Climate Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Literature Review

Adapting to climate change is not limited to environmental issues but rather on the policies developed by the legal instruments, socially responsible business, scientific research as well as awareness creation. The United States has already started on adapting its institutions on climate change vulnerability through conventions and National Adaptation Summits as well as being signatories to international MEA’s (Multilateral Environmental Agreements) such as the Kyoto Protocol as well as Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(karl, Melillo and Peterson, 2009). This shows that the issue is not only experienced at a regional level but on the global spectrum as well. ...

Introduction

The Philippines is among the most vulnerable third world countries to climate change. The impacts in the country range from extreme weather and periodic inundation to drought and food scarcity. According to the World Bank, Philippine is experiencing these effects. Climate models on the case of Philippines show that global warming might exceed the projected 2 0 C projection and possibly 4 0 C by 2060 causing severe impacts (Philander, 2012). According to World Bank, Philippine is directly exposed to multiple climate related hazards like typhoons, floods, droughts and landslides. According to the IPCC Third Assessment Report, Philippine experienced ...

There are numerous threats to the fragile ecosystem of Earth; one of the most debated theories is that of Global warming. This paper is on findings and information collected over past years and results of Global warming on this planet. We will discuss the Causes, Effects as well as Positives from Global Warming. Through the years strange changes have occurred in nature and the atmosphere, these include ice caps rapidly melting and holes occurring in the ozone. In order to solve these mysteries scientists from around the world conduct studies to determine if the threat of global warming is ...

1.0 The Company and Its Products
Royal Dutch Shell PLC (Shell) is a public limited company, founded in 1907 as the Royal Dutch/Shell Group and registered in England and Wales with headquarters in The Hague, the Netherlands (Shell, 2014a, p. 9). After it was renamed in 2005, Shell became the single parent company of two publicly-traded subsidiaries: the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company (RDPC) and The “Shell” Transport and Trading Company (TSTTC) (later renamed as The Shell Transport and Trading Company Limited). RDPC handles upstream and downstream production activities, while TSTTC handles transportation and trading.
In the upstream segment, the ...

Literature Review

Tourism’s basic purpose is to visit other places, cultures, traditions and expand one’s experience of the world. That is why Murphy (2013) argued that tourism is natural renewable resource industry in which visitors visit only to admire. However, tourism is so popular that this industry is producing 5% of the world GDP currently (“United Nations Environment Programme,” 2014). Hence, with the growing amount of money in tourism, the tourism industry is becoming recklessly extravagant when it comes to exploiting resources and harming the planet. But in tourism, sustainability is important to avoid noxious effects on people, environment ...

Amongst the biggest problems that are being recognized is the phenomenon of global warming. This is an alarming issue for the environmentalists as they believe that the sustainability, worse yet, the livability of the planet is at stake because of it. Because of the economic and industrial conditions of the planet, the climate of the earth is changing rapidly. The average temperatures that are being measured are increasing very quickly, and it is feared that in a short period of time, the temperature of the planet will rise higher than what is comfortable (Root).
The problem of rising temperatures ...

Introduction

The fishing industry is a diverse industry that includes many activities and practices concerning fish and has been in existence for many decades. Nonetheless, the industry over the years has been faced with a wide range of issues with the most critical being environment issues. The environmental issues have thus resulted in the threat of aquatic life, particularly the fish family. The survival of lobsters particularly in Maines, New England in this regard has been forced to depend on water temperatures, the cleanliness of the of the habitat and the increasing concerns about the rising cases of the lobster ...

A Socio-Linguistic Study

Literature Review
A Socio-Linguistic Study

Abstract

The enduring widespread political and public engagements in the Arab world have actually empowered many segments of the public in those regions. The debate on the impact of social media on various aspects of the Arab world as well as globally continues among the Arab policy makers. The incessant strong progress, acceptance and diversity of the usage of social media platforms across the entire Arab world in the recent years, specifically in 2012points to the fact that many well-known movements like the Arab Spring and extensive social media usage are sweeping the Arab world. ...

