The telecommunication industry has devised different ways of sending information from one point to another. The optical telecommunication systems use light as media of sending information while the radio communication systems use radio signals. The duplex communication system allows people to send information on both sides simultaneously.
The hypertext transfer protocol is a transfer technology used over the internet to send unencrypted data. Transferring of encrypted data is done through the secure hypertext transfer protocol (https). The secure hypertext transfer protocol reduces chances of people eavesdropping or reading the message transmitted over the internet. The web developer uses the file transfer protocol (ftp) to send data on online servers. The FTP will help greatly whenever the need arises to upload developed systems to the World Wide Web. The https protocol will be of great help when working with a secure system that sends sensitive data like banking systems (Rainer and Cegielski, 2011). The access of these systems will always be done using the https without any exception on anybody within the company.
There are two major types of networks; the local area networks and wide area network. The wide area network is a network that connects different local area networks over the internet. The local area network is a network connection created to connect machines and servers within an organization. People outside the organization cannot access a local area network because of the restriction through the internet protocol address and organization firewalls. Individuals outside the organization through the World Wide Web can access the wide area network. The local area network is easier to secure from intruders or hackers because the hacker must access the organization machines or servers from within the physical surrounding. The local area network can be owned by one organization while the wide area network can be an interconnection of multiple telecommunications company.
The Ethernet protocol transfers data over the data link layer in forms of frames. The frames have a source and destination address that determine where the data is sent. Error checking is carried in Ethernet protocol through a checksum sent together with the frames. The TCP/IP protocol is the main communication protocol over the internet. The protocol is made up of seven layers that are eventually grouped into two layers. The upper layer specializes in dividing messages into packets while assembling them on arriving at their destination. The TCP/IP works as a package with other file transfer protocols such as the Telnet, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - SMTP (Rainer and Cegielski, 2011).
The client server computing architecture is a computing architecture where one computer holds resources like applications that are shared over a network. The client machine is installed with some applications and connected to the same network with the server to access its services. The server has a higher processing capability and it can receive requests from multiple clients simultaneously. In the peer-to-peer network architecture, every machine acts as a client and server. The machines can send and receive requests over the network. Installation of software in every machine of the network is done to enable them communicate or share workload. In the peer-to-peer communication, all machines can have the same processor speed or some can have high speed to help the weak machines in carrying out their tasks.
Concisely, the knowledge on peer-to-peer and server to client communication will be of great help in the future in designing networks for clients. During the design period, the server machine will have higher processing speed than the clients’ machines.
References
Rainer, R. Kelly, and Casey G. Cegielski. Introduction to information systems. 3rd ed. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley ;, 2011. Print.
