The book Communist Manifesto, written by the controversial Karl Marx in the year 1848 was also helped by Friedrich Engels in the writing and editing, become a political manuscript that was very influential. The book’s main argument is on an advanced analytical approach that focuses on capitalism problems and class struggle in the general society and also politics. The manifesto includes four sections that are comprehensive. In the very first, the relationship involving bourgeoisie and proletariats is discussed and also Communists’ theory involving history. The second subsequent section, the connection is explained between Communists and proletarians. Third section then addresses flaws existing in other socialist literature. In the final section, the relationship of other parties and Communists is discussed.
It tries explaining communism objectives and also the theory involving the movement of communist. The book argues that, lower class exploitation and also hierarchical class struggles are the main stirring factors behind the developments that lead to the attainment of the communist movement. Marx maintained that he established socialism brand differed from others; the reason being it was scientifically based on the historical study, which was a constant change process and transformed according to him. The Manifesto by Marx argues that the said development is unavoidable, and that the structure of capitalism therefore is intrinsically unstable. The Communists propose to endorse this revolution, therefore promoting the associations and parties moving history to its sufficiently natural conclusion. The argument is that the removal of the social classes will not be achieved by change and reforms in government, but rather using of a revolution to achieve it.
The reason for his argument is depicted from the industrial society that entails serious class conflicts between proletariat who are the wage labourers and the bourgeoisie, who are the owners and employers. The continued and ever rising conflict between them is due to the social divide, exploitation and structural hierarchy established by people’s wealth and social ranking. According to Marx, the capitalism productive forces are rapidly stopping to be attuned with this manipulative relationship and thus, those in the lower class or the proletariat in society will actively spearhead a revolution special from the previous revolutions. Under industrialization, production means and exchange which usually drive this particular process of change and expansion have established a newfangled subordinate urban society class whose destiny is significantly attached to the bourgeoisie’s. This social class is the particular industrial proletariat, also known as working class. These particular workers have seriously been exploited by the development of capitalism therefore obliged to trade their labour efficiently to the society’s bourgeoisie, a reality that affronts them largely to the heart of their survival as they remember those employees of past ages who possessed and sold effectively what they particularly created.
Modern industrial human resources are badly subjugated and oppressed by the uncaring bourgeoisie and strategically required to compete among one another. Even after all that hard work and competition among each other, what they get is an ever-shrinking income while the production means becomes more sophisticated. Since his argument was correct and applied to the ruling elite, the year 1848 experienced the revolutionary wave in Europe beginning in France. However, this had nothing to do with the influential communist manifesto by Marx. This reveals the truth of his theories and further makes them certain in the modern context which has seen numerous revolutions in many countries. Because the manifesto was valid and those in power feared for the worst such as a revolution, traditional authorities took action against the book’s authors. This led to the arresting and expulsion from Belgium, France and Germany of Marx and also his dear wife. They also suppressed the daily newspaper that was published by Marx.
Marx tries to effectively demonstrate that Communists aim to endorse this said a revolution in near times and will encourage the associations and parties moving history to this seen natural end. The abolition of social structured classes in the current society will only be attained by the revolutions as demonstrated by Marx so that society can be emancipated from the chains of this division. The government’s changes and reforms are only prone to fail and in a way will result to just empowering those in the upper class but not those in the lower class. Perhaps, the most imperative of these demonstrations and concepts is the existing theory that talks about historical materialism. It demonstrates that the historical changes are driven by combining actors trying to grasp their optimal economic objectives. This therefore consecutively results to class struggles whereby one political and also economic order is effectively replaced and changed by another.
In his book, he categorically describes the communists’ position in relation also to the diverse opposition parties. He briefly shows their stand on the struggles in explicit countries in 19th century entailing Germany, France, Poland and Switzerland declaring Germany to be on its eve of a revolution. He also predicted that in the near future a world uprising and revolution will happen. The book then declares an association with the other active social democrats and backing up communist revolutions and inviting the proletarians to relevant action. His main goal was to urge the entire workers in the world to join together in efforts of owning a revolution. Political alliances and social relationships in production relation, is one of his major doctrines in his theory. Relations of societal production hugely rely on a particular society’s production mode, or also the labour division and an ownership economic organization. He demonstrated that a person’s doings, outlook and attitudes of a particular society and also that person’s loyalty, politics and feel of sufficient collective belonging. Are obtained from his or her locality in the effective relation of production per say.
The relevance of his works in society can be seen to imply to the hierarchical setting of society. Only two social classes require observance in the consistent modern societal melodrama, being the capitalists and also the proletarians. The oppressors in society and the subsequent oppressed in society will face off soon enough in a serious battle which will choose the real destiny of humans. This significantly will cleanse the social fabric and eliminate the oppression and social classes, vanquishing the bad and inhuman way of life. Capitalism consequently will collapse effectively as a mode of civilization and communism will be embraced as the better option. Since capitalism is usually the norm in many societies and its implications are dire to the ordinary in society. It is evident that the rules, laws and policies that are set out in the society usually are meant to control the poor and make sure that they remain in that state while only favouring the upper classes. This trend causes a sense of bitterness to the majority who are in the lower class and with a trigger event all hell will break loose and lead to a serious revolution. In Egypt for example, the society was tired of a dictatorial system and revolted against the system overpowering the existing head of state. The mass usually has the authority to cause effectual change, but if only they want to.
The Manifesto of the communist concludes by discussing on the function of the Communists when working with other relevant parties and supposes that the ruling class will shake and tremble from the communist revolution. This manifesto is effectively able to well explain trends in modern society, more than sociologists and economists can. The social divide in today's world is reflected also in recurrent economic crisis, war, hunger and grim poverty of many. While on the perceived other side, overproduction and a lavish lifestyle in noticed. The book therefore is significantly crucial as a warning tool for those in the upper class and manipulating those in the lower class. It specifically warns on the nature of the action to be rapidly taken against the oppressive and liberate those belonging to the lower class. The whole communist manifesto also helps in the way modern politics have changed regarding human rights and social equity and justice. Although capitalism is the order of the day, Marx book inspired many young leaders with the aim of bringing sanity to the society and politics and has enabled many nations initiate revolutions and warn other leaders for a coming world revolution. Marx ideas have been used in making policies, other political manifestos and also encourage the oppressed of emancipation.
Bibliography
Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. The communist manifesto. Yale University Press, 2012.
Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. The Communist manifesto: a road map to history's most important political document. Haymarket Books, 2005.
Engels, Friedrich, and Karl Marx. The Communist Manifesto. Penguin UK, 2004.
Spalding, Roger. "The Communist Manifesto." HISTORY REVIEW (2000): 8-11.
Rostow, Walt Whitman. The stages of economic growth: A non-communist manifesto. Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Marx, Karl. Das Kapital: A critique of political economy. Edited by Friedrich Engels. Gateway Editions, 1961.
