Question 1
The recent developments in Turkey have shown the important role that the constitutional reforms will play in determining the nation’s future. The preceding mass protests in 2013 were accompanied by an influx of corruption scandals that linked with political and business icons and the judiciary. One of the political reforms that are being considered is that the politicians should show the public what they possess. The elected officials such as ministers and political party’s leaders should elect the leaders that disclose their assets to this public.
Another reform is that political ethics should be passed into law. The importance of ethics in the Turkish government is well understood. Such a political dynamics will involve progress of more accountable politics is the Turkish government. A political ethics act should be enacted to enable the integrity and ethical behavior of the members of parliament. The law will encompass vital topics such as codes of conduct, post-employment restraints, essentials to obtain contacts with the lobbyists and conflicts of interest policies.
Alternative political dynamics in the contemporary Turkey that should be considered is that the political leaders should not be given liberty after allegations of graft and corruption. Corruption crimes should be omitted from the possibility of immunity bestowed upon the members of parliament. Such actions will result in a lack of accountability and ability to deal with impunity. Therefore, the politicians should not be allowed to use their authority for their selfish interest to allow the decrease in graft claims.
Question 2
Zanotti (2015) asserts that the key economic drivers in Turkey such as private consumption allowed the Turkey economic growth to rise to nearly 4.2% in 2015. The real wage, a significant decrease in oil prices, the wealth influence from the currency depreciation and the migration of the immigrants from Syria contributed to the current private consumption. The government back-up progressed to allow economic growth, but the private investment remained ineffective despite a weak business environment. Moreover, the local currency depreciation against the major world currencies obliged a preference of domestic product to the foreign ones, and this contributed to a decrease in imports and a positive effect on the net exports in 2015. The private consumption has a higher possibility to affect the economic growth in 2016. Lira depreciation will result in restrictive balance sheets and increase the debt service burdens of the corporate industry. However, Zanotti (2015) contends that the relying factor is the private investment and prevalent presumption of the decreasing institutional quality and business environment.
Technology development has become an emerging trend in Turkey. The need by the several industries is the country for sophisticated technologies has demanded more technological innovation. The revolutionary banking sector has been characterized by the application of mobile devices to access the bank accounts. Nonetheless, the Turkish people have found it convenient to buy products from the various online shops. Currently, the fastest growing sectors are the mobile and e-commerce. Nevertheless, a strong telecommunications infrastructure and a large market to invest into, Turkey viewed as a regional and international innovation destination.
Question 3
Zanotti (2015) describes that the Turkish leadership views that the Brotherhood isn’t worse at the regional level about the Egyptian government. The government perceives such support as an incline to the power of the Islamic movements as a chance for the Justice and Development party to grow as a leader of modern Turkey and the post-revolutionary Arab region. The other outcome is that Turkey becomes a dominant responsibility in regional politics by accommodating the head office of the Muslim Brotherhood’s worldwide organization in the condition that the Justice and Development Party, under the leadership of Erdogan, remains in power.
Turkey has bolstered relations with Russia, US, Iran, Egypt and the Gulf countries on energy, trade and defense aspects. Though such future social orientation might affect the Western liberal norms and this may insight those in these countries. Zanotti (2015) addresses that Turkey foreign policies appear to face a threat. The degree to which the strategic and practical coordination with other North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) members will carry on is not clear because it conflicts with the U.S policies internationally.
References
Zanotti, J. (2015). TURKEY: BACKGROUND AND US RELATIONS*. Current Politics and Economics of the Middle East, 6(1), 131.
