Assignment 2: RA: Test Retest Assessment Analysis
Assignment 2: RA: Test Assessment Analysis
The selected mental health exam is the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WMS-IV).
Test Purpose:
The Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition is designed to measure of various memory and working memory abilities designed for individuals ages 16-90. More specifically the test is even more widely used to measure episodic, declarative memory functioning and working memory
Uses
Mental health professionals use the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition and “It is most likely to be used within the clinical, neurological, forensic and educational fields as well as a work rehabilitation setting”.
Test Development and History
The first version of the Wechsler Memory Scale was introduced to the psychological discipline in 1945. Since the emergence there have been four versions of this psychological test. The most recent version is the Wechsler Memory Scale-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV). The major differences that exist between the WMS-III and the WMS-IV are three more subtests have been added to the test. These four tests include spatial addition, symbol span, design memory, and a general cognitive screener. The logical memory, verbal paired associates and visual reproduction tests were modified to immediate versus delayed results on all of the subtests. Other changes that were made to the test include: the elimination of the information and orientation; spatial span; mental control; faces; digit span; family pictures; letter number; and word list subtests.
Normative information and test statistics
The normative information and test statistics for the WMS-IV are as follows:
RTI Tiers: RTI Level 3
Scores/Interpretation: Contrast Scores
Publication Date: 2009
Applicable population
The applicable population is Ages 16:0 to 90.11 years
Validity
The validity if the WAIS-IV yielded the following results:
There was a correlation of .58 and .52 when the spatial addition and symbol span of the WMS-III was evaluated.
A correlation of .46 an .47 for the spatial span with the WAIS-IV, and .51 and .45 correlated with the WAIS-IV digital span
The WIAT-II and the WAIS-IV Spatial Addition correlated at .70 and .47 with the WIAT-II Numerical Operations at .65 and .62, and symbol span correlated at .70 and .47, with WIAT-II Math Reasoning (Holdnack & Drozdick, 2009).
Reliability
The results of reliability consisted of Internal consistencies scores on spatial addition that ranged from .89 to .93, .76 to .92 for the symbol span.
Lastly, the scores for test retest indicated a score of .77 for spatial addition and .72 for symbol span correlated to the WAIS-II.
Malingering or deception-N/A
Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI)
Test purpose
The purpose of the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory is to screen test participants for substance abuse dependency. This assessment is a self-reporting apparatus. Uses, particularly in a forensic setting
The SASSI is used in clinical settings. This assessment has also been used in law enforcement agencies as well. Test development and history (any revisions made)
There are two versions of the SASSI. One is for adolescent (SASSI-A2), and the other is for adults (SASSI-3). The SASSI is available in a handscored format and is scored with a scoring key (Miller & Lawowski, 2007).
Normative information and test statistics
The sample population for the SASSI A2 was “a sample of 1,470 respondents. This group was further divided into development and validation groups”(Bauman, 2002). Applicable populations
Adolescent ages 12 to 18 and adultsValidity
Criterion
Reliability
Test-Retest
Internal ConsistencyMalingering or deception
IQ/Cognitive Functioning
Test Purpose
The cognitive/IQ test that was selected for the purpose of this paper is the Wechsler Adult Intelligence
Uses
The WAIS-IV I designed to assess cognitive abilities in adolescents and adults ages 16 to 90.11 years of age.
Settings that the WAIS-IV is primarily used in school and work settings.
Test development and history (any revisions made)Normative information and test statistics
The WAIS-IV was obtained by using a standardized sample of 2200 participants. From this sample the 2200 participants consisted of persons that ranged from ages 16 to 90 years of age and were of diverse ethnic, education levels, sex and physical geographic locations. A determinant of the socioeconomic status was used in this study. On the other hand income levels undeterminable (Pearson, 2008). Applicable populations
This assessment can be applied to populations ages 16 to 90.11 and various ages, ethnic groups, education levels, etc. Validity
The validity of the WAIS-IV is based on the correlation of other tests, unique group the e convergent divergent and discriminant comparisons of other tests, the content of the test, the factorial structure.
Reliability
There are three types of reliability that are included in the WAIS-IV. They include internal consistency, interscorer agreement, and test retest stability.
“Internal consistency estimates across all 13 age groups ranged from .97–. 98 for the FSIQ; from .87–. 98 for the factor index scores (VCI, PRI, WMI, PSI); and from .71–. 96 for the subtests”(Williams, Weiss, & Rolfhus, 2003 p 2). Malingering or deception
The use of deception or malingering in this test can produce results that are inaccurate and are not necessary for the sake of the test.
Projective Personality
Test Purpose:
The projective personality test that will be focused on is the Rorschach Inkblot Test. The Rorschach Inkblot Test is a projective psychological test that is used to assess the condition of thought disorder.
Uses of the Test
The Rorschach Inkblot test is used to assess if people had thought disorders.Test development and history (any revisions made)Normative information and test statistics
Until the 1970’s normative data for the Rorschach test were non-existent. So norms are adjusted for the Rorschach based on age (Rorschach, 1998).
Applicable populations
An individually administered assessment for population of Ages 5 and over
Validity
Construct validity and incremental validity
Reliability
Offers participants open-ended questions, which correlate with interrater reliability and test retest.
