme, K., and Martin, A. (2012). Correctional Officers and Domestic Violence: Experiences and Attitudes. J Fam Viol. 27 (1). Pp. 531-545. DOI: 10.1007/s10896-012-9448-y
This study contains empirical data on the violent behavior exhibited by correctional staff at home. The data analysis methods provide the researcher with insight on how to conduct similar analysis along with the parameters involved. This paper is critical to the present research paper since all the findings and conclusions heavily rest with the analysis of data. Any discrepancies in this analysis will undermine the entire research. Hence, this journal article provides a concrete platform for this research in terms of data analysis methods.
Reference 7
Ghaddar, A., Mateo, I., Sanchez, P. (2008). Occupational stress and mental health among correctional officers: a cross-sectional study. J Occup Health. 50 (1). Pp. 92 – 98.
This paper’s data originates from a Spanish correctional facility. The study is able to offer a significant insight into the reasons for stress for correctional staff. The culture is different from the average American correctional facility however, the paper will be handy to come up with specific types of intervention. The researcher should use the interventions by tweaking them to match the diverse cultures present among American correctional officer populations. This paper will present opportunities overlooked by researchers in the United States.
Reference 8
Lisitsina, D. (2015). Prison guards can never be weak': the hidden PTSD crisis in America's jails. Retrieved from: http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/20/corrections-officers-ptsd-american-prisons
This newspaper article is an important piece of the puzzle in the research. The US Department of Justice acknowledges the presence of severe stress and related mental health issues. However, they will not pay much emphasis to the prevalence of PTSD among correctional officers. The primary reason for this is the surge in requirements in the Department of Corrections. The major concern will be to downplay and cover up PTSD cases to hope for an increased number of recruitments. This article sheds light on a dangerous mental health disorder among correctional staff, PTSD. Unless the staff receive relevant treatment for their condition, it will be impossible to come up with any viable solutions. Articles such as this one provide the research with information not readily available on government websites.
Reference 9
Psychalive Staff (2016). Working Behind the Wall: Mental Health of Correctional-Based Staff. Retrieved from: http://www.psychalive.org/working-behind-the-wall-mental-health-of-correctional-based-staff/
The unavailability of PTSD related data on government websites makes this article invaluable for the research. The article will provide validity to the claim of PTSD prevalent among correctional staff in the United States. The article explores several aspects of PTSD and its relevance to the correctional system. The information in this article will enable the researcher to validate the government’s position on PTSD. This information will also serve well while interviewing correctional staff regarding the stress indicator questionnaire.
Reference 10
Lopez, O. (2014). U.S. Prison Officers Need Help, But They Won’t Ask For It. Retrieved from: http://www.newsweek.com/2014/06/06/prison-officers-need-help-they-wont-ask-it-252439.html
The newsweekly article provides the investigative tips on how to identify PTSD among correctional staff. The reporter generously offers critical identification related information in the article. This information will be useful while interacting with correctional personnel in person or while reviewing reports made available otherwise. Even scrutinizing interview transcripts will not reveal symptoms of serious mental health issues if the researcher does not know what symptoms to look for.
Reference 11
ToersBijns, Carl (2013). Correctional Officers’ Mental Health. Retrieved from: http://www.corrections.com/news/article/33670-correctional-officers-mental-health.
The first hand testimony of the author, whose illustrious service in the Department of Corrections allows him an expert’s view on the subject is crucial for the research paper. The information obtained from correctional officers might hide some insights however, for a retired officer, the recollection will be impeccable. The exhausting of the mind among correctional officers will result in the unintentional suppression of important information pertaining to certain mental health issues. The experienced and retired author however, is under no such duress. His inputs in this area of study will remain important to the research. There is no matching a personal testimony irrespective of where the other information originates.
Reference 12
Sam Houston State University Staff (2014). Correctional officer stress studied: Conflicts between work, family life common. Retrieved from: www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/02/140220112511.htm
This article is an outline summary of several studies conducted pertaining to the mental health issues among correctional officers. It cites the lack of work-life balance as a critical imbalance factor for stress. The article incorporates at least three different studies to validate its claims. The article is important and it will save time since it already refers to certain studies identified by this research. Furthermore, the article provides a few opportunities for the researcher to exploit while recommending solutions.
Reference 13
Denhof, M. D., Spinaris, C.G., and Morton, G.R. (2014). Occupational Stressors in Corrections Organizations: Types, Effects, and Solutions. Retrieved from: http://info.nicic.gov/virt/sites/info.nicic.gov.virt/files/03OccupationalStressors.pdf
This government document contains information to a study conducted in 2014 by the Department of Justice. This is a government approved research model on the subject. While the research also incorporates data and procedure from a secular study, it is an interesting scenario to analyze. The secular study concluded in 2013 and this study in 2014. Hence, if the government study does not incorporate the main points, the researcher will have the opportunity to fill the gaps in this research study. Furthermore, it is imperative for the researcher of this project to compare the information to uncover discrepancies. The study will also help in ascertaining facts pertaining the government’s efforts to deal with the problem comprehensively.
Reference 14
Curran, K. (2015). Concerns rise over corrections officers' stress, depression. Retrieved from: http://www.wcvb.com/news/concerns-rise-over-corrections-officers-stress-depression/36557958
This news article will enable the researcher to confirm the reports and findings on the extent of mental health issues among correctional officers in the United States. The series of articles dating between 2012 and 2016 are evidence pointing to the deterioration of the situation. This evidence renders the US Department of Justice paper released in 2013 as ineffective. The researcher, can use this as an opportunity to provide customized solutions to reduce stress in correctional facilities.
