Microevolution is the way in which individual traits change overtime within a certain population. For a population to revolutionize, some things must just be assumed to be true. In simple terms, there must be some processes involved that in the long run will cause microevolution. Microevolution mainly occurs due to the presence variations. Variations among individuals normally take place in what is referred to as the gene pool of the population. Genetic pool is the compilation of the genetic information of all individuals within a certain population. No two individuals in a population have the similar blend of genes, some genes may be found in different forms called alleles. Microevolution is made possible due to the fact that there is a tendency of individuals to pass on these alleles to the succeeding individuals (Hendry & Kinnison 2-3).
Macroevolution in contrast is the evolutionary process in the majestic scale; and it is mostly studied using fossil records. Macro evolutionary processes may take millions of years to occur, its outcome normally produce major groups or even bring about mass extinction. Speciation is normally the traditional dividing line between macroevolution and microevolution.
Notably, evolution can take place following different processes or rather patterns. Evolution can occur by means of natural selection, in this process the best adapted individuals within a population generate most offspring, and this offspring will carry on the genes that gave their parents an upper edging, this concern has been expressed (Darwin, 5). Genetic drift may bring evolution in the sense that it is normally by chance that a certain allele survives and carried to the next generation.
Evolution can also be fueled by means of gene flow or migration, when gene flow takes place new gene materiel is carried to a new population hence causing evolution. Gene mutation due to some internal or external factors in an n individual can lead to evolution in the long run. Transformation of an organisms DNA can impact all phases of its life, from its physical appearance to how the individual behaves hence evolution.
There has been lots of debate among the evolutionary biologist on how new and distinct body forms arise. Despite the argument, no single biologist has ever disputed the significance of natural selection in the all process, in concurrence with isolation mechanism; it affects the genetic disparity in populations. All parties acknowledge the likelihood of other biological mechanisms affecting the emergence of new distinct morphological features among individuals.
In evolutionary biology, the main issue is how and to what extend does natural selection and other micro evolutionary processes bring about evolution in the end. Speciation is the means by which one or more species arise from a common for bearer or ancestor, macroevolution, refers to the process of evolution above the species level. It involves variation in higher Taxa such as new phyla or genera.
Genetic variation explains the existence of naturally occurring dissimilarity in the midst of individuals of same species. The existence of variation is normally considered an advantage, because it is a form of grounding for environmental changes. Genetic variation between and within a population is as the result of the interaction of the various evolutionary forces acting concurrently.
In conclusion, micro and macroevolution evolution are continuous processes, governed by the same mechanism operating at the different levels of the organization within a particular population. Only that macroevolution is normally the evolution developing above the species level including extinction. The various forces act simultaneously within and between populations to bring about evolution.
Works Cited
Darwin, Charles. Charles Darwin's Natural Selection: Being the Second Part of His Big Species
Book Written from 1856 to 1858. Cambridge University Press, 1987. Print.
Hendry, A P, and M T. Kinnison. Microevolution: Rate, Pattern, Process. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 2001. Print.
