Well-known international companies for many years believe that reliable partners can be only those that use ethical approaches to the community as a whole and to its employees in particular. Therefore, international expert organizations, associations, businesses, accounting firms now actively developing standards for the preparation and verification of social reporting companies. These reports should complement the financial information and permission to have a clear idea of sustainability and long-term perspective of business development.
Corporate Social Responsibility is a multi-character:
1. Baseline assumes contractual obligations: timely payment of taxes, payment of salary, if possible - providing new jobs (expansion work state);
2. The second level involves adequate conditions for employees not only work but also of life: raising skills, preventive treatment, housing, social development. This type of liability is advisable to call corporate responsibility;
3. Third, higher level of responsibility involves charity (Carrol, 1991).
There are four basic approaches to the concept of corporate social responsibility:
1) economic approach, under which the company acts as a tool for wealth creation, and all his social activities aimed at achieving economic results. There is a social responsibility of the business world - to use its resources and engage in activities aimed at increasing profits, subject to the rules of the game, that deal with open and free competition without deception and fraud. In other words, Monsanto operates in a way that fulfills its economic function, producing goods and services required for society and thus creating jobs and ensuring the maximization of profits for shareholders (Monsanto, 2016).
2) political approach based on the fact that Monsanto is able to influence society, because they should responsibly use their ability. This social force in the ability to understand affect the results of important social processes to address social issues regardless of the type of institution (Monsanto, 2016). The best known is the concept of "corporate citizenship". According to this conception of the role of the enterprise may be considered in the narrow and broad sense. In a narrow sense, the role of Monsanto is reduced to philanthropy, social investment and certain universally recognized obligations to the local community. In a broad sense - the company should be responsible for the areas in which the state cannot protect its citizens.
3) according to Monsanto social approach has concentrated on identifying social demands of society and the answers to them, thereby strengthening its position. The activities of any company in the field of CSR should be determined by the expectations that society imposes on him (Monsanto, 2016). However, some authors distinguish between requirements to reduce the negative impact and claims to enhance the positive impact on society.
4) ethical approach, the main feature of which is that it is based on the idea of moral and ethical obligation to Monsanto and its managers of the society.
Among other approach there is an approach from a position of triple bottom line of regulatory and stakeholder positions. Hence, every company has economic, environmental and social responsibility, thus ensuring its viability (Carrol, 1991). The theory of universal human rights based on the recognition of human rights, labor rights and respect for the environment as a necessary condition for enterprises. The theory of sustainable development is the idea that the company in its activity corresponds not only to current but also to future generations (Carrol, 1991). Therefore, it should monitor both economic and social and environmental performance of its activities. Instead of regulatory approach from the perspective of stakeholders of Monsanto, they are allowed to describe the relationship between companies and groups of people interested in their activities (Carrol, 1991). According to this theory the company has no moral responsibility to society in general, but only to stakeholders, which include: shareholders, employees, suppliers, customers and local communities, who carry out their activities.
Social capital is a complex category, which are often called in the context of CSR, and which depend on economic growth, industrial competitiveness, efficient operation of other components of social capital. In a narrow sense defined social capital investment in the development of state and social institutions, relationships, norms, promoting the welfare, promotion of production, reduction of poverty, social injustice (Carrol, 1991). Social capital is characterized by the presence of natural and legal persons of persistent public relations benefit to increase their income, creating advantages of their location in the hierarchy of society, organizations, interpersonal relations. Social capital - a measure of the potential of existing resources related to the inclusion in the network of relationships somehow institutionally issued bonds.
It is seen that Monsento mostly follows the Archie Carrol's pyramide of social responsibility:
(Carrol, 1991)
In general, the use of the corporate social responsibility of providing specific benefits, including: improved governance through risk prevention; improving reputation management; increase sales and market share; motivate employees; optimizing operational processes and reduce costs; the loyalty of investors; improve financial performance; establishing relationships with the public sector and society more.
References
Carroll, A. (1991). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility: Toward the moral management of organizational stakeholders. Business Horizons, 34(4), 39-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(91)90005-g
Monsanto,. (2016). A Sustainable Agriculture Company. Monsanto.com. Retrieved 18 June 2016, from http://www.monsanto.com/pages/default.aspx
