Cardiovascular system
The cardiovascular system is also known as the circulatory system, and it is the body’s transportation system that comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The system does the work of transporting oxygen, hormones, cellular waste products and nutrients to all the parts of the body. The use of blood transports all the products, and it is approximated that the body of an adult makes use of five liters of blood to transport the products from one part to the other. Blood is pumped from the heart through the arteries then gets into body tissues through capillaries (Inner Body, 2015). Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels that form the largest part of microcirculation system of the body that ensures that all body where they bring nutrients and gases and take away wastes from the body tissues.
The heart pumps blood to the arteries which move it to the body tissues by connecting with the capillaries for micro-circulation. Arteries play the role of a supply chain for the body because they supply nutrients and gases from the heart to the body parts. Due to the nature of the job that arteries do, they are usually thick and muscular, because the blood moved through arteries under high pressure (Weber, 2016). All body parts have their types of arteries for the supply of nutrients, and, even, the arteries have their arteries called coronary artery. Further, from the heart, the arteries feed the blood into the arterioles that reduce the pressure of the blood before delivering it into the capillaries. Capillaries act as exchange avenues for the blood tissues, where wastes are passed into the veins for a return journey to the heart.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system can be called the breathing system, and it is the system that sustains the body with gases. The respiratory system can be divided into several sections. The upper respiratory system, comprised of the nose, nasal cavity pharynx and larynx (the throat and voice box respectively). When someone breathes in, the air is taken to the nasal cavity for preparation through filtering, warming, and humidification before proceeding to the pharynx and getting separated from food in the larynx (an air passageway that allows air into the lungs). The lower part of the respiratory system takes over from the larynx, and air passes through the windpipe where it is cleaned and warmed (again). Once air enters the lungs, it goes through the bronchus, and there two of them, one to the left lung and the other one to the right. (Leader, 2016).
The bronchus has cartilage, just like the windpipe, to help in withstanding air pressure and keeping open all the time. The bronchus subdivides further deep in the lungs smaller avenues of passage called secondary and tertiary bronchi and further into smaller airways called bronchioles. These bronchioles are the last transporters of air, and they deliver it into the alveoli, the assembly points where the exchange of gases takes place. The alveoli are very tiny cells that are connected to the capillaries which deliver ‘used’ gas from the veins while the fresh air (oxygen) is infused in the blood and transported to the heart (Cloe, 2015). The whole respiratory system cannot function without the help of the diaphragm, the dome-shaped muscle attached to the chest. The expansion and contraction of the diaphragm enable one to breathe in and out.
References
Cloe, A. (2015, April 2). How does the cardiovascular system work with the respiratory system? Retrieved August 27, 2016, from http://www.livestrong.com/article/18606- cardiovascular-system-work-respiratory-system/
Inner Body. (2015). Cardiovascular system. Retrieved August 27, 2016, from http://www.innerbody.com/image/cardov.html
Leader, D. (2016, April 1). Tour the respiratory system. Retrieved August 27, 2016, from Verywell, https://www.verywell.com/tour-the-respiratory-system-4020265
Weber, C. (2016, August 25). The circulatory system - arteries. Retrieved August 27, 2016, from Verywell, https://www.verywell.com/part-2-arteries-1763959
