Study Literature Reviews Samples For Students

“An intervention program to promote health‐related physical fitness in nurses” by Yuan et al. (2009) is a quasi-experimental study that aimed to assess the impact of an exercise intervention on the nurses’ health-related physical fitness. Although quasi-experimental designs can be used to test causal hypotheses and share certain assumptions with experimental designs, quasi-experimental studies do not assume random assignment and control over extraneous variables, so they tend to have low internal validity (Trochim, 2006). Despite potential threats to internal validity, quasi-experimental studies are effective designs for investigating causal effects outside of controlled settings, so they often have good ...

- Introduction

In order to understand the meaning of the consumer behavior, it is significant to outline the meaning of the consumer. Consumer is an individual or a group that is engaged in the process of selecting, purchasing and using or disposing a services, products, experiences or ideas to satisfy their desires and needs. In the marketing environment the consumer is referred as an act of purchasing and patterns of aggregate buying that involves post-purchasing and pre-purchasing activities.

Therefore, consumer behavior can be described as a process whereby a consumer directly exercises the act of acquiring, using or disposing of economic goods and services, as ...

Intercultural Friendship

Introduction
Scholars and academicians have paid little interest to intercultural friendships in spite of their obvious magnitude and regularity in the continuously expanding multicultural world. Intercultural friendships symbolize a close linkage between interpersonal and cultural dimensions of communication systems. The hardships involved in sorting them out might be one explanation why they attract so little interest from researchers. In recent times, it has become generally acknowledged that cultural diversity in the backgrounds of communicators contributes to differences in the patterns of communication behavior. This has made several researchers studying intercultural communication to make the assumption that it is a distinctive ...

Eric Zwingel

Valley City State University
Video games have become a large part of many peoples’ lives with ages ranging from toddlers to middle aged adults. Teachers are seeing this integration of gaming into the classroom with such things as Smartboards and Ipads to utilize the tech skills that students are developing. Unfortunately most teachers relate gaming to negative effects which are major concerns amongst most school faculties. As a future teacher, I want to know how gaming is affecting the students in a positive, negative, and social aspect. My experiences with gaming have been positive but how I view the amount of ...

Literature Review

(Section)

Introduction

Between the periods 1980 to 1992, consumption of illicit drugs in the United States increased from 29% to 42% among 12th grade adolescence, and from 11% to 21% among eight grade students. Other statistics shows that in the 12th grade 80% are students on alcoholic. More than half of them have been doing it in the eighth grade; 75% had smoked cigarettes, of this group, 35% became habitual smokers. The greatest challenge is faced by families, who, no matter what their social or economic level, must devise strategies to help their adolescence. Studies have been done to prove ...

Introduction

Dietary fiber is a combined term for a diversity of plant matters that are resistant to digestion by human gastrointestinal enzymes. Dietary fibers can be categorized into two major groups according to their solubility in water. In humans, natural gel-forming fibers (gums, pectins, mucilage, and the remains of the hemicelluloses) are soluble. Whereas the matrix fibers or the structural (lignins, some hemicelluloses, and cellulose,) are insoluble, Dietary fiber and whole grains are among the best sources of nutrients including minerals, a slowly digestive energy and vitamins. (Byrne, 2011). They also contain phytochemicals such as carotenoids, lignans, inulin, beta-glucan and phenolic. These chemicals ...

Introduction:

Clean non-polluted water is a major basic requirement for all the living things. Nowadays, its availability becomes a major problem in the ecosystem. This problem is expected to increase in the future due to population growth and industrialization processes. The processes discharge of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes contribute largely to the contamination of existing natural waters in the environment. Therefore, at the present moment, it is important that the pathogens and pollutants are completely removed from the waste water to cater for the needs of domestic use, industrial use, and irrigation purposes. This paper discusses two processes of oxidation and ...

Fast D. and Conry, J. (2009). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and the Criminal Justice System.

Developmental Disabilities Research Review 15: 250 – 257.

