Oxygen Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Introduction:

Clean non-polluted water is a major basic requirement for all the living things. Nowadays, its availability becomes a major problem in the ecosystem. This problem is expected to increase in the future due to population growth and industrialization processes. The processes discharge of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes contribute largely to the contamination of existing natural waters in the environment. Therefore, at the present moment, it is important that the pathogens and pollutants are completely removed from the waste water to cater for the needs of domestic use, industrial use, and irrigation purposes. This paper discusses two processes of oxidation and ...

Introduction

Waste management refers to the process of collecting, transporting and disposing trash, sewage and other waste materials. There are different sources of waste including residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, construction and demolition, municipal, agriculture and manufacturing and all these waste products whether solid, gaseous, liquid or radioactive come under the realm of waste management. Due to the rapid growth and fast development in Australia, the country has produced waste on humongous amount. As per the data provided by Australian Bureau of Statistics, the growth of average annual rate of waste production in Australia is about 5.4% between 1996-97 and 2006-07. ...

Literature Review

Physicians always encounter innumerable number of patients with chest pains every day. The cause of these chest pains cannot always be pinpointed to a single health factor. However, veritably a good percentage of these chest pain cases are traced to a wide range of heart diseases. Acute Coronary Syndrome is one such heart disease that has been found to be a possible causation of the chest pains that are incessantly encountered by physicians. Commonly abbreviated as ACS, Acute Coronary Syndrome results in the blockage of some parts or the heart’s entire coronary arteries.

Definition

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac condition with an ...

How the hyperbaric oxygen regulating NADPH facilitates the vascular health

The hyperbaric oxygen and GT Rac1 always plays a very central role in the activation of the complex. The Rac1 regulates the actin cytoskeleton as it responds to the various signals. When the NADPH is stimulated either by mechanical factors or by the signaling of the molecules, the Rac1 dissociates from its inhibitor and it is consequently activated by the release of the GDP and the binding GTP which in turn exposes the isoprenyl moiety ( Seyfried, T. N. 2012). This therefore agglomerates the cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase NOXA1 and NOXO1. The end process therefore results to the ...

Mechanical ventilation (MV) causes oxidative stress that is responsible for adverse consequences on organs. In a situation of MV, the excessive pressure impairs the function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain leading to oxidative and nitrosative stress (Kavazis, 2009; Hafner et al., 2014). MV is commonly associated with hyperoxia where an excess of oxygen is provided. In such a case an oxidative stress can be induced when the oxygen pressure in the alveolar exceeds that of the normal breathing conditions because the biological system is not able to readily detoxify the environment from components such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) ( ...

Abstract

This paper aims at identifying and elaborating the development and functions of the human placenta, an organ that supports growth and development of the fetus. The human placenta is a fetomaternal organ that supports the development of a growing embryo by providing nutrients and gas from the mother to the embryo. Notably, the human placenta facilitates nutrients and gas exchange between the fetus and the mother which helps in maintaining fetomaternal tolerance. The placenta can release metabolic products into fetal and maternal circulations and it also metabolizes various substances. It also protects the fetus against maternal diseases, infections, and certain xenobiotic ...

Abstract

Heart failure (2.6% prevalent worldwide) is a complex clinical syndrome, resulting from a structural or functional cardiac disorder and impairing ventricular filling or ejection capability. The current case of a 59-year-old male patient admitted on August 18, 2016 due to worsening shortness of breath and bilateral left extremity edema (one week) involved an existing diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Physical and clinical profiles indicate a comorbidity between heart failure (HF) and DM2. Laboratory and imaging findings were not indicated, while diagnosis was based on the NYHA Classification guidelines. A review of literature revealed three crucial weaknesses in the diagnosis. ...

In the process of wound healing, angiogenesis is also known as neovascularization. The process commences in lined with the proliferation of the fibroblast when the endothelial cells mover towards the wound site. Oxygen and other nutrients are required for the formation of epithelial cells and the activity of fibroblasts. In comparison to the fibroblast and epidermal mitigation, angiogenesis is crucial for other stages of wound healing. The process of angiogenesis is complex and occurs in the following stages:
Latent period: In this stage, vasodilation and premeabilisation are known to permit leukocyte extravasation during the haemostatic and inflammatory phase. Decontamination ...

1. Biot’s respiration named after Camille Biot is an abnormal ataxic breathing pattern, where rapid series of shallow respiration are followed by a period of apnea. In order to known how AMP kinase, knock down leads to Biot respiration in mice; it is necessary to known how AMP kinase affects respiratory rate. AMP kinase is a metabolic sensor and is activated in response to stretching of the lung alveolar cells and other stressors. During respiration, the lung goes through cycles of expansion and contraction (Budinger et al., 2008). When the alveolar cells stretch during expansion, the 5′ AMP-activated ...

Introduction

Heart valve surgery is used for the repairing or replacement of valves of the heart that are diseased. The patients receive general anesthesia in this type of surgery whereby the surgeon makes a large surgical incision in the breastbone. The incision is meant to enable the surgeon to reach the aorta and the heart (Kato Paragraph 2). The relevance of stroke to the procedure of open-chest valve surgery is that it is one of the risks associated with cardiac surgery. Other risks include death, failure of the kidneys, cardiac arrest, irregular beats of the heart, and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (Kato ...

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When a person is diagnosed with a life-threatening disease, it can be a frightening experience for the whole family. We provide information and offer practical and emotional support to the affected individuals and their families. We offer improvement in standards of support and care and promote the importance of early detection

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There are various devastating conditions/illnesses that hinder an individual’s journey through life. The affected people are fellow human beings in need of help and assistance. Together we can make a difference to:

Cancer Patients

Cancer is a disease of the cells in the body. ...

Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infection which often develops as a result of poor handling of mechanical ventilation. Such as, poor nursing practice in caring for patients with difficulty in breathing can lead to microorganisms entering patient’s body through a tube inserted especially via mouth and nose of the patient. When these microorganisms get into the respiratory system they cause lung infection which is referred to as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In preventing this infection, it is important that nurses adopt best practices to reduce the incidence of VAP and provide quality care that is aimed at improving the ...

Abstract

Healthcare professionals caring for preterm infants in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) agree that there is a need to reduce noise in NICU as it affects neurological and behavioral development of premature infants. Healthcare professionals have embraced medical technologies and other interventions to address this issue; an aspect that has reduce neonatal and childhood mortality rate and increased survival of premature infants. Music is one of the effective intervention strategies employed in NICU, but there is a controversy about its effects on the development of preterm infants. Despite this controversy, empirical studies affirm that music enhances alert responses, growth and development, ...

Yoga is an almost multifunctional tool. People and time change, but exercises needed to maintain a health remain the same. The main statement that considers yoga sounds as “a compensatory increase circulation after stretching or compression of the physical areas of the body as well as skin-visceral and motor-visceral reflexes, enabling a direct effect on the function of various organs” and I am going to consider it.
Above- mentioned thesis is explained by such information. Existence is based on the fact that visceral sensory nerves, skin (Zakharyin Ged-zone) and muscle intersect at spinal segments. As a result, the tension ...

IRON SUPPLEMENTATION DURING PREGNANCY

Iron Supplementation during Pregnancy
Iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy is a risk factor for adverse maternal and perinatal care. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 56 million pregnant women globally get affected with anemia, which is associated with iron deficiency. The large group of pregnant women affected with iron deficiency are mostly the poor and most vulnerable, especially those living in developing countries like South-east Asia. They have insufficient iron to meet the increased iron needs both for them and the foetus. According to Staff (2013), approximately 29% of the pregnant women experience iron depletion.
Iron is vital ...

