PART 1
Delivery Delay
One of the risk categories that is related to freight transportation is transport can easily be interrupted when the weather is not favorable. During winter seasons rivers and lakes freeze thus the services are likely to be interrupted for several months. Drought conditions on the other hand can also interrupt the transport since the water levels are likely to be lowered thus restricting the flow of traffic. Generally weather is a major risk factor to this mode of transport (Novack, 2011).
Product Loss
The second risk category is spilling of dangerous oils in the seas and oceans during transportation. This causes environmental damage that affects hundreds of animals. Some of the animals in the sea are already endangered thus being put at this risk is even more dangerous. Many fishermen also end up losing their jobs since the fish get intoxicated (Novack, 2011).
These risks can be mitigated by carrying out more research to ensure that the sea men are aware of the risks before getting on board. There are no modal considerations that play a role.
PART 2
Customs-Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT) and the Container Security Initiative (CSI) were formed in response to the increased terrorists smuggling weapons through the ocean containers. The CSI was implemented to screen containers that had the highest risk in sea ports. The C-TPAT was implemented to improve security in the supply chain globally and in the sectors that are private. The C-TPAT and CSI hold hearings concerning terrorist threats. They have been successful so far in carrying out their work. However they can be improved in a number of ways. They include such as making sure that the security profiles are certified, expansion of their scope and volume, making the requirements of the policing tool formalized and developing a communication platform that is secure (Novack, 2011).
Reference
Novack, C. (2011). Transportation: A Supply Chain Perspective. South Western: Cengange
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