Socialism Literature Reviews Samples For Students

What is terrorism and why is it difficult to define?

There is no applicable definition that can be used to define the term terrorism; it is more of activities that are inhuman and exposes the lives of every human being to great danger. According to Hoffman, activities like assassination of a head of state, bombing of a building, poisoning of produce on a supermarket shelf and massacre of civilians by military unit, are all described and regarded as exceptional incidences of terrorism. Terrorism can also be labeled as organized crime syndicates, abhorrent act of violence that is channeled towards innocent civilians and extortionist or individual psychotics. Schmidt defines terrorism as a combination of ...

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“There are three things extremely hard: steel, diamond, and to know one's self”—Benjamin Franklin
After reading and analyzing William James's essay, “The Self,” it would be easy to draw the same conclusion expressed by Benjamin Franklin in the above quote. The self is difficult to analyze because it comprises of various aspects or parts which integrate seamlessly to form a whole or complete individual. James, who was a philosopher, psychologist, and Harvard lecturer during the middle and late 1800s used much of his writings to define and explain the concept of ...

Individual Right versus Collective Good and the US Policy of Mandatory Overtime Regulation in Nursing Profession

Individual Right versus Collective Good and the US Policy of Mandatory Overtime Regulation in Nursing Profession

Individual rights are those rights that one holds even if he/she belongs to a certain group of people. On the other hand, collective good is what the group majority regards as right or desirable regardless of how its members are differentiated (Griffiths, 2012). Historically, these concepts have remained controversial as they are being witnessed in the policy of mandatory overtime regulation in nursing profession (Griffiths, 2012; Feutz-Harter, 2012). According to Bae, Brewer and Kovner (2011), before 2010, nurse overtime was essential to control chronic ...

Introduction

Smith and Dawn realized that there has been an increasing trend in the development of social movements in the world. Citizens of a country, with the same agenda or grievances were coming together to develop movements into which they will use to air their views either in protests or insurgencies. Studies reveal that there has been the development of different kind of movements, for example gay, students and political movements (Swindler, n.d.). Due to the increasing trend in the formation of these movements, scientist and researchers have tried to come up with explanations on what are the main influences of ...

Carl Marx and Fredrick Engels criticised the industrial revolution which was characterised by modern factories. The two saw industrialization as being largely exploitative of workers. They therefore predicted that the factory system would soon collapse as more workers took control of the system. In the communist manifesto, the duo described the coming of a new society that would demolish the social classes brought about by the dynamics of the industrial revolution. According to Marx and Engels there would be massive hostility between the ruling class (bourgeois) and the working class (proletariats) (Engels, 23). This is what would herald the collapse ...

When the Manifesto of the Communist Party was published by Karl Marx and Frederick

Engels in 1848, there were a number of important events occurring in Europe, and all over the rest of the world. The Industrial Revolution was the most important economic development of the 19th century, an ongoing transformation in how goods were produced and labor was accommodated that lasted for at least a century. The Manifesto of the Communist Party advocates for the proletariat (the working class), and key passages help understand the historical and cultural context of the time, shed light on the overall work and its importance, and are open to critique.
“The Communist Manifesto” is a pioneering ...

Introduction

In more ways than one, the conceptualized constructs demarcating the means by which money exchange takes place within the contemporary world economy are profuse than they might actually appear. The ideology of a contemporary capitalism culture can be split two ways; the thinking of a financializer versus that of a technologist. This paper will take on a triangulation approach at trying to deconstruct the ideals of contemporary capitalism. By cross-referencing different theorizations, the two loudly acclaimed arrangements of abstraction – financialization and technological abstraction – shall be extrapolated and used to establish the actual stand concerning the doctrine of capitalism today.

Financialization

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Introduction

Aggression is hostile behavior aimed at causing physical or psychological harm. Aggression can be indirect or direct, verbal or physical and active or passive.
There are several social factors that cause aggression. These factors include media violence, Stereotype and social identity, threat Collective narcissism, Status, competition and mating motives personal characteristics, cultural factors direct provocation and frustration among others.

When an individual watches media, observational learning takes place. This brings the indication that excessive exposure to media violence increases probability of any individual to behave aggressively. (Barbara etal, 2010). Metaanalysis and reviews have indicated that this effect is ...

A New Window for Social Entrepreneurship

Literature Review
Introduction
The development of an environmentally, financially and socially sustainable global economy is reliant on local economies that can be sustained (Wicks, 2006, p. 1). However, becauseglobalisation is causing a decline in local communities—particularly family farms, local businesses —it is important for small companies to work together tobuildlocal living economies in their own regions thatlink on both thenational and international level.
This paper reviewsthe literature addressing the nature ofcommunity-owned enterprises and the benefits of theseto not only the individual owners but also other business owners and communities. It is aimed that by showing how ...

Introduction

The existence of classes in the society has a long history dating back to the 19th century in the Western Europe after the industrial revolution (Abrutyn, 2013). As such, because of the industrial revolution, classes emerged. In this regard, the classes that emerged comprised of those of the rich and those people who worked for them. However, since then different forms of stratification emerged in the society. Examples of such stratifications or classes are the ones based on gender, race, age, and religion (Bartos & Wehr, 2002). Consequently, various arguments exist concerning these new forms of stratification with some people viewing ...

