Topology refers to the way in which computer networks are connected. It is the interconnection configuration that is responsible for providing effective communication. It involves connecting devices, arranging nodes and cables (Rouse, 2016). There are different types of network topologies, and each of them has specific tasks. In this paper, the differences between the topologies will be discussed.
Bus Topology
In this kind of topology, all devices are connected to a common shared cable. The name of the cable is a bus. Thus, there is a way in which all devices are directly connected to each other in the network. For each device to be connected, they use T-connectors. Since buses are bidirectional, all devices can send or receive signals concurrently. In as much as the cables are connected directly, the failure of a particular node will not affect the entire network. Also, adding devices is simple. When it comes to data transmission, data is transmitted in one direction.
Ring Topology
In a ring topology, nodes are connected in such a way that they form a ring-shaped structure and in most cases it is referred to a closed loop network topology. Since data packets are in a single path, they travel from one node to another. Until the packet finds the final destination, it will keep traveling from one node to another. Likewise, an adjacent pair of devices is directly connected. Also, each node can access token as well as transmit.
As compared to other types of network topologies, the ring topology does not require a server for it to function. And for it to function effectively, it uses coax cable or fibre optic. When there is a failure in one cable, limited users will be affected. The ring topology is recommended for heavy network load.
Star Topology
The devices in this kind of topology are connected using a cable to one hub. The hub is the main, and any other node is connected to the main node. The hub is responsible for routing the messages to destination, from the source. Likewise, it is assumed to have the responsibility of a repeater when it comes to the data flow. As compared to other types of network topologies, such as Mesh, the star topology needs fewer cables. Also, it is easy to deploy this topology and adding or removing its nodes is simple. Nevertheless, the single point of failure of this topology is the main connection device. If it becomes unfunctional, all connected
Mesh Topology
Mesh network topology is a LAN, which uses a decentralized connection arrangement. There are two categories of mesh topology: full mesh and partial mesh. In the full mesh topology, every network node is connected directly to a different node, whereas as in partial mesh, to almost all other nodes, some nodes are connected. Though others are connected to the node, they exchange the most data with (Link Lab, 2015). As compared to other types of network topologies, mesh topology is considered to be the best as far as Internet of Things is concerned. Unlike the nodes that are found in the star topology that cannot deliver internet services without a router, in a mesh topology, the network nodes do not require internet connections for transmission of data to take place. Also, it does not have a Single Point of Failure (Rouse, 2015).
References
Link Lab. (2015). What is Mesh Topology? Retrieved from
https://www.link-labs.com/what-is-mesh-topology/
Rouse, M. (2015). Mesh Network Topology (Mesh Network). Retrieved from
http://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/mesh-network-topology-mesh-network
Rouse, M. (2015). Network Topology. Retrieved from
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/network-topology
