Question 1
According to the available literature, the Spanish language is not as clear as it was intended. This is because numerous languages of the world have influenced the Spanish language accordingly. Moreover, the Spanish language has witnessed radical evolution due to emerging changes in the world. During the initial stages, the Spanish language was pure; however, other languages have systematically influenced the modern Spanish language used in United States of America and Latin America. For instance, the word pensabas has been influenced by American language and changed to pensas (Penny 89).
Question 2
Some of the commonly known cultures that have influenced the Spanish language include the Latin, Ladino, Australian, Romanian, Italian, and the English Language Culture. Other cultures that have assumed a critical role in shaping Spanish language are Iberian Peninsula and Catalan culture. Some of the renowned words borrowed from other languages include muere, muerte, tierra, piedra, fuego, fiebre, hijo, hacer, echo, and ileno among others.
Question 3
The Jews were expelled from Spain by the catholic monarch in 1492 because catholic monarchs wanted to spread religious teachings using the Spanish language. On the contrary, the Jew wanted to train the Jewish culture to the local people. This means reasons that led to the expulsion of Jew in Spain were not only based on religion and racism, but also other factors such as dominance. The expulsion of Jewish in Spain led to intensive expansion of Spanish language and Christianity. Moreover, studies account that the expulsion of Jews in Spain relates to enslavement and extermination of indigenous people in Latin America (Ostler 23).
Question 4
Some of the commonly known outcome of imposition of Castilian-Spanish as an official language was the increase in dominance of Spanish language in numerous countries. The repression of other languages in Franco’s Spain also helped in the spread of Spanish language in other countries. On the other hand, Franco managed to attain its goals due to its mastery and consistent use of the Spanish language.
Question 5
The reading and understanding of human progress, the Indians and Howard Zinn Columbus will be extremely effective in facilitating the understanding of Spanish language. Moreover, the knowledge on human progress and Indian culture will be essential in facilitating efficiency in primary and university education. The main point in the reading Howard zinn Columbus is the importance of using a common language and culture. The inclusion of human progress in the title emphasises on the importance of teamwork and human development.
Question 6
The Spanish language commonly uses phonology linguistic features. In pronouncing most of their words, the Spanish merges most of their words to enhance the language flow. Spanish language is also identified for using intensive and systemic grammar and vocabularies. An example of code switching in Spanish language is mucho muy. Some of the commonly renowned borrowing and semantic expression in Spanish language entail significāre and lleno respectively. In most cases, language evolves through consistent interaction and cultural exchange. This means that businesses and cultural activities play an essential role in language development.
Question 7
Standard variety entails promoted and selected language that is used in schools, quasi-legal authorities and other social institutions. Spanish institutions have so far introduced an effective model that strictly adheres to standard variety. At present, the Spanish standard variety has positive and encouraging impact in language development (McWhorte 67).
Question 8
Some examples of Creole language include Africa-America, Vernacular English, Koineization, and West Africa Pidgin English. The development of Creole languages is attributable to the emergence of various socio-economic and political factors that include business activities, globalisation, and technological development. The Creole languages are formed through the integration of different languages. The differences between the rise of Castilian/Spanish and Cociopol status is based on the fact that Castilian/Spanish is a continuous process that involves intensive interaction while Cociopol status does not involve intensive interaction. In future, Castilian/Spanish and Cociopol status is likely to become a global state of affair.
Works Cited
McWhorter, John. The Power of Babel: A Natural History of Language. New York, NY: Perennial. 2003. Print
Ostler, Nicholas. Empires of the World: A Language History of the World. New York, NY: Harper Collins Publishers. 2005. Print
Penny, Ralph. A History of the Spanish Language, 2nd ed. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. 2002. Print
