Question 1
Most non-governmental organizations are movements that are aimed at improving the welfare of individuals. These imply that they improve democratic conditions of the nation by either forcing the government to implement some actions or rejecting others.
Question two
On health this organizations play a large role in providing protection measures mostly through vaccination and immunization on the world’s affected region. The donation of condoms in an effort to reduce spread of HIV by these organizations is a critical example. In an effort to reduce poverty several governments seeks assistance from these organization
Question three
This is a type of government in which the power of ruling lies on very few individuals and in some case only one individual makes decisions. In these governments several systems are available that include, monarchy dictatorship, oligarchy.
Monarchy refers to a government that is headed by a king or queen and the position is hereditary. Dictatorship on the other had occurs when a certain individual forcefully takes over the government while oligarchy involves situation where the ruling is by few individuals.
Question four
Social contract is defined as an agreement between the citizen governed and the ruling government which limits and defines the duties and rights of each citizen. Social contract is expected to promote the relation between governed and the ruling government.
Citizen participation promotes the development of governed action. Social contract brings about a room for dialogues and exchange sustainable issues between the nations or citizens and the government. This helps in development and growth of the government authorities hence building future of the world.
Question five.
Government s have been said to not to be utilitarian which means that their goals and objectives are not aimed at achieving maximum welfare of their citizens. Most modern governments strive to achieve economic growth with their main goal being increasing the domestic product. For this to be achieved a lot of sacrifice has to be made by citizens and thus reduces their welfare rendering them to low utility.
Question six.
There are many political theories that explain categorization of citizens, with major categories being liberal and Marxist theories. Liberal and theories argue that the decision made by the government is actually different from the goals of citizens. Free enterprise is encouraged and it remains the major goal of the government.
Marxist theories relate the political influence with the citizen’s objectives. They argue that those in authority are directly influenced by high income earners and thus make decisions that favor the rich.
Question sevenCharacteristics of a state include territory, sovereignty, population, government, boundaries and citizen. Population the size may be either heterogeneous or homogeneous in its existence. Sovereignty state decides its individual domestic and foreign policies. Government in every state there must be a government which define and rule it’s governed. Territory of the state must be of known and recognized boundaries.
Question 8
The interest of citizens can be used by the government to make policies on how to relate with other nations. However when this is used the public might react by interfering with the productive measures and a dominance of this would lead to inefficiencies. National interest will however be used to some extend since any policy that is made by the government should be aimed at improving the welfare of citizens. Assuming that the consumers are rational and not driven by cultural beliefs then their interest will be in line with development.
The desire to maximize utility through improving social welfare should be used to drive foreign policies. This is because as citizen’s welfare increases the consumption raises that will result to the growth of the economy.
Question nineWorld government refers as the act of all human, being united under one political authority. The first objection is a realist argument; the world government governs or ideas constitute exercises in supreme thinking. It also protects ideas that impractical as a goal for social political organization.
The second is tyranny argument where by world government form an unavoidable tyranny in which the power to make the human serve their own interest while opposing the might cause nonstop civil wars. The objective is to eliminate the remoteness of some global authority which neutralizes the laws that make the ineffective hence meaningless. The contemporary liberal argument in which the supreme executive, adjudicative, legislative and enforces powers which is unnecessary when it comes to problem solving.
Question ten
Instead of using national interest world governments in future might focus on the economic improvement policies. Policies would thus be made in an effort to expand the domestic economy as this would later improve the welfare of the individual.
Currently there are several models that show the relationship to between the domestic product with the openness of the market and later have effects on the welfare of individuals.
Question eleven
Soft power refers to the attempt by the government to achieve its objectives through concise and discussion while hard power on the other hand refers to the use of force. The government forces actins through militaries and strives to win even with the resistance of the other communities. Hard copy could be used when the other parties a few corporative but suppose the other is not corporative then force has to be used.
Question twelve
The national core consists of three elements which are the national geography, people and the government. The national power in relation to other countries is majorly influenced by these elements.
The positioning of the countries location is very important in in determining its power. In addition to the location landscape, size and climatic conditions increase or reduce a countries power. The characteristics of people that involve population, age distribution, education, health and morale of individuals significantly influence power. The quality of government is in terms of administrative effectiveness as well as the leadership ability of the government officials determine the amount of power it has.
References
Ahmed, S., & Potter, D. M. (2006). NGOs in international politics. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press.
Bialos, J. P., Koehl, S., Catarious, D. M., Spaulding, S., & Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies. (2008). Ideas for America's future: Core elements of a new national security strategy. Washington, D.C: Center for Transatlantic Relations, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University
Mudhai, O. F., Tettey, W., & Banda, F. (2009). African media and the digital public sphere. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan
Nye, J. S. (2005). Power in the global information age: From realism to globalization. London: Routledge.
Walker, S. G., & Malici, A. (2011). U.S. presidents and foreign policy mistakes. Stanford, California: Stanford Security Series
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