Corporatism Literature Review

Introduction
The idea of corporatism has contributed to the formation of political or social groups based on activities and ideas such as business, labor, and science, military and ethnic (Ammous 2011). Most of these groups are usually industrial and professional, which have a control over the members in the group within its jurisdiction. The history of corporatism has been defined by political ideas that are backed by social and economic forces. This study reviews the literature on corporatism and whether the strategies it uses creates a framework that brings success to the economy. It also gives an outlook on the ...

Literature Review

Given the nature of this paper, the literature review will be divided into themes and the relevant literature will be analyzed accordingly. There is a huge body of work from diverse sources related to this topic as it has had a lasting impact not only on the Middle East but also on world diplomacy in the past 40 years. The greatest legacy of the war was its shaping of people’s perceptions of the two sides of the faction. The ideas of underdog and top dog have dominated the conflicts in the Middle East for decades. After the creation of Israel ...

Box #xxx

Review of Essay “Cell Block, Egospheres, Self-Container”
It is extremely common for most single people to live in studio apartments or a similar structure. Most people, however, would not know the various aspects behind the evolution and the view behind these particular living spaces. This paper will review certain concepts put forth by Peter Sloterdijk in his article beginning with the concept of egosphere, then proceeding on to the concept of ‘the cell’ and then to the idea of self-pairing. The paper will, further, also review the relation between the concept of ‘the cell’ and then to the idea ...

Abstract 3

Toxic Leadership 4
Introduction 4
Research Purpose and Questions 5
Research purpose 5
Research questions 6
Literature Review 7
Characteristic and behavior of toxic leaders 8
Effects of toxic leadership 9
Can toxic leaders change? 10
Findings 10
Conclusions 11

References 13

Abstract
Toxic leadership in the society has been influential in setting bad precedent for organizations and groups of people. Toxic leaders are led by personal vendetta which seeks to enrich themselves at the expense of their followers. This has led to conflicts among employees as the behavior of ...

Factors that Influence Purchasing Relationship in Automobile Industry of China

Introduction
The USA, Western Europe, and Japan markets for the automobiles are almost stagnating causing an increased attention and concern to the world automotive industry. They have turned their interest in China market for cars. This is associated with the fast growing economy in China unlike that of European nations and the USA. The Chinese market for cars is indeed the turning point for all auto companies. The environment is conducive to start production in China to supply the potential markets and then export from there to other world markets. This literature will focus on the purchasing relationship in ...

Introduction

Freud engages in human liberalism through the development of his theory of the mind. He makes an analysis and implication of the unconscious mind. At first, he thought psychoanalysis is a technique used clinically for the treatment of hysteria in the late 19th century. Freud believes that there are three fundamentals tenets to psychoanalysis. His rejection of the Kantian notion of the mind that, the mind grasps its essence fully and completely through critical self-reflection is an important engagement in criticizing human liberalism. He presents his idea that the object (human being) is not aware of the mind. This unawareness ...

Mythological criticism attempts to explore the different cultural myths that lie in a given form of literature. It is an extremely critical approach that is developed under a combination of anthropological, historical, psychological, as well as religious insights. Through the combinations of these insights mythological criticism has gained an extremely strong base. This is following the extensive contribution of each of these elements. Through psychological approach, mythological criticism aims at exploring an individual’s imagination or way of thought through an analysis of symbols and situations that a party is involved. This analysis is fundamental for conscious and unconscious mind. Historical approach analyzes ...

Literature Review

Introduction
Since WWII, Japan has grown to become an economic powerhouse in the world, leading to a boom in foreign business investment. For Australia, Japan is a strategic business partner, with a partnership that has, and continues to evolve over fifty years. Japan has a population of about 127 million people, and its market is made up companies with firm global orientations and willingness to invest in long-term sustainable services and products, and consumers who have high disposable income levels. Therefore, doing business with and in Japan offers many benefits for Australian companies and organizations. However, a number of cultural challenges might cause ...

Introduction

The appreciation for the literary craftsmanship of Franz Kafka cannot be understated. In fact, according to one journal article’s assessment by Berthoff, “Lovers of literature are forever indebted” to the writer’s friend Max Brod, “who ignored Kafka’s ‘last request’ to destroy all his manuscripts and proceeded to edit and publish” some of his novels (499). Also at the outset it is important to recognize that the original language Kafka wrote in was German, although he spoke in Czech. According to the same source Kafka’s office writings had been informed by – or at least and influencing ...

Precisely, the influence of social media on the development of students' communication skills has turned into a problem studied by many modern researchers. From a historical perspective, the issue is new, as social media have evolved very quickly. Even 15 years ago, the general theory of interpersonal communication in the context of education did not yield to analysis, which would take into account the impact of social media on the development of students. However, today, millions of young people around the world feel the effect of the total virtualization of social processes, i.e. communication in particular. The use of ...

