PARAGRAPH 1
"Cigarette smoking, the chief avoidable cause of premature death in this country, is responsible for more than 300,000 premature deaths each year."(Letter from Otis Bowen, Secretary of Health and Human Services, to President George Bush, May 3, 1988).
In a study by Henningfield, According to the American Heart Association research, helded in 2011, almost 440,000 deaths each year in the United States are caused by smoking. It leads to lung cancer, other cancers, chronic obstructive lung disease, heart disease, troubles with pregnancy, and lots other health effects. This negative habit affects every separate system in our body and causes a huge number of major and minor symptoms and conditions (Blumenthal RS, Zacur HA,2008)
Long-term health problems connetcted with smoking are: high blood pressure, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, stroke, premature aging of the skin, coughing, shortness of breath, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease and hardening of the arteries. Approximately 49,400 passive smokers die because of heart disease or lung cancer in the United States every year due to secondhand smoke, according to the American Cancer Society. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine discovered all the smokers have more difficulties with achieving pregnancy than non-smokers and it takes longer for them to become pregnant. When at last smoking girls become pregnant and continue to smoke while pregnancy period, their babies are more risky to be born prematurely or to be low birth weight babies.( Austoni E, Mirone V.,2005) Smoking does harm almost every organ of our body and diminishes a person’s overall health. Millions of Americans have health problems caused by smoking. Summarizing all the abovementioned, the most important here is to say : "We must stop it". Otherwise, our children and next generations of youth will pay extra price for our unresponsibility. And currency here is health and what is more scarefully,life of a person. The product they will probably get — premature death. If we do not change the situation globally, we will have a very dark-clouded future for us and our children.
PARAGRAPH 2
As my personal solution i would like to mention that smoking is an avoidable cause of death. That means we are the only who decide how actually healthy we strive to be,except of situations,when small kids or juniors start smoking and parents do not even guess about that. In those cases we are responsible to take care and pay attention to our children’s activity and help them to find a way out. Smoking is a social problem, so we must solve it all together,by common efforts of protect&protest. That is not so hard to do as it seems. We just need to start from ours own. If every person says "No.I do not want to die young because of cancer" or "I do not want to have a baby with heart disease" then it is more easy to prevent even starting to smoke. Same is for protest. All the adult persons are able to organize or initiate different measures(advertising,promo),projects(health competitions), initiate new restricting laws (forbidding cigarette sales, which is the most hard to do,but giving a great positive effect) and so on. We may do everything and we have everything for that. As a proverb says : "If you have mentioned that you are a part of majority,this is a definite sign to start to change". If we keep on sleeping in nightmare, with no kind of wish to open the eyes then how may we see the sun and rainbow anyway?". So what is the way to avoid smoking? Quit smoking. But people can't quit because it's too hard – because smoking is addictive. However, smokers who truly want to quit the habit have many options for success.
PARAGRAPH 3
As a bright example i would like to speak about solving of smoking problem in Germany.
In this country tobacco advertising on TV or on the radio prohibited since 1975. And three years ago, Parliament passed amendments to the so-called "tobacco" law, which does not allow cigarette manufacturers to sponsor television programs and public events such as sporting events or concerts.
As well, during the last year the German authorities have tightened dramatically all the laws forbidding smoking in public places. A year ago, there was launched a campaign "A smoke-free."
"At the end of it more than 27,000 smokers gave up the habit"- summarized Betzig Sabine, the Authorized Representative of Germany government (Sabine Bätzing). Expert of Cancer Research Center Martina Pötschke-Langer believes that such actions should be carried out much more, since about 20 million people in Germany are still smoking. "In this case we are talking about extending the average life duration of our citizens," – highlighted Petchke-Langer.
In her turn, the Minister of Health Ulla Schmidt has pointed the importance of advocacy. So, thanks to free phone and online counseling center staff members of the Federal Educate Center for citizens on health issues, during the last few years there are around 270,000 people who have decided to stop smoking. Many of them are teenagers. As she said, young people aged 18-19 years are extremely rare to start smoking . And the one who up to this time is not addicted to smoking, is unlikely to fall into dependence on nicotine. That is a true victory.
Since 2000, the number of cigarettes smoked daily in Germany fell by a third. Many people stopped smoking because of Law,prohibiting smoking in public places, especially in restaurants, cafes and pubs, says official responsible for combating drug addiction Sabine Betzig. According to statistics, the result of this measure, 15 percent of consumers have stopped smoking tobacco products in general, and 16 percent severely restricted the consumption of cigarettes. Health authorities ban smoking in public places all over Germany, without exception,while federal land has the right to decide when and how to use prohibitive measures.
The number of smokers has decreased in Germany and for other reasons, including the rise in prices. Today, a pack of 17 cigarettes costs an average of 4 euros. In addition, manufacturers of tobacco products few years ago were obliged to put warning labels on packages of the dangers of smoking. Some policies offer the same place and still photographs to illustrate the consequences that smoking can cause. A health authorities persistently seeking to ban all tobacco advertising and remove cigarette vending machines all over the country.
References
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.(2004) The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health.
National Toxicology Program. Report on Carcinogens. Eleventh Edition.(2005) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program.
Austoni E, Mirone V, Parazzini F. (2005) Smoking as a risk factor for erectile dysfunction: Data from the Andrology Prevention Weeks 2001–2002. A study of the Italian Society of Andrology (S.I.A.). European Urology 48(5):810–818.
National Cancer Institute. (2005) Cancer Progress Report (2003). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health.
International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2002) Tobacco Smoke and Involuntary Smoking. Lyon, France:. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 83.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking (2005) (Also Known as Exposure to Secondhand Smoke or Environmental Tobacco Smoke―ETS). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment.
Hanna S-G. Fight against smoking (2013) http://www.ukrinform.ua/ukr/news/borotba_z_kurinnyam_u_nimechchini_dosvid_ta_uroki_1785574)
National Cancer Institute (published on 01/12/2011)
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Tobacco/ETS
Smoking fight in Germany (published 01/06/2008)
http://marischka.ucoz.ru/forum/60-3381-1
