The paper will focus on explaining oppositional defiant disorder and psychopathology angst. The research questions are: does all adolescent have oppositional defiant disorder and what are the differences between psychopathology and normal teenage angst and how to remedy towards each differ.
American Psychiatric Association (p. 100) Oppositional defiant disorder - ODD is a recurrent pattern of defiant, negativistic, hostile, disobedient behaviors. There are various criteria for diagnosis of the ODD pattern must include irritable or angry mood, vindictiveness, defiant and argumentative behavior, it occurs with at least one individual who is regarded as a sibling, it causes severe problems in school and home, it is not the cause of another health problem and lasts at least for six months. From this definition and diagnostic orientation we can see that it is sometimes hard to separate the ODD from normal adolescent and teenage behavior since it includes the defiance, spitefulness, negativity, hostility and verbal aggression and it is the most common health disorder found in adolescents. The treatment is needed for the children with the ODD have increased risk for delinquency and substance abuse. The statistics show that between 1 to 16% of children and adolescents have ODD and it usually appears in late preschool and early school aged children. ODD affects all families, but is more often found in lower socioeconomic groups. There are various biological, psychological and social factors that cause the ODD (American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatric, 1-3). It has been shown that not all adolescent have the ODD since only a small percentage of all children suffers from it. It must be distinguished from normal defiant youth behavior. But if it’s constant and last more than 6 months, is disruptive at home and in school and directed towards the authority with previous described statistics the help should be found and diagnoses made.
The same as with the ODD also the deferring between the psychopathology, depression and angst can represent a challenge. Many mentally illnesses have similar or the same patterns as the teenage growing pains. Psychopathology is a harmful dysfunction conception affect strongly by cultural and social values. The adolescent psychopathology deals with various different disorders. Adolescents can go unnoticed because of the failure to recognize it. Teenage angst is a normal way in gaining the independence. The difference between both is in the nature, intensity, duration of the problem and severity. They can both include the same attitudes and behaviors such as decrees in the family spent time enjoying and in school performance, resistance to attending school, problems with memory and concentration, changing of energy levels, physical symptoms, sadness, anxiety, changed sleeping patterns, hopelessness, aggression, disobedience, substance abuse and others (Byrne, n.p.).
Psychopathology is set of behaviors and attitudes that represent and show the clinical evidence of psychological impairment. Aggression is the main factor that can split into conflicting behavior with authority and may result in a serious clinical diagnosis. With the presence of antisocial attitudes and behavior persists the risk of psychopathy that is one of the most serious disorders can evolve and bring the youth greater risks for criminal behavior (Delisi, Hewitt and Regoli, 138).
There are differences between psychopathology and normal teenage angst and how remedies towards each differ. The remedy is interpersonal therapy, psychotherapy with antidepressant medication or placebo treatment. There are various treatments, protocols, and therapies such as behavior modification therapy with conducting the aversion therapy or operant conditioning that is preventing the delinquency based on the psychological theory. There are many programs that include the parent training with educating them about the ways to manage and reduce the child’s behaviors. On the other side the remedy for teen angst can be talk, exercise, provide enough sleep and fix food, take a break and do not argue. It has been pointed out that those kinds of programs have small effects because of the various different reasons of causes (Delisi, Hewitt and Regoli, 134-136). Defining and separating mental illness from the children angst can be successful with the conversation and relationship parent child should be regularly carried out in order to prevent the potential of youth delinquency.
Work cited
American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatric. ODD A Guide for Families by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 2009. Web. 18 Feb. 2016. https://www.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/docs/resource_centers/odd/odd_resourc e_center_odd_guide.pdf.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4 TR. Washington, DC: Author; 2000. Print.
Byrne, Jaimie. Normal Teenage Behavior vs. Early Warning Signs of Mental Illness. 2016. Web. 18 Feb. 2016. http://www.asmfmh.org/resources/publications/normal-teenage- behaviour-vs-early-warning-signs-of-mental-illness/
Delisi, Matt, Hewitt, D. John, Regoli, M. Robert. Delinquency in Society. United States of America: Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2014. Print.