This assignment question is the issue of the production process, its harmful impact on the environment and ways to reduce this problem through the modernization of production process and the introduction of innovations in this area. The research was made ​​because the problem of the negative impact of the production process in the state of the nowadays environment is very acute and it will require the immediate solutions to decrease the stern impact and to reduce it in the near future. The topicality of this research is that it can help to find strategies to reduce the problem and ...

Stories of War in the Words of the Warrior

Bryan Turner is an American military veteran, English professor and poet (About Bryan Turner n.p.). Prior to his enlistment, Turner attended school at the University of Oregon where he earned a Master of Fine Arts degree. He spent a year in South Korea before enlisting in the United States Army. Since that time he has lived and worked abroad in many parts of the world.
His work focuses on his experiences as a soldier during his service in the Middle East, and has earned him numerous awards in the literary world including the NEA Literature Fellowship in Poetry, the ...

The issue of global justice in the context of international environment is the central theme in Arnold’s article. According to him, global justice is seen to happen if the concerns of those who happen to be in the lower part of the pyramid are addressed (Arnold, 2013). Arnold argued that some models such as the deliberative democracy advanced by theorists of political aspect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) are not satisfactory. Furthermore, he believes Rawlsian theoretical failed to provide a clear obligations on how corporations execute the global justice. International business has been used to refer to both ...

In United States and other countries around the globe, noticeable steps have been implemented to ensure that public perception of the arts is strengthened. At the same time, the value of the artists and art has been recognized globally because of its ability to strengthen communities (Belfiore & Bennett, 2008). Despite the significant progress, artists are still perceived to be less important by a majority of Americans. According to a survey conducted in 2007, only 27 percent of Americans perceive that artists are important whereas an overwhelming 74 percent believes that art is beneficial to a country (Pettit & DiMaggio, 1998). Throughout history, an ...

The Renaissance was a fascinating time for intellectuals and thinkers, as humanity began to explore ways to make the perfect society outside of the realm of religion. As scientific knowledge began to advance further and further, writers such as Francis Bacon and Thomas More began to write about how these changes were reflecting the ways in which societies were to be constructed. The notion of a utopia – a perfect society – was created, and More and Bacon penned their own visions of utopias that would have a more humanist, scientific basis in their societal construction, rather than religion. Through the work of Thomas More’ ...

ID Number
The Communist Party of China overthrew imperialism, capitalism, and feudalism, and ultimately won the new-democratic revolution and established the People’s Republic of China. Through this, the socialist transformation of the private ownership through production was accomplished, exploitation was abolished, and the socialist system was eventually established. The Chinese constitution states that all power belongs to the people and that the state provides protection to the interests and lawful rights of the minorities and develops and upholds the relationship of unity, equality, and shared assistance among all people in China. Discrimination and oppression are prohibited including ...

Intersectionality is one of the woman’s libbers and the most propagative conception of the critical race theory. Women of color formations are compelled to address Intersectionality and the mutual and complex interactions of race, class, gender and sexuality (Lowe & Lloyd, 1997, p.310). Many feminists debate that a kind consideration of intersectionality is an important element to gain equality in politics and community, and also to improve the autonomous system.

Queer Liberalism

Queer epistemology rethinks intersectionality not just of radical, sexual, or class simultaneity but as a meeting of two streets, and in a landscape long given over to automotivitya place of particular hazard ...

Introduction

The Australian construction industry has been for the past few years encountered many challenges starting from the economic restrictions construction industry. Many construction companies that aim at flourishing in this industry have claimed to encounter a similar problem through inefficiency. Inefficiency has been noted in all areas of the company’s activities that vary from inefficiency in business processes, supply chain, communication channels. All these forms of inefficiency incur huge costs on the Australian construction companies. Achieving efficiency remains one of the major goals of the Australian companies in that the most efficient companies receive huge benefits. Efficiency within a company ...

Although Claude McKay had started to enjoy some fame after his sonnet "If We Must Die" was published but it was 'Home to Harlem' that made him a celebrity and also eased his financial difficulties, though for a brief period only. The depiction of the life in Harlem also attracted the attention of some black leaders in America. For some of them, the emphasis of the novel was on the instinctual and the sensual which was against the general image of respectability which these black leaders have tried to contain among their people. In their opinion, it also reinforced some of ...

“For Marxism, getting and keeping economic power is the motive behind all social and political activities, including education, philosophy, religion, government, the arts, science, technology, the media, and so on”. (Tyson 53-54) A Marxist has multiple theories, which are applied to different subjects within a society and the analysis explains the complexities of modern society. When we consider a Marxist analysis it mainly concentrates on the relationships between the socioeconomic classes and it describes that all the actions done by humans revolve around “the distribution and dynamics of economic power”. For instance the example given by Tyson about the comedy serial ...

Belovezhskaya pushcha national park, Belarus

Critical analysis
About Belarus
Belarus is a European country located in the east side of Europe and shares its borders with Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia. It is a landlocked country with a total land area of 207, 600 square kilometers. Minsk is its capital city but it has other major cities across its land area. The country’s major economic activities are in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors. 40% of the country’s land area is forested thus having a cool and favorable agricultural climate. Belarus took shape in the early 1940s after joining the Soviet Union. Its borders ...