This paper examines the relationship between the long-life nervous syndrome that is found in people with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) and their participation in the criminal justice system. According to the article, the FASDs are caused by exposure to alcohol during the prenatal stage. The article provides some of the disabilities associated with people having the FASDs to include poor judgment, learning disabilities, and social ineptness. The authors argue that the foregoing disabilities make people predisposed to unfair treatment and increased involvement in ...

Abstract

Studies in mechanics have evolved to be the most fundamental tool in the innovation of new materials and advanced technology. Specifically, studies in Continuum Mechanics, has been very influential in producing materials that exhibit various desirable characteristics at the expense of size and weight. Nanotubes are a perfect example of how this study has impacted the evolution in material technology. It has been used as the basis for the explanation of these complex materials as well as provisions for their behavioral effects during machining. The wide use of nanotubes in fragile fields like technical textile supplements, truly depict the stretchy ...

Analysis of Oil Palm Shell Concrete-A Review

Many researches have been conducted on to use oil palm shell (OPS) as the light weight material in last three decades. It is an agricultural waste normally generated from palm oil industry. This industry is normally situated in Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and some other countries. There are many products being made from OPS. The use of OPS as lightweight aggregate in making concrete mix is the main project of many companies in different countries including Malaysia that was first introduced by Abdullah in 1984. Malaysia playing an important role in manufacturing of different oil palm products as it gives ...

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Literature Review

Introduction
Dentistry as a branch of medical science has successfully and uniquely combined the principles of human science and the art of healing. The dental profession in particular has changed during the past years due to the review of scientific evidences that emerged in the health fields and medicine that rely on systematic approach. The findings from several literatures suggest clinical practices and other relevant concepts pointing out the recommended frequency of visits to dental practitioners for various types of patients. This includes patients suffering from oral cancer, periodontal diseases, and caries risk. In ...

Impacts of Police Corruption on the Community of Paterson

Impact of Police Corruption on the Community of Paterson
Introduction
Corruption by the police is an act that involves the police acting beyond their powers by demanding money from people and in an unreasonable manner. Though the actions may be in relation to their duty, further revelations dictate that police corruption accompany excess force. Inhuman treatment is another aspect of police corruption. Police corruption pauses impacts on any community under the exercise of the vile (Mouris, 2013). Among the impacts, we have categories that take the form of social, economic, political, psychological and religious dimensions (Council of ...

Introduction

Many people frequently use the words “homicide” and “murder” interchangeably, but they are not the same. Homicide is a legal term referring to any killing of human by another human being. On the other hand, murder requires the intent to kill another human being. Homicide involves any death where a person has a fault, but there appears mitigating circumstances that can influence the charge of homicide. Those convicted of murder carry two charges, which include homicide and the malicious intent to kill. The United States laws carve exceptions form some killings, which would otherwise fall under criminal laws against murder or manslaughter. ...

Abstract

Tipping is a common activity between a service provider and the customer. It is very customary in the food services industry, and there is equal evidence of its practice in a number of other sectors. Determining how and why tipping takes place has been a research agenda for some time. This paper discusses the major views on this subject and demonstrates their contribution to the general debate on tipping. The works evaluated in this paper are those found to be central to the debate, specifically due to their nature of applicability, validity and comprehensive handling of the concept validity. The paper will discuss ...

Management Accounting Literature Review

The business environment in Malaysia has experienced several changes over the recent years. These changes have been brought about by globalization that has introduced new technologies in the country. The technologies have opened the business environment in Malaysia to new challenges and competitive forces. The central Government economic policy has helped business people to mitigate challenges associated with management accounting. The policy is in line with the country’s vision 2020, which aims at reforming the management of its resources, and it has contributed greatly to the manufacturing industry in the country. The manufacturing industry is a key contributor to ...