Malingering or deception
Objective Personality
Test Purpose
The selected objective personality assessment that is still quite popular to date in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), Second Version. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-2 is a personality test that is administered to groups.
Uses
The MMPI-2 is used in clinical settings.
Test development and history (any revisions made)
The MMPI-2 was developed in Minnesota in the 1940’s in an effort to determine and assess the differences that exists in adult personalities.Normative information and test statistics
According to Hathaway, McKinley, Butcher, and James (1990)“The MMPI-2 norms are based on responses of 1,138 males and 1,462 females between the ages of 18 and 84. In comparison with the ethnic, geographic, and sample size restrictions present in the norms developed for the original instrument, the MMPI-2 norms offer very substantial improvements”.
Applicable populations
The MMPI-2 is primarily used for clients that are 18 year and older, but the previous version was primarily used adolescents due to the normative sample.Validity and Reliability
The MMPI is commonly reliable when applied o the white middle class and persons who are extremely disturbed. The test retest reliability is scored at a range of .50 to .80. The scale of hypochondriacs as the heist level of reliability.
Malingering or deception
Competency to Stand Trial
Test purpose
The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA) is an structured interview that is used to assess adjudicative competence before a trial. Uses, particularly in a forensic setting
The settings that the assessment is used in are forensic, inpatient and outpatient; law enforcement correctional settings and all can be used before and prior to adjudication in the criminal l process.
Test development and history (any revisions made)Normative information and test statistics
Persons who are 18 and older and are currently incompetent and incarcerated. Applicable populations
The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication can be used with the population 18 and order.
Validity
Validity has been derived from the following groups that meet specified criteria of (a) persons that are incompetent and were randomly selected, (b) inmates currently receiving treatment for incompetence and mental disorders, (c) inmates who could not proceed and were deemed adjudicated due to mental disorder.
Reliability
UnknownMalingering or deception
Risk Assessment
Test purpose
Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide (SORAG) was designed to see if sex offenders were likely to repeat the same crime (recidivism). Uses, particularly in a forensic setting
This test is used in clinical and correctional settings.Test development and history (any revisions made)
This test was first developed in Normative information and test statistics
The norm sample was derived from Canadian in 1997 of inmates that were selected based on their sexual crimes and who were also incarcerated in a maximum state prison. The assessment way given to the inmates before being transferred to a mental health institution. Applicable populations
In incarcerated persons that are ages 18 and older and who are incompetent, receiving treatment for incompetence, or have been deemed legally incompetent. Validity and reliability
When evaluating the SORAG it was discovered that replication studies yielded results that were consistent between sex offenders and the outcome of recidivism. The common effect size was 75% more likely to engage in repetitive behaviors and acts; and was 75% more likely than inmates who did not commit sexual crimes to yield high scores on the assessment.
Malingering or deception
Unknown
Insanity/Criminal Responsibility
Test purpose
The purpose of the Rogers Criminal Responsibility Assessment Scales (RCRAS) is to provide psychologists in forensic practice tools to asses the criminal population.
Uses, particularly in a forensic setting
Assess criminals who plead to be clinically insane.Test development and history (any revisions made)
Normative information and test statistics
Based on both sane and insane criminalsApplicable populations
Criminal populationValidity and reliability
The validity of the Rogers Criminal Responsibility Assessment Scales (RCRAS) was contingent upon the 111 defending clients.
The estimated reliability was “ranged from .68 and .63 (original sample and cross-validation sample, respectively) to 1.00”.
The interrater reliability related to insanity decisions was correlated at .93 for the original sample of 111, and for cross-validated samples at 1.0.
Overall there were 72% of sane cases adequately assessed and 99% on sane cases adequately assessed (Justice).
Malingering or deception
Can be deceptive if not properly used.
Bibliography
Bauman, S. (2002). TEST REVIEW: Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory – Adolescent 2 (SASSI-A2). Retrieved February 28, 2016, from Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education: http://aac.ncat.edu/newsnotes/y02win.html
Hathaway, S.R., McKinley, J.C., & Butcher, J.N. (1990). Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2
Horne, J., & & McDonald, A. (2012). Test Review Wechsler Memory Scale ® – Fourth UK Edition (WMS® IV UK). The British Psychological Society , 1-18.
Justice, C. (n.d.). Criminal Justice. Retrieved March 1, 2016, from Sex Offender Risk Appraisal Guide (SORAG): http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/forensic-psychology/sex-offender-risk-appraisal-guide-sorag/
Lazowski, L.E., & Miller, G.A.a (2007). SASSI: A REPLY TO THE CRITIQUE OF FELDSTEIN & MILLER (2007). Addiction, 102(6), 1001-10002.doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01861.x
NSU, C. o. (n.d.). Retrieved February 29, 2016, from Rogers Criminal Responsibility Assessment Scales : http://cps.nova.edu/~cpphelp/RCRAS.html
Rorschach, H. (1998). Rorschach
Williams, P. E., Weiss, L., & Rolfhus, E. L. (2003). WISC-IV Techical Report # 2 Psychometric Properties. Th Psychological Corporation.
