Pathology Literature Reviews Samples For Students

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125), which is encoded by MUC16, is the only biomarker currently used for immunohistochemical diagnosis of ovarian cancer (Tanyi and Scholler 1098). Literature suggests that 80% of the patients with ovarian cancer express CA125. The expression pattern is different among the different kinds of ovarian cancer; 85% in serous ovarian cancer, 12% in mucinous cancer and 40% in clear cell carcinoma (Tanyi and Scholler 1098; Kaspar and Crum 44), which helps in differential diagnosis.

Differential diagnosis among various types of ovarian cancer. There are five types of primary ovarian ...

Abstract

The purpose of this discussion is to determine the relationship between human papillomavirus type 16 and the incidence of cervical cancer in adult women. As such, prevalence and distribution of cervical cancer will be discussed, as will the current literature regarding the correlation between and potential causative effects of human papillomavirus type 16 on cervical cancer. Some of the studies examined in this discussion focus almost entirely on specific populations, but this discussion will focus on a more global, universal approach to the correlation between HPV-16 and cervical cancer. The literature reviewed in this discussion focuses primarily on discoveries and ...

Introduction

Heart valve surgery is used for the repairing or replacement of valves of the heart that are diseased. The patients receive general anesthesia in this type of surgery whereby the surgeon makes a large surgical incision in the breastbone. The incision is meant to enable the surgeon to reach the aorta and the heart (Kato Paragraph 2). The relevance of stroke to the procedure of open-chest valve surgery is that it is one of the risks associated with cardiac surgery. Other risks include death, failure of the kidneys, cardiac arrest, irregular beats of the heart, and post-pericardiotomy syndrome (Kato ...

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Introduction

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a very influential technique that helps in amplifying the specific segments of DNA. This biochemical procedure is performed in-vitro that is quite different from cloning. This technique is a fusion of synthesis protocol of distinct repeated segments of DNA and thermostable DNA polymerase application that has given scientists a very potent analytical, immunological and molecular technique used prevalently in clinical laboratory science (Garibyan & Avashia, 2013). PCR is based on three primary steps that include denaturation of the template into single strands, annealing ...

Abstract

This paper aims at identifying and elaborating the development and functions of the human placenta, an organ that supports growth and development of the fetus. The human placenta is a fetomaternal organ that supports the development of a growing embryo by providing nutrients and gas from the mother to the embryo. Notably, the human placenta facilitates nutrients and gas exchange between the fetus and the mother which helps in maintaining fetomaternal tolerance. The placenta can release metabolic products into fetal and maternal circulations and it also metabolizes various substances. It also protects the fetus against maternal diseases, infections, and certain xenobiotic ...

A)Pathophysiology of crocidolite.

Pathophysiology refers to both the pathological and physiological effects of a disease or injury. Crocidolite is a type of asbestos which is blue in color which has very thin fibers hair like fibers. This makes it the most dangerous type of asbestos as these thin fibers are very easily inhaled when blown by the wind where the asbestos occurs naturally (Australia) and when people are working with it especially during mining. This type of asbestos is used mainly for insulation as it is sprayed on walls, ceilings, boilers ovens and pipes.
Crocidolite falls under the category of respirable dusts. These ...