Abstract

Microscopic analysis of materials is generally complex; hence engineers always look for alternative methods of analysis, by appropriate modelling. In specific, studying the damage of materials is important in almost every discipline of science/engineering/technology. Material damage includes the beginning, advancement and fracture of materials. The most important tool so far, used to analyze this damage, is called damage mechanics which relies heavily on continuum mechanics. It encompasses useful theories for the representation, modelling, and analysis of material damage. Broadly speaking, damage mechanics utilizes state variables to show the effects of damage. For instance, the variations in stiffness, and the ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

The literature review didn’t fill the gap, because in spite of pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of Constructivism, there is a scope for further research. There is no proper quoting of the sources, and thus, the literature review remains incomplete. There remains to have a brief introduction, and a summarization of Constructivism. There needs to be an overview of the essay topic, so that the reader is not boggled with all information at first. The language of the essay will be easy and the topic will be easy to grasp. The significance of my study will be that it will ...

Introduction

Industrial/Organizational psychology is an applied science dealing with psychology of ‘people at work’. (Kalat 2002). The workplace dynamics comprise of both tangible and non-tangible elements, both of which impact on employee satisfaction. Satisfied employees tend to be more committed and enthusiastic about their work. Moreover, employee satisfaction and dedication is contingent on a number of closely related variables such as, employee engagement, empowerment, the perceived (organizational) support structures as well as the organization’s commitment to employee welfare. Employees feel empowered when they have more opportunities for interacting with colleagues, a certain level of decision making authority and are accorded a fair ...

Thesis statement

Learning various languages expands the boundaries for people and provides the different opportunities to cross-cultural dialogue, business development and employment. About 60% of the World population speak more than one language. Acquiring correct and intellible pronunciation, according to general observation, is one of the hardest tasks for all language learners.
Most of the additional language learners develop an accent, that allows other people to distinguish non-native speaker and to make suggestions about her origin and native language. Presence of an accent commonly does not change intelligibility of the speech (perceived phonological constancy, Mulak et al., 2013), that is ...

Importance of Hotel Attributes Contributing to International Travelers’ Satisfaction in Singapore Luxury Hotel Industry- Literature Review

Importance of Hotel Attributes Contributing to International Travelers’ Satisfaction in Singapore Luxury Hotel Industry- Literature Review

Introduction

International travelers visit different countries on business, leisure or personal purposes. These travelers are diverse in their demographic characteristics, spending patterns and preference for accommodation while travelling abroad. As travelers “what people really desire are not products, but satisfying experiences” (Abbott, 1955 cited in Palmer, 2010). Luxury hotels have embraced the idea of creating unique, valuable and unforgettable experiences so that they get repeat and loyal customers on a continuous basis. Morrison & Crane (2007) rightly emphasize that contemporary consumers no longer simply buy products ...

The bible is the world’s bestselling book and the most read all around the world. People buy and read the bible for various reasons but the main one is for inspiration. The knowledge and wisdom found in the bible makes most people develop a desire for more information. However, most people do not get enough of what they desire from the bible simply because they do not know how to go about it. Others have considered the bible to be a complicated book as they are unable to connect events and understand it. It is for this reason that many ...

Akmansoy, Vesile & Kartal, Sadik (2014). Chaos Theory and its Application to Education: Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Case. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 14[2], 510–518.
This study surveyed thirty professors from different faculties at a university in Turkey on their opinions about wether certain aspects of chaos theory could be applied to education. It was a qualitative study, using a standardized set of open-ended questions posed in the same way and same order the the participants. In analyzing the data, two researchers independently coded the themes, and then compared results. Their percentage of agreement was sufficient for statistical validity. The ...

Hawkins, T. Charlotte., Flynn, L., & Clarke, P. S. (2008). Relationships between registered nurse staffing, process of nursing care, and nurse-reported patient outcomes in chronic hemodialysis units. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 35(2), 123- 145.
Cho, S. H., June, J. K., Kim, M. Y., Yoo, C. S., Yun, C. S., & Sung. H. Y. (2009). Nurse staffing, quality of nursing care and nurse job outcomes in intensive care units. Journal of clinical nursing, 18, 1729-1737. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
The main aim of this study was to scrutinize the relationship between nurse staffing and nurse-rated quality of nursing care and the ...

Abstract

The following paper analyzes three articles that deal with the effect of addicted mothers on infant development. The type of addiction that the paper concentrates on includes alcohol abuse, use of cocaine, marijuana, and heroin. Drug use during pregnancy has been on the higher rise as more young mothers engage in drug and alcohol abuse. Mothers who use non-prescribed when pregnant never realizes the dangers they expose their newborn babies to until the child is born and attains the age of five years. The paper will identify various problems analyzed in the selected articles and relate them to the ...

Instructional Uses Of 3d Modeling Or Animation

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to compare the results of two studies on the instructional uses of 3d modeling or animation, and whether they are having a positive impact on the learners. Different studies do point out to the positive outcome of uses of 3d modeling or animation in different fields. However, still more studies are needed in this direction to make robust conclusions as some of the studies display mixed results.

Introduction

3D modeling and technologies plays an important role in the educational process and creates a richer and interactive environment. The technology has made great strides in ...

Singapore has reinforced its position on the international stage on the basis of being an educational hub of academic which is presented as an attraction of top players in the region as well as around the world in the era of increased competition(Parmar, et al. 2010). The Asian model of liberal art in the contextual comparison of other nations on a global scale is actually held in the admiration and emulation of the increased variation from the humanistic endeavors of Tagore in the case of Indian and Korean models. Enthusiasts of the liberal arts in Singapore have alluded this ...

Socioeconomic status can be divided into many different sections. Some argue that it is only divided based on education, because this leads to certain occupations and a base income. These factors alone, some believe will influence one’s socioeconomic status. Moreover, some believe that the education one attains, and the socioeconomic status one rises to as a result of their education, may or may not have an impact on their obesity. Essentially, some studies show there is a relationship between education, socioeconomic status, and the level of obesity in today’s population, stating that how smart you are dictates how fat you ...

Article review: Creatine supplementation with specific view to exercise/sports performance: an update Robert Cooper, Fernando Naclerio, Judith Allgrove, and Alfonso Jimenez

Currently, a lot of research exists on creatine supplementation, the protocols involved administering it, forms in which it exists and its potential side effects. In spite of these, there is uncertainty concerning the mechanisms through which creatine acts while in the human body to improve cognitive and physical performance. This review had a main objective of analyzing some of the more recent findings on the various effects and the mechanisms applied in creatine supplementation in health and sports. A secondary ...

Bacillus thuringiensis is a gram-positive, spore-forming soil bacterium. It can be used as a biological pesticide, since it produces specific parasporal crystalline inclusions that have proven to be toxic for some widespread insect pests. That is why currently the main aim of the researches concerning these bacteria is creation and examination of new more effective strains to be used for control of the insect pest populations and development of insect resistant plants. The restriction enzymes are widely used for genome analysis of the different strains.
Valicente and da Silva have used restriction enzymes in their study to investigate the genetic ...

Literature ReviewName: Institution

Literature Review
The learning of a language for children is a very wanting task. However, children acquire language with relative ease as they experience various learning situations from their caregivers, siblings, and parents. In addition to this, children acquire various languages within the broad outline in accordance to a common trajectory (Ruston, & Schwanenflugel, 2010). Despite the ease of acquiring language, there are striking individual differences in the rate and timing of lexical and syntactic growth even among siblings.
The differences in the rate of acquiring language is quite significant due differences in environment. The role of parents can influence language ...

Abstract

The article,” The Relationship between Symptoms and Stress in Adolescents with Schizophrenia” is authored by Heeyoung Lee and Karen Schepp.The two authors are Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioners affiliated to the University of Pittsburgh and the Washington University respectively. This article is a quantitative research that aimed at examining the correlation between symptoms and stress in 40 adolescents suffering from schizophrenia. As such this paper aims at critiquing this article and subsequently addressing the gaps that exist in research and subsequently in the knowledge pertaining to schizophrenia in adolescents. In the pursuit to thoroughly critique this article, the paper will separately ...

[Professor]

Americans express different beliefs in the taboo idea of corporal punishment. Varied opinions exist in light of the said topic. Belief in using and even considering the importance of physical punishment as a method of child discipline has been an impending and resilient method throughout the generations of Americans from since the 17th century to the present. Currently, hundreds of years later, at the forefront of the 21st century, the American positivity on the use of physical punishment has been showing significant signs of decline (Gershