Pharmaceutical Research Academic Industrial And Government Research: Free Sample Essay To Follow

Scientific research is categorized into basic research and applied research and development. The main objective of basic research is to advance knowledge especially in universities with its results being published in books or journals. Applied research, on the other hand, focuses on creating new products with applications in industries where new formulations are done. Applied research also involves coming up with trade patents and trade secrets. In contrast, whereas basic research is funded by the government, investors and the private sector fund applied research. In coming up with new products, activities beyond the confines of research take place including, developing products from existing technologies, manufacturing, testing and distributing new products and the sales and marketing attribute.
The government and universities have been attributed to spearheading various research activities. The modern organization of the US scientific community, for instance, came out of the World War I and experienced massive success project. Underscoring the importance of science and technology, Vannevar Bush established the framework for managing science and technology noting that the scientific progress is important. Bush’s government University partnership thus urged federal agencies to fund for academic research work and for the establishment of operational experimental facilities including labs which are accessible to university researchers. In line with this vision, the industry support for research has risen and accounts for up to 6% of the total academic research fund. Of the total support for research activities, 60% is from the federal government, 9% from universities and 7% from state and local governments.
However, the changing the dynamics has seen universities take a more active role in research as it seeks to generate revenue. Intellectual property developed in campuses is now patented with universities seeking to partner also with companies as well establishing their companies. Companies, on the other hand, can now accept research grants from the government to solve national needs. In as much as research is vital, it also goes alongside technology training.
Research has equally taken root in the pharmaceutical sciences. In the industry, various companies have taken root in custom pharmaceutical manufacturing, medical device manufacturing, cosmetics, generic drug manufacturing and contrast research firms. The government also funds research in the pharmaceutical sciences with intramural agencies owning research labs while the extramural agencies funding research grants where the research is carried out by universities or firms. Pharmaceutical research is also encouraged in universities where undergraduate and postgraduate programs are offered. Ph.D. studies are often granted with the government funding research work in some of these institutions. In these learning institutions, more efforts towards discovering new drugs are at advanced stages with various experts being brought together in this venture.
Grants are important to universities with 2014 recording significant awards given to such institutions including Ohio State, case Western Reserve, and John Hopkins University among others. Among the universities giving grants for pharmaceutical research includes the Rockefeller University, Scripps Institute, and Sauk Institute. Noteworthy, NIH also supports research with more recent data indicating that Ohio-based companies and institutions got a combined $710.9 million from the National Institutes of Health which was way above the national average of 439 million.