Teaching Plan to Increase Knowledge about Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis denotes a disease characterized with reduction in bone mass. Bones become fragile, hence increasing the risk of fracture (Harris et al., 2009). There is a type I and type II osteoporosis; however, in this paper type I is of concern following condition of Ms. Young's mother. Type I osteoporosis normally affects females within the age brackets of 51-75 years. It leads to trabecular bone loss as well as cortical bone loss. Wrist and vertebral fractures are common.
Osteoporosis Risk Factors
The risk factors include Age; osteoporosis risk increases with addition f 1,4 to 1,8 age 10 years. Race; Caucasus and Asian are at high risk of osteoporosis in comparison with African race. Chronic diseases like liver disease, chronic diarrhea, kidney disease, are risk factors of osteoporosis. Other osteoporosis risk factors are smoking, physical inactivity, and genetic factors (Reginster et al., 2010).
Pharmaceutical Treatment Options
The drugs for managing osteoporosis should be taken during morning hours when the stomach is empty with eight oz glass of water. Then the patient waits for at least 30 minutes with risedronate and alendronate before eating. Osteoporosis is managed by taking Boniva at least one hour before eating anything. The bisphosphonates sides effects: do not have serious side effects, but lying down and/or eating sooner normally increases stomach upset risks.
Prevention Measures
Calcium supplements, vitamin D intake, protein intake, caffeine, alcohol and salt intake, and exercise are some of the prevention measures for osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis diagnosis majors in the evaluation or assessment of BMD (bone mineral density). Osteoporosis is described as BMD 2·5 SD or below the (T score <−2·5 SD). The recommended or preferred site for osteoporosis assessment is the proximal femur with DXA (Harris et al., 2009).
Prevention of Osteoporosis Complications
Taking caution to avoid falls may reduce fractures risks in elder people. These measures include removing loose rugs within home that may result in tripping, slipping, or falling. Provision of enough lighting within all areas around and inside the home, including stairwells reduces chances of falling. Avoiding slippery surfaces and unfamiliar places helps reduce falling. Reviewing drug regimes and visiting the doctor regularly to replace medication, which may increase falling risks (Harris et al., 2009).
References
Harris ST, Watts NB, Genant HK et al. (2009). Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and non vertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. JAMA, 282(14), 1344-52.
Reginster J-Y et al. (2010). Randomized trial of the effects risedronate on vertebral fractures in women with established postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteop Int , 11(1), 83-91.7
