What nursing interventions are appropriate for Mrs. J. at the time of her admission? Drug therapy is started for Mrs. J. to control her symptoms. What is the rationale for the administration of each of the following medications?
1.IV furosemide (Lasix)
2.Enalapril (Vasotec)
3.Metoprolol (Lopressor)
4.IV morphine sulphate (Morphine)
Lasix is used to reduce fluid retention that occurs as a side effect of heart failure. It is additionally used to treat hypertension and lessen effect such as the shortness of breath, swelling of limbs and the abdomen. It is used as an IV to treat the immediate consequences of hypertension. Enalapril (Vasotec) is used in combination with other drugs to it decreases the chemicals in that tighten veins permitting the blood to flow more easily (George, 2002). Since it has an extended release, it takes effect slowly and regulates the blood pressure of the patient. Metoprolol (Lopressor) it is utilized with a mix of different medications by unwinding vessels and abating the heart rate which enhances blood flow and declines blood pressure. It prevents migraines and treats irregular heartbeat. IV morphine sulfate (Morphine) is used to treat pain and since the patient complained of pain. The intravenous fluid will be useful in treating the pain, even if the patient claims she is not in pain (George, 2002).
Describe four cardiovascular conditions that may lead to heart failure and what can be done in the form of medical/nursing interventions to prevent the development of heart failure in each condition.
Heart failure is a condition portrayed by the powerlessness of the heart to pump blood that is key to run the body's tissue. It can develop gradually or instantaneously. Among its signs and symptoms are loss of appetite, weight gain, fluid retention, fatigue, shortness of breath, wheezing, and abnormal heart rate. Treatment may include the utilization of one medication or a mix of medicines. The conditions that lead to heart failure include high blood pressure. If it remains untreated, hypertension can cause heart failure, even when the patient does not have a heart attack. Coronary disease and heart attacks also cause heart failure. The effects of coronary diseases such as the narrowing of the heart vessels. The heart arteries become narrow which results in pumping defects on the left side of the heart. While surviving the heart attack may eventually lead to heart failure. Cardiomyopathy damages the heart muscles. The disorder leads to heart failure. And while there are many types cardiomyopathy most of them result in heart failure. Valvular heart disease may also lead to heart failure. Rheumatic fever causes scars that scar heart valves which prevent them from functioning which often leads to the failure of the heart (Sica, 2008).
Taking into consideration the fact that most mature adults take at least six prescription medications, discuss four nursing interventions that can help prevent problems caused by multiple drug interactions in older patients. Provide rationale for each of the interventions you recommend.
1. What health risks associated with obesity does Mr. C. have? Is bariatric surgery an appropriate intervention? Why or why not?
It is recommended that the patient take his medication Carafate 1 g or 10ml suspension (500mg / 5mL) at 6 a.m and Magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta) 15 mLat 9 a.m. he should take his other does of Carafate 1 g or 10ml suspension (500mg / 5mL) at 11 am and) Magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta) 15 mL at two in the afternoon. He should take Magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta) 15 mL at 9 pm. And take ) Magnesium hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide (Mylanta) 15 mL, Ranitidine (Zantac) 300 mg PO and Sucralfate / Carafate 1 g or 10ml suspension (500mg / 5mL) as he is taking his bedtime snack ("Guidelines for timely medication administration", 2016)
Assess each of Mr. C.'s functional health patterns using the information given
Assessing a patient’s health patterns involves evaluating their physical, psychological and emotional wellbeing (Dixon, Zimmet, Alberti, & Rubino, 2011). Treating the patient says that he says that he has been taking his medication at the right time and the right dosage. In addition, to which the patient has reported to be eating four times a day which has contributed to the weight gain. His willingness to take up therapy and other forms of treatment that will help him reduce his weight and discipline him into changing his lifestyle and dietary choices. He has hypertension, which he has been managing, however, it would be better if he managed it by changing the mode of medication.
What actual or potential problems can you identify? Describe at least five problems and provide the rationale for each.
The problems involved include his lack of dietary discipline. The side effects of the illnesses may not be acceptable to the patient. His occupation may not allow the patient to take up a regular exercise regime. The patient has a self-concept, but is unable to apply self-control needed to regulate his weight. These problems are based on the evaluation of the patient’s lifestyle and the medication recommended for his treatment. The patient is also likely to miss some dosages due to his eating habits. They could be a mix up especially when determining exactly when he should take his medication.
Scenario three.
Imagine that a family friend or colleague has just been diagnosed with cancer. Explain how the American Cancer Society might provide education and support. What ACS services would you recommend and why?
In the event that one has an associate who is diagnosed with cancer, the first step is to learn all there is to know about the type of cancer they have. The American Cancer Society (ACS)) website provides the information. The website has a patient navigator program that provides a plan for the treatment and also information about cancer (healthypeople.gov, 2016). It has a program that provides moral support for cancer patients.
2. According to statistics published by the American Cancer Society, there will be an estimated 1.5 million new cancer cases diagnosed each year over the next decade. What factors contribute to the yearly incidence and mortality rates of various cancers in Americans? What changes in policy and practice are most likely to affect these figures over time.
Different components contribute to the pervasiveness of disease. These factors include certain genetic dispositions, lifestyle choices, such as smoking, and certain viral infections. Policies such as mandatory cancer screening every year and when applying for insurance are likely to reduce the numbers over a period of time.
3. Select a research program from among those funded by the American Cancer Society. Describe the program and discuss what impact the research will have on the prevention or treatment of cancer.
The (ACS) American Cancer Society helps patients stay healthy and fight back the illnesses. The American Cancer Society (ACS) has a funded a program that investigates the impact of behavior and the likelihood of the patients being affected by cancer ("Evidence-based oncology in cancer treatment reviews", 2003). It seeks to help people and sensitize them on the need to change their behavior to avoid getting lifestyle diseases such as cancer (Behavioral Research Center, 2016).
References
Behavioral Research Center,. (2016). Behavioral Research Center | American Cancer Society. Cancer.org. Retrieved 10 May 2016, from http://www.cancer.org/research/researchtopreventcancer/behavioral-research-center
Dixon, J., Zimmet, P., Alberti, K., & Rubino, F. (2011). Bariatric surgery: an IDF statement for obese Type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 28(6), 628-642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03306.x
Evidence-based oncology in cancer treatment reviews. (2003). Cancer Treatment Reviews, 29(1), 45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-7372(02)00130-5
Guidelines for timely medication administration. (2016). Ismp.org. Retrieved 11 May 2016, from https://www.ismp.org/newsletters/acutecare/articles/20110113.asp
George, C. (2002). Heart failure: aetiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Heart, 88(6), 567-569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heart.88.6.567
healthypeople.gov,. (2016). Cancer. Https://Www.Healthypeople.Gov/.
Sica, D. (2008). Edema Mechanisms in the Patient with Heart Failure and Treatment Options. Heart Failure Clinics, 4(4), 511-518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hfc.2008.04.002
