Part One
According to Gardner (1999) plagiarism is the act of using someone else’s words (and work) as if the words are your own words. Most universities have strict rules against plagiarism and in desperate attempt to warn students and staff against plagiarism, the universities strive to make their students and staffs understand the meaning of plagiarism proficiently. However, there are several ways through which plagiarism can be avoided. In his article, Gardner (1999) suggests that plagiarism can be avoided through rephrasing whereby one expresses information in his or her own words before proceeding to properly acknowledge the source of the information. In a case where rephrasing might lead to lose of meaning of the information, Gardner (1999) suggests that one can quote the information but this should also be a proper citation (accompanied by the page number in most cases). Acknowledgement of source basically entails citing the source according to any of the various citation methods within the text in what is conventionally know as in-text citation. Acknowledgement of sources can also be done through the use of footnotes and endnotes, though this is always specific to some citation styles only. In the same light, the in-text citation and footnotes (or endnotes) should be accompanies with a list of references at the ned of the text.
Part two
The study by Mouras et. al (2013) titled Postural correlates of viewing painful situations was aimed at comparing “postural responses assessed by posturography and electromyography when subjects were instructed to imagine themselves in a painful or a nonpainful situation” (Mouras et. al, 2013, p. 2). According to Mouras et. al (2013), there is a relationship between emotional context and the causation of movement as supported by several simulation theories. The study targeted twenty nine subjects between the of 19 and 26 whose response to painful and non-painful situations were assessed. The assessment entailed displacement of the center of pressure (COP), leg muscle electromyographic activity, heart rate, and electrodermal activity assessments with the assessments being done while the subjects are standing . The study led to the affirmation that emotional context really influences postural control and leg muscle activation.
Process of getting the article
The article was obtained from the PsycINFO database that was accessed from the WSU website. On the WSU library system website, I clicked on the “Find Journal Articles” tab. I then chose Psychology from the “Databases by Subject section and was immediately directed to the PsycINFO world catalogue where I chose PsycINFO 1872-Current. I was then asked for my and password before I could be allowed to browse the psycINFO database. Using “Neurosciences” as my search words, I searched the database with the correct parameters set. Seemingly, there are a plethora of journals on my topic of interest hence did not have to search make any further adjustment to my search words. I only had to narrow down my search results by date in order to get a recently published article as was required for this assignment. After downloading my chosen article, I went straight to the reference page of the article and using the titles of the entries in the reference list of the article as my search words, I was able to find more articles relevant to my topic even though most the entries could not be found in the PsycINFO database.
Psych 105: Plagiarism Assignment
Grading Rubric
PART I:
______ (1 pt) Certificate confirms plagiarism test was taken and passed.
______ (1 pt) Complete write-up (i.e., it identifies one additional source and includes a
description of how the source contributes to student's understanding of plagiarism and
how to avoid it).
______ (1 pt) Complete URL for plagiarism citation.
PART II:
______ (1 pt) Provides a copy of the article.
______ (1 pt) Complete description of search process for first article.
______ (1 pt) Complete summary of article describing how it contributes to one's
understanding of the topic.
______ (1 pt) Complete description of the search process for finding the TWO articles from the
reference list.
______ (1 pt) Complete reference information for both articles in APA format.
OVERALL:
______ (2 pts) Quality of the write-up (grammatically correct; sentences flow naturally)
Was the assignment late? _________
(1 pt deduction per/day including the due date if assignment was submitted after the beginning of class)
POINT TOTAL: ______ pts/10 possible points.
References
Gardner, D. (1999). Plagiarism and how to avoid it. Retrieved January 18, 2013, from http://www4.caes.hku.hk/plagiarism/image/all_in_one.pdf
Indiana University (n.d). How to Recognize Plagiarism, Indiana University. Retrieved January 18, 2013, from https://www.indiana.edu/~istd/
Mouras, H., Montalan, B., Morel, M. F., Krystkowiak, P., Ahmaidi, S., and Godefroy, O. (2013). Postural Correlates Of Viewing Painful Situations. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 7:4. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00004