Introduction

The production line refers to a set of sequential operations launched in a factory whereby the raw materials are passed via the refining process to produce tissue that is suitable to be used in institutions, households, and industries. The article by Ishakawa and Hirasawa (2012) describes how printing and aqueous lotion chemicals can be applied to improve the quality of tissue papers. Furthermore, the article by Abdulmalek and Rajgopal (2007) look deep on the benefits accrued from lean manufacturing and how they can benefit manufacturing companies. The paper will comprehensively address the production line, its ways, and advantages as ...

in the industrial and infrastructure sector

Abstract

In most parts of the Arab countries, the limited resources of water pose adverse constraints to both the social and economic development, while also threatening the people’s livelihood. The available surface water keeps on declining, and the ground water over-pumping that goes beyond the natural recharge rates has continued to cause great negative impact in the lowering of water table. Over-pumping of ground water also increases ground water salinity, ground water depletion, and ecological degradation (SCENR 5). The outcome prompted the Qatar government to start regulating its water resources as a measure ...

Introduction: According to Thaden and Alyssa (2008), “human error is the main cause of flight accidents in complex systems. Therefore since errors are inevitable in the commercial airline industry, it is doubtful to assure safety on the air.” On the other hand, Mangla and Haress (2011) claim that - “air travel is the safest mode in the history of aviation.” Whose statement is reliable between them? In aviation, it is true that human error leads to accidents in the sky, but it is also true that for every accident that happens on the air, the airline company reviews their ...

Introduction

Public health is the art and science of disease prevention, promoting health and prolonging life through informed choices and organized efforts of the society, communities, organizations, and individuals. It is primarily concerned with the threats to the health based on the health analysis of the population. Public health emergency preparedness and response focus on prevention against spread of diseases, epidemics and injuries as well as protect individuals against environmental hazards such as fire. Besides, it concentrates in accessibility of quality health care services as well as promotes healthy behaviors. In this paper, I primarily concentrate on public health preparedness ...

“The Fish” talks about the interesting journey of the narrator who at first was just out to catch a fish, but ended up developing a deep understanding of nature and life through the fish. With the use of vivid imagery and abundant description, Elizabeth Bishop took the readers to the past struggles of the fish in order to stay alive, how its physical disfigurement reflecting those struggles translated into images of beauty and victory, and how these mental pictures elicited respect and admiration from the narrator.

True to its title, the narrator begins telling the story by talking about catching a fish.

I caught a tremendous fishand held him beside the boathalf out of water, with my hookfast ...

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Written by Huxley Aldous, Brave New World revolves around the making of a human controlled world to ensure correlation among the same. For instance, the world state works at producing humans who fit at different levels. With the Alphas leading and the Epsilon falling in the latter position, the world has an order that everyone follows. The text talks of two worlds, the World State where the elite live and the Reservation where outcasts are controlled. It is important to note that, those living in the World State appear younger and better ...

The ubiquitous climate change and the attendant consequences in the forms of flash floods, earthquakes, tsunamis etc has further intensified efforts at seeking alternative sources of energy to the currently used fossil fuels that contribute so much to the deterioration of the environment and the menace of climate change. The alternative forms of energy, termed green energy are renewable sources of energy e.g. solar energy. Theses green sources of energy do not contribute to the deterioration of the environment. The industrial production of hydrogen gas H2 is dependent on heavy use of fossil fuel-generated electricity to power the process ...

Introduction

Pregnancy is a milestone characterized by changes in many aspects of women’s lives in ways that can promote or undermine health. It is important for women to cope successfully and be healthy from conception through birth and beyond to achieve the best health outcomes for them and their newborns. Adequate physical activity has many health benefits and should be continued throughout pregnancy. Programs that promote exercise help pregnant women initiate and maintain greater physical activity and a healthier lifestyle. Such programs must consider the unique characteristics, circumstances, and health status of gravid women to be appropriate and effective. Using guidelines ...

Introduction

It is approximated that about one billion people in the world today suffer from iron deficiency anemia (Sloan, Jordan, & Winikoff, 2002). There are many causes of this disease that have already been identified such as poor diet, menses, excess bleeding in the intestine, and inability of a person to absorb iron among others. However, the question that remains to be answered is why many people continue to be affected despite much information about the disease that is already available.

Background

Iron deficiency anemia is a type of anemia that occurs due to loss of iron in the body that may be caused ...