Antarctica Tourism: Still an appropriate market for operators and tourism?

Introduction

Antarctica may not sound like the greatest vacation spot for most people but many tourists ready for a challenge head there during the South Pole’s summer season. Tourism has been increasing since the first visitors to Antarctica despite the difficulties reaching the place. The freezing temperatures are not enough to slow the dedicated traveler away either.

Tourist operators’ infrastructure has grown to meet the needs of Antarctica tourism. The infrastructure includes everything from selling parkas and equipment, to training guides and to offering trips by ships and planes coordinated with travel agencies. Several decades of increasing tourism to ...

Introduction

Tourism has many definitions, which include traveling for pleasure purposes. Tourism, according to World Tourism Organization, is defined visiting and staying places away from our normal environment for a period exceeding one year for leisure or other business purposes. Tourism can be either domestic or international where implications are on both the host and source countries. Today, tourism is among the major sources of revenue for most countries and has a great impact on the economic growth and development of nations. The hospitality services, transport services, entertainment venues, as well as goods bought by tourists are among the sectors ...

The changes that have been witnessed in climate that have been influenced by global warming have prompted the need to try and seek for alternative sources of energy. Spain like many other developing and already established nations has taken the intuitive to try and put their resources into investing on green energy. Through this intuitive, there have been creation of industrial plants that are aimed at ensuring that there are enough resources put into green power production. There have been the establishments of areas that have been set aside for the production of energy through, wind, hydroelectric power, and ...

Literature Review:

In order to recognize the right of people to seek asylum from persecution in another country, the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees was introduced in order to determine refugee rights, state responsibility and refugee protection. The Convention was lauded for establishing a system for refugee protection, however, experts have divided opinions with its continuous use in the 21st century. There are experts stressing the need to repeal the Convention due to its outdated, inconsistent and limited nature. Other experts argued that the Convention should be retained due to the possibility of revitalizing the reform and the concessions ...

I would like from you after you read the report:
- literature review (chapter 2, 450 words),
- Add one or two sentences in the first paragraph of the introduction.

Report Scenario:
- It shall include a discussion of sustainable development and how it is relevant to the sector and this organisation specifically.
- It shall highlight key aspects of the organisation’s activities that would be affected by a ‘sustainable practice’ philosophy.
- It shall identify key cost saving opportunities for the organisation to adopt a ‘sustainable practice’ philosophy.
- It shall indicate possible ‘sustainable ...

1. Historical evolution of Mumbai
Mumbai has a long history of evolution that spans for 1000 years. In 1343 the cluster of seven islands was controlled by the Sultanate of Gujarat, and later in 1534 following Portugal invasion, the area was converted into a trading center (The British Library Board). The Portuguese coined the term Bom Bahia, meaning ‘the good bay’, and developed dwelling units, factories as well as ship building yards in the Island cluster, which later became known as Bombay (The British Library Board). With the establishment of East India Company, the British ousted Portuguese, and used ...

Is the process of Globalization harmless for the planet and it's population?

Overview
With the technological advancement in the contemporary world, the process of globalization has gained moment raising questions regarding its impact on the planet and its population. Globalization is political, economic, and social phenomena that explain on the increased integration of the global society, especially in the economic integration (Gangopadhyay and Chatterji, 2005, 57). Some studies show that although globalization is an essential process in the modern world, the process involved is controversial. According to Dauvergne (2005, 371), some scholars argue that the process is the source of ingenuity, progress, and cooperation of the future world and enhanced the ...

The short story, ‘Ethan Frome’ written by Edith Wharton in the early 1900’s, tells the story of Ethan who grew up on a farm where his descendants lived and worked and died. Ethan’s story is told from the first person point of view and details the story of a sad and unfortunate young man who lives in a New England village. The choices that he has made have him trapped hopelessly in situations that befall him one by one. Ethan had left home to study technology at a college in Worcester. He had big dreams of living in the city where ...

Introduction

During the creation of the world, the world contains some amount of resources to produce energy. The need for light during dark period forced many scientists to invent the flow of energy called electricity. The need for electricity forced humans to use non renewable energy resources like coal, petroleum etc. The Human fails to understand the non renewable energy resources are depleting in nature and it will diminish after some years. Now all of them are searching for renewable energy resources, among them solar energy is the good renewable energy resources that can be obtained from sun. The suns ...

Introduction

Organizations, instead of running themselves, require employees with a diverse mix of “abilities, intrinsic gifts, skills, knowledge, experience, intelligence, judgment, attitude, character, drive, and ability to learn and grow; collectively called talent” (Michaels et al., 2001, cited in Beechler & Woodward, 2009, p. 274)” to do the same. However, “sustaining this talent is more challenging than creating it, considering the dynamically complex and perilous global business environment, that most of the companies operate in, thus, necessitating a carefully crafted talent strategy or talent management process, on their part, that precedes every other organizational strategy, 24*7, regardless of the prevalent business conditions” ( ...

Abstract

Pinto bean is a popular plant in the United States and Mexico, so knowing how it grows is an important topic in the field of botany. One of the factors that influence plant growth is the soil condition in which the seeds are planted on. Based from the many studies conducted on pinto bean, as well as soil condition and plant growth, the amount of water in the soil is an important factor in the quality and production rate of the plant. Lack of water can negatively impact the growth of pinto bean, but some varieties of the plant ...

Introduction

Within the last 10 years increased attention has been given to the LGBT community and their civil rights. The issues of gender are now being debated in schools and impacting educational communities. The term transgender has undoubtedly been a popular term in recent times. The idea of being transgender seeks to break down cultural norms of gender and categorizing. In this literature review the focus takes on different implications of how the LGBT community has impacted the way in which children are socializing. Schools are experiencing a SSA (Same Sex Attracted) phenomenon where young people are receiving a lot ...

Young individuals experience a couple of changes that affect their behaviors and the way they interact with other people around them. During their adolescent period over 20% of young individuals experience depression disorders, which ends up influencing their mood, makes them pull away from joyful activities that individuals their age should engage in and have a negative attitude towards other people, events, and objects. According to Milne and Lancaster (2001), depression hails from various things such as failure of individuals to distinguish themselves from other people, distrustful relationships, and lack of proper parental care among others. This paper explains ...

Literature Review

Introduction
Employee turnover can be defined as the rotation of individuals around the labor market, between jobs, organizations, and careers. Besides, it is the amount of movement of workers in and out of a company, normally occur in terms of the employee turnover rate (Ronra & Chaisawat, 2010). Employees may involuntarily leave the company as a result of discharge or layoff, or voluntarily because of retirement or resignation. In most cases, voluntary turnover takes place when a worker feels dissatisfaction with his current job and has attractive alternatives in other companies.
Employee turnover and retention have always been key issues ...

ENERGY RELATIONS

Introduction
The US and Canada have been supporter and challenger, associate and adversary, foe and friend- throughout their history. As a result, the two nations have experienced durations of conflict with one country’s national interests dictating actions that caused adverse effects on the other (Behiels and Stuart 2010; Andreas 2013). Since the 1980s, however, the two nations have increased their energy relations through integration and cooperation (Hooper and Newlands 2012). As such, significant issues have often been resolved through negotiated compromise. Nonetheless, some US-Canada trade relations have been unsuccessful. For example, although the two nations are widely known ...

Introduction

Globally, the automotive industry is possibly the most complex and largest undertaking in industrial history. The complexity of its production has resulted to cars whose main concern was the right price, performance, reliability, safety, market attraction and emission hence ignoring other major concerns like energy security and climate protection (Lovins & Cramer, 2004). Regular (conventional) cars use petroleum products (petrol and diesel) as fuel. (50by50 campaign) research showed that light duty vehicles are expected to triple by 2050. This translates to increased prices, environmental pollution, energy crises, reductions of oil reserves and eventually global warming. These has necessitated the need ...

Maya Angelou’s “I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings”, published in 1969, is an autobiographical look into the coming-of-age years of the African-American author. Throughout the novel, Angelou’s discusses themes such as racism and segregation that she experienced, simply for being African American. She also discusses experiencing displacement throughout this period in her life, living in seven different homes in a relatively short period of time. There is also an overwhelming theme that speaks to Angelou’s resistance to racism; all of these culminated to form Angelou’s social identity. She covers many different events that helped shape ...

Aguinis, H., & Pierce, C. A. (2008). Enhancing the relevance of organizational behavior by embracing performance management research. Journal of Organizational Behavior.
This journal is relevant in this research project because it shows the impact of organizational behavior on both the individuals and the management structures in an organization.The ways to enhance organizational performance through organizational behavior are clearly elaborated in this article. The source is also credible because the author is experienced in human resource aspects and organizational practices.
Ali, A. M., & Anis, J. (2013). WHY CEO EMOTIONAL BIASES AFFECT FIRM ASSETS SPECIFICITY CHOICE BAYESIAN NETWORK METHOD: ...

Recent research in industrialized countries provides evidence of the significant role that psychosocial factors play in health and disease. As such, these factors cannot be ignored in the assessment of patients, health promotion, illness prevention, and disease management. Examples of psychosocial factors are lack of social support systems and stress where individual experiences of these adverse events increase the risks for acute and chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arthritis. Research provides evidence of psychosocial interventions and the important role of nurses in reducing these risks.
In their review of literature on the association of CVD ...

The ubiquitous climate change and the attendant consequences in the forms of flash floods, earthquakes, tsunamis etc has further intensified efforts at seeking alternative sources of energy to the currently used fossil fuels that contribute so much to the deterioration of the environment and the menace of climate change. The alternative forms of energy, termed green energy are renewable sources of energy e.g. solar energy. Theses green sources of energy do not contribute to the deterioration of the environment. The industrial production of hydrogen gas H2 is dependent on heavy use of fossil fuel-generated electricity to power the process ...

Abstract

Water is the most important source of life. Survival of any living organism without water is impossible. Though a large part of the earth is constituted of water, the supply of fresh water is limited to only 3% of the total amount of water found on the earth's surface. With the demand for fresh and clean water rising across the world, it is time for us to think seriously about the importance of water conservation. There are several engineering and behavioral practices which, if adopted by us at home, industries and other spheres of work and life, can reduce the ...

[Low flow anaesthesia with isoflurane in the dog].
This article in german compares the safety of high and low flow anesthesia in dogs preparing for surgery. Three groups of animals were divided into two low flow and one high flow groups. Vital signs were kept well controlled during the procedures. Notes the highest decrease in body temperature was in the high flow group, and a particularly cooled gas used for that group may have caused this.
At least in the context of dogs, this article seems to treat the question of flow rate and core body temp. as a ...

LITERATURE REVIEW: UNITED STATES ENERGY INDEPENDENCE

Question: How the concerns relating to the exploration of Shale gas were mitigated.

The issue of energy independence is a subject of debate that has dominated US politics for several decades. Virtually, every President since Richard Nixon to Barack Obama have pledged allegiance to assisting the United States realize the goal of energy dependence. Policy debates tend to focus on the strategies that could be implemented to minimize US’s dependence on foreign oil. Homans (2012) argues that the United States has remained independent on imported oil despite increasing demands for energy anxiety across the globe. According to Miller (2010), ...

US Mexico relationship

The relationship between United States of America and Mexico is a complex love-hate relationship. The kind of rapport both the neighboring countries share is unique and reason behind such complex relationship is the huge disparity between both the countries. Various international policy analysts suggest that since the disparities between the two countries are in a large number and in all the fields the situation becomes difficult for the weaker one. This disproportion between the two countries is visible in all the fields, whether it is economy, size, technology, military strength, international ties and reputation or be it any other field; Americans ...