Hsu-Ko Kuo, MD, MPH,* Ken Fujise, MD†, Human Papillomavirus and Cardiovascular Disease Among U.S. Women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003 to 2006,Galveston, Texas. The study and all the information was obtained from this survey.This study was purposed to make an examination of the association between cardiovascular diseases and the human papillomavirus among the unites states women. The study was from a survey that was conducted by the national health and nutrition examination survey and was conducted for a period of three years from 2003 to 2006. The research was experimental as sample of participants had to be collected and then examined. Some test was conducted in order to now the real result of the expected research. From the data and result that were collected, a lot of analysis was done and conclusions reached at in a decisive manner. The experimental designs were mainly aimed at trying to find whether there was any association between cardiovascular diseases and the HPV infection. There was some unclear information between this associationThe experiment had its own variations as it only included women from the united states and nowhere else. Also the research as only done through female participants within the age bracket of 20 to 59 years.Random type of sampling was the main mode of sampling. As noted from the results, many participants were involved by the number of participants that had the coronary artery diseases was quite so small. Also, to conduct the experiment throughout the total number 2450 women, a lot of time was required.The experimental sample was independent as it included different women all over the united states. With the participant number being 2450, the likelihood of the participating sample being dependent could be possible. Though the sample was collected only from the united states, the area of sampling is considered to be extremely large and hence the sample proved to be independent. The study was conducted to collect data from 2450 women within the united states. An age bracket of the participants was between 29 years to 59 yearsIt was noted that 60 females were diagnosed with coronary artery disease. 39 out of the total 60 were also found to be positive with DNA and HPV. Cardiovascular diseases were associated with virginal DNA and HPV presence. This number should be taken into consideration and compared to the total number of participants and sample collected.
Two questions that I would ask the researcher on the results would be: to what degree is the result and its finding considered to be accurate? Also would this study be applicable to a different geographical location, especially outside the unites sstates is no, what would it make it different form the different geographic location?If I was designing this study, by independent variable would not differ from the variable set in this study but would tend to review the age bracket that the study introduced from the age of years in the 65 years.I expect to find that some of the cardiovascular diseases in the recent times would also vary with the current lifestyle and maybe geographic locations and environment. Cardiovascular diseases can now be attributed to the current manner of lifestyle that may increase the risk of these diseases and also some environments might provide a favorable condition for this disease. With an area that the risk of being diagnosed with the cardiovascular diseases is quite high, a thorough research would be mandatory as it would shed more light to the whole research topic. Also in this situation would give a forecast of what to expect in the future and the other areas where the research would be conducted.
References
Hsu-Ko Kuo, MD, MPH,* Ken Fujise, MD† ,Human Papillomavirus and Cardiovascular Disease
Among U.S. Women in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003 to 2006
Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors, and 12-yr
cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 1993; 16:434–44.
