Question 1
A
The lifestyle and diet of the ancestors who lived during the Paleolithic period were simple kind of life. The great ancestors greatly depended on hunting and gathering and so the main source of their diets was the meat that they hunted from the forests from and the fruits and vegetables that they gathered. The main activities of the great ancestors were to depend entirely on the game from the wild. When it comes to the vegetation, the great ancestors depended on some sort of wild fruits, roots and tubers that were not poisonous to them. The great ancestors had a very simple kind of life and this included living in small groups or rather a nuclear kind of family set up. This included living in simple structures and simple sheds.
B
The hunters and gathers formed egalitarian tribes that equally shared foods and resources some of the factors that led to the formation of such forma; structures included the following: there was a need to have reinforcement during hunting and so the groups that hunted together made it easier and more efficient. The formation of such groups was also very important in terms of enhancing the security of the whole tribe. In addition, there was a need to ensure that there was some sort of order and identity and so the tribes played a very important role in this.
C
The Neolithic period is marked by the emergence of agricultural mode of production. What were some new types of health hazards from many people living in close proximity?
The major health hazard was the contamination of some of the waterborne and bacterial diseases like typhoid and cholera since there was no proper disposal of wastes and so all these streamed into the water resources.
Question 2
A
The lifespan of nobles and peasants were not very different prior to 1750Variegation procedure against small pox. The variation procedure was simple. The medicine was applied orally unto the people.
B
Compare the morality rates due to smallpox in Europe and America between before and after the application of variolation. The morality rates were very high before the application of variolation and decreased significantly during and after the application of variolation.
C
Economists have diversified their view on health. Escaping from a nutritional trap makes a person to get good health because they get many nutrients from the foods that they eat. Nutrition closes a person in and limits their source because they will get little nutrients from the limits that nutrition has for them. They consider aspect such as BMI and other anthropometric measurements in making decisions.
D
The slums have major issue that lead to hazards. Overcrowding leads to the outbreak of diseases and complications such as cholera and other ailments. Other health hazards include lack of proper and affordable medication in the slum area. Other problems include lack of proper drainage and sanitary conditions. A combination of this scenarios helps in making life in the slums a health hazards.
Question 3
A
B
The hazards that existed include biological, nuisance and environmental exposure to hazardous materials. Biology degrades health in that some of the people’s biological traits make them vulnerable to certain health conditions. Nuisance can result from negligence that exposes man to agents that cause disease. Environmental hazards such as chemicals cause a deteriorating health for example lead.
C. The policies are environmental, national and institutional. They aim at making the right way for curbing the problems that face people within the environment.
D
The removal of inequalities makes inequalities in health to be reduced because every citizen will cater for their own medication and get the required medical attention. The sharing of knowledge makes the people to get the best of what the society provides in terms of medicine and medicinal expertise. The move will reduce the inequalities by a greater percentage.