Reference 15
Steele, D. W. (2016). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Correction Officer’s Life. Retrieved from: http://www.fodcop.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=_AAUSel4WjE%3D&tabid=744&mid=2099
This article is the final evidentiary source indicating failure of the government to deal with the increased stress, and PTSD among correctional officers. The article, along with the others will be in use to rebut the studies conducted by the US Government on the subject. The article provides symptoms in a detailed fashion. The questionnaire for correctional officers to provide stress related information uses a majority of the parameters prescribed in this article.
Reference 16
Brower, J. (2013). Correctional Officer Wellness And Safety Literature Review. Retrieved from: https://www.ojpdiagnosticcenter.org/sites/default/files/spotlight/download/NDC_CorrectionalOfficerWellnessSafety_LitReview.pdf
This review study prepared for the US Department of Justice contains the factors which contribute to the stress faced by correctional officers. The study reveals the probable behavioral patterns that correctional officers are likely to indulge in when stressors at work increase. The study documents their personal lives, effect on family life, spousal abuse, and any other violent behavior by the affected officers. This study provides the platform for the project to evaluate the effectiveness of the recommendations prescribed by the author in 2013. This information will be critical for comparison. The data will also be handy in identifying new mental health related problems prevalent in the correctional officer populations at present.
Reference 17
Denhof, M. D., Spinaris, C.G., and Kellaway, A. J. (2013). Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in United States Corrections. Desert Waters Correctional Outreach. Retrieved from: http://www.fodcop.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=_AAUSel4WjE%3D&tabid=744&mid=2099
The final article summarizes all the findings and lists factors of stress, contributors for PTSD, symptoms of severe stress, origins of PTSD within the correctional system, available treatments, and the resources available at correctional facilities to combat PTSD. This article is the overall summary of all the information and effectively ties it all together. The researcher can use this article to check for validity, look for variations, spot problem areas, and provide viable solutions for the problem.
References
Brower, J. (2013). Correctional Officer Wellness And Safety Literature Review. Retrieved from: https://www.ojpdiagnosticcenter.org/sites/default/files/spotlight/download/NDC_CorrectionalOfficerWellnessSafety_LitReview.pdf
Curran, K. (2015). Concerns rise over corrections officers' stress, depression. Retrieved from: http://www.wcvb.com/news/concerns-rise-over-corrections-officers-stress-depression/36557958
Denhof, M. D., Spinaris, C.G., and Kellaway, A. J. (2013). Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in United States Corrections. Desert Waters Correctional Outreach. http://www.fodcop.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=_AAUSel4WjE%3D&tabid=744&mid=2099
Denhof, M. D., Spinaris, C.G., and Morton, G.R. (2014). Occupational Stressors in Corrections Organizations: Types, Effects, and Solutions. Retrieved from: http://info.nicic.gov/virt/sites/info.nicic.gov.virt/files/03OccupationalStressors.pdf
Finney, C., Stergiopoulos, E., Jennifer Hensel, Bonato, S., and Dewa, C. S. (2013). Organizational stressors associated with job stress and burnout in correctional officers: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 82 (13). Pp. 1 – 11. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-82.
Ghaddar, A., Mateo, I., Sanchez, P. (2008). Occupational stress and mental health among correctional officers: a cross-sectional study. J Occup Health. 50 (1). Pp. 92 – 98.
Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Gordon, J., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2016). Exploring the Correlates of Perceived Job Dangerousness Among Correctional Staff at a Maximum Security Prison. Criminal Justice Policy Review. 00 (0). DOI: 10.1177/0887403415623618.
Lambert, E. G., Minor, K. I., Wells, J. B., and Hogan, N. L. (2015). Leave Your Job at Work The Possible Antecedents of Work–Family Conflict Among Correctional Staff. The Prison Journal. 95 (1). Pp. 114-134. DOI: 10.1177/0032885514563284.
Lisitsina, D. (2015). Prison guards can never be weak': the hidden PTSD crisis in America's jails. Retrieved from: http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/may/20/corrections-officers-ptsd-american-prisons
Lopez, O. (2014). U.S. Prison Officers Need Help, But They Won’t Ask For It. Retrieved from: http://www.newsweek.com/2014/06/06/prison-officers-need-help-they-wont-ask-it-252439.html
Manchak, S. M., Skeem, J. L., Kennealy, P. J., and Louden, J. E. (2014). High-Fidelity Specialty Mental Health Probation Improves Officer Practices, Treatment Access, and Rule Compliance. Law and Human Behavior. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/lhb0000076.
Oehme, K., Donnelly, A. E., and Martin, A. (2013). Alcohol Abuse, PTSD, and Officer Committed Domestic Violence. Policing. 6 (4). Pp. 418-430. doi:10.1093/police/pas023
Psychalive Staff (2016). Working Behind the Wall: Mental Health of Correctional-Based Staff. Retrieved from: http://www.psychalive.org/working-behind-the-wall-mental-health-of-correctional-based-staff/
Sam Houston State University Staff (2014). Correctional officer stress studied: Conflicts between work, family life common. Retrieved from: www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/02/140220112511.htm
Steele, D. W. (2016). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Correction Officer’s Life. Retrieved from: http://www.fodcop.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=_AAUSel4WjE%3D&tabid=744&mid=2099
ToersBijns, C (2013). Correctional Officers’ Mental Health. Retrieved from: http://www.corrections.com/news/article/33670-correctional-officers-mental-health.
Valentine, C. L., Oehme, K., and Martin, A. (2012). Correctional Officers and Domestic Violence: Experiences and Attitudes. J Fam Viol. 27 (1). Pp. 531-545. DOI: 10.1007/s10896-012-9448-y
