Description of FST Value
The Fst value in genetics provides the benchmark and information within a population, indicating their ability to breed. Through comparisons of gene frequency of scientists and applications of mathematical models, then the level of breeding between populations can be determined using the value. The calculated value of a potential of breeding among a population provides the information for establishing the FST component of the genetic makeup of the population.
The numerical distance between populations, breeding, and the genetic association represents the fixation value. When the fixation distance between the populations are wider, then the reproduction potential is also significantly lower (Bowcock et al., 840). Therefore, the wider or larger the distance, the lower the breeding between the populations. Also, it shows and proves a greater isolation. The resulting calculation of the distance of genetic makes up of a population is what is scientifically referred to as gene fixation or FST valuation of a breed. The value has the significant association and has a representation of the allele differences measured and computed within a population.
The value indicating Fixation varies depending on the close or the wider relationship between or among a population. It ranges from 0 to 1 with 0 valuations indicating that the population has complete sharing of materials in the gene and 1 showing that the genetic material has no close exchange between the population. Scientifically, it is explained that when populations show the FST value is at one, then the populations are referred to as fixed. In cases where populations have fixation, then it represents genetic information showing that they do not breed with one another as they share no allele. In regards to breeding, they are not in a position of interbreeding as they have complete genetic isolation.
Scientific analysis of gene fixation has proved that the values do not rise as high as 1. The reasons given to this area because the calculations are used for establishing the potentials for breeding within a population. However, practically the potential for breeding within a population are always present. In present case scenarios, maybe the breeding may have seized, but their genetic distance can show that the population can have some form of breeding hence allele association can not represent complete isolation.
The FST value of which are lower indicate that the population shares a higher breeding potential. When the value ranges towards zero, then it indicates a greater relationship of a population. Genetics has shown that mammal fixation range between 0 to 0.25. Interestingly, most of the values range towards zero, indicating the perfect potential for breeding and significantly low isolation within the population. Also, the values in the mammal population towards the high end show that separation exists between the breeds (Relethford, 54). Humans have undergone finer evolution; hence, their genetic makeup is closely related compared to chimpanzees. The findings justify, the similar genetic makeup of humans compared to the chimpanzees.
Low FST of Cubans and Puerto Ricans
The history of the origin of the people of the island provides a significant component in their low FST values. History studies indicate that about 60% of the population carry their origin from Native America. However, analysis of the Y chromosome of the men has documented 0% took paternal lineages with 80% presenting the European linkage. Most of the people of the two islands. The average people from the islands carry mixed genotypes with 65% West Eurasian, 12% Native American and 20% sub-Sahara Africa. The mixed DNA of the people contributes significantly to the high potential of breeding and the closeness of their allele (Choudhry, 653). The explanation could provide a significant contribution to the low FST of the inhabitants.
Works cited
Bowcock, Anne M., et al. "Drift, admixture, and selection in human evolution: a study with DNA polymorphisms." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 88.3 (1991): 839-843 Print.
Choudhry, Shweta, et al. "Population stratification confounds genetic association studies among Latinos." Human genetics 118.5 (2006): 652-664 Print.
Relethford, John H. "Craniometric variation among modern human populations." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 95.1 (1994): 53-62 Print.
