The paper provides statistical analysis for Lewinsohn, Rohde, & Seeley (2008) ‘Treatment of Adolescent Depression: Frequency of Services and Impact on Functioning in Young Adulthood’, and Olfson, Huang et al (2010) in the article ‘Study: Use of antipsychotics climbs in privately insured preschoolers’ articles.
Lewinsohn, Rohde, & Seeley (2008) article, “Treatment of Adolescent Depression: Frequency of Services and Impact on Functioning in Young Adulthood”, refers to other prior studies. Firstly, the study by Beardslee et al (cited in Lewinsohn, Rohde, & Seeley, 2008) indicates that the rates of treatment in depressive disorders range from 15% to 65%. Secondly, Kovacs et al (Lewinsohn, Rohde, & Seeley, 2008) indicates that mostly used method for treatment of adolescent or child depression is outpatient. Research has proposed a variety of treatments for depressive disorders based on different etiological theories. However, interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are adolescent depression treatments based on evidence (Kazdin cited in Caporino, 2008). Caporino (2008) suggest that understanding the reasons that makes treatment acceptable to patients is essential in determining its utilization rates. Kazdin (cited in Caporino, 2008) found that 70% of adolescents and children with mental problems to not receive health care. Iin addition, 40-60% of those seek therapy terminate it prematurely. Leslie, Rosenheck, and Horwitz (2001) study showed that, in 1996, out patients’ males were 60.9%, and females 39.1%, while inpatients males contributed to 51.5%, and females 48.5%. In 1996, the study showed that 60.6% of male participants received outpatient treatment. In addition, it also established that inpatient treatments were well distributed with gender. The study shows that inpatients treatments declined by 38.6% for the between 1993 and 1996. On the other hand, outpatient treatments declined by 30.63%. However, there was decline in the uses of the services.
According to Olfson, Huang et al. (2010) in the article Study: Use of antipsychotics climbs in privately insured preschoolers does not provide previous research on the subject. However, the author acknowledges the increasing evidence for the prescription of antipsychotic medications to young children, such as in Medicaid programs. Studies by Olfson, Blanco, Liu, Moreno, and Laje (2006) prescription of antipsychotic medications to participants below 20 years had increased. In this case, 9.2% and 18.3% of mental health and psychiatrist visits were prescribed antipsychotic medications. The results of the study concluded that there was a sharp increase in antipsychotic treatments on office based practice among children and adolescent. In addition, the use of second generation antipsychotic medications was highly prescribed.
Cooper, Arbogast, Ding, Hickson, Fuchs, and Ray (2006) study indicates an increase in the prescription of antipsychotic medications from 8.6% to 39.4% per 1000 United States children in the period 1995-1996 and 2001-2002. However, the increases was noted for all the ages of children.
Ghalili and Ostrow (2008) suggested two roles for learning statistics in nursing. These include the acquisition of knowledge and skills in statistics for analyzing findings in nursing studies, and acquisition of knowledge and skills essential for developing and implementing evidence based projects. Other roles of studying statistics include acquiring practical experience on the usage of statistical tools and statistical software. In addition, it is essential in interpreting statistical information accurately. Health information in most cases is explained using statistics. This requires nurses to understand basic concepts in statistics. Heavy (2011) asserts that statistics improves nursing care.
References
Caporino, N. (2008). The acceptability of treatments for adolescent depression to a multiethnic sample of girls. Retrieved from http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/query.cgi?field_1=lname&value_1=Caporino&field_2=fname&value_2=Nicole&advanced=1.
Cooper, W.O., Arbogust, P.G., Ding, H., Hickson, G. B., Fuchs, C. & Ray, W.A. (2006). Trends in prescribing of antipsychotics medications for US children. Ambulatory Pediatrics, 6,79-83.
Ghalili, R. A., & Ostrow, C. L. (2008). Using excel to teach statistics in graduate advanced nursing programs. Journal of Nursing education, 48(2),106-110.
Heavy, E. (2011). Statistics for nurses: A practical approach.Ontario: Jones & Bartlett.
Leslie, D. L., Rosenheck, R.A., & Horwitz,S.M. (2001). Patterns of mental health care utilization in a privately insured population. Health Care Services Research, 36(1), 11- 127.
Lewinsohn, P. M., Rohde, P., & Seeley, J. R. (1998). Treatment Of Adolescent Depression: Frequency of Services And Impact on Functioning In Young Adulthood. Depression and Anxiety, 7, 47- 52
Olfson, Huang et al. (2010). Use of antipsychotics climbs in privately insured preschoolers. Child and Adolescent pharmacology Update, 12(3),6-7.
Olfson, M., Blanco, C., Liu, L., Moreno, C., & Laje, G. (2006). National trends in outpatient treatments of children and adolescents with antipsychotic drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 63, 679-685.
Pagano, R. R. (2008). Understanding statistics in behavioral sciences. New York: Cengage Learning.
