Essay Questions
Essay #1
Just-noticeable difference (JnD) is a marketing concept that aims at sustaining proper price and quality for commodities. Therefore, it is an extremely significant element to any marketer. It aids in setting up necessary marketing principles for a product through accurate consideration and representation of various factors that may influence the market of a product. For example, a chocolate manufacturer may consider this element to make outstanding presentation about the product on pricing, packaging, and promotional claims in times when ingredient and material costs rise as well as increase in competition.
In most cases, packaging of a product determines its attractiveness to customers. With the rising costs for ingredients and materials the company could have used necessary JnD principles which define the significance of packages in marketing. Under high operational costs the manufacturer has to maintain high quality of the chocolate bars they manufacture. This means that customers should be able to identify themselves with the chocolate.
High cost of production indicates that the economic status is not extremely pleasant. Therefore, even customers are ready to settle for a lower utility. In this case, the manufacturer should maintain his packaging style but he may choose to sell his products in low quantities (Nancarrow, Wright, & Brace,1998).This strategy alone may bring massive benefits to the company for a couple of reasons.
Small quantities are fundamentally easy to package. Following the high cost of packaging materials it will be cheaper to design small packages. The price for small packages is not equal to the price of large packages. The company will have a chance to pack small sizes of high quality at low price, which may be affordable to most people. This would be a reliable strategy to become outstanding against any form of competition since it has a chance to attract an extensive number of customers and sustain them in its business (Nancarrow, Wright, & Brace,1998).
Essay #2:
According to the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs this headline is classified in the self-actualization level. Looking at the words used in this headline the hierarchy will automatically be revealed. The term stunning means an excessively attractive object. In this case, the viewer would wish to see this camera since he or she must feel the creativity that has been used to develop this camera. “all photo sessions” is a representation of the camera as a problem solving object. Thus the headline fits in the self-actualization hierarchy (Goodman, 1968).
Buoyancy instilling camera for clean and sharp photos
This headline is in the esteem hierarchy (Goodman, 1968). The term buoyancy is another word for confidence. The aim of this hierarchy is to ensure that any headline instills confidence to the user. For this camera, clean and sharp traits of its photos are good representations of the elements that the user may require to confidently take photos without fear of shooting low quality photos.
Finally a safe digital camera is in town with higher mega pixel and longer life
This is categorized in the safety hierarchy (Goodman, 1968). It should be the aim of the manufacturer to produce an element that is safe to the body of the user as well as people around him or her. This camera has been considerate of this factor by developing a safe camera as indicated in the headline. The longer life term may indicate the proficiency used in developing the digital camera to ensure it serves the customer without any harm.
Essay #3
PANAS (positive-affect-negative-affect) Scale
This scale contains several words that describe various emotions and feelings. Read each of the items and list the number from the scale below to each word. Indicate the extent to which you feel this way at the moment or immediately you received your BB results.
Scoring Instructions:
Positive Effect Score: Add the scores on items 1, 3, 5, 7, With higher scores representing higher levels of positive affect. Negative Effect Score: Add the scores on items 2, 4, 6, 8, with lower scores representing Lower levels of negative affect.
Personal views about the scale
This is an extremely significant scale to use in this case. Looking at the words chosen for the scale, they are words that are creatively chosen to suit how different people may describe their feelings after the examination (Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). The first four elements are positive which may be used for any student who feels he or she passed the exam. The other four elements are representation for students who feels they did not perform accordingly. The scale would be extremely vital not only to students who use it to evaluate their position but to teachers who will easily identify the students who feel that they did not do their best in the exam and if given a chance can perform exceedingly well in exams which are to come in future. Since this is a mid-term exam, with this evaluation, teachers will assist the students to avoid this performance in the final exam.
References
Nancarrow, C., Wright, L. T., & Brace, I. (1998). Gaining Competitive Advantage From Packaging And Labelling In Marketing Communications. British Food Journal, 100(2), 110-118.
Goodman, R. A. (1968). On The Operationality Of The Maslow Need Hierarchy. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 6(1), 51-57.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development And Validation Of Brief Measures Of Positive And Negative Affect: The PANAS Scales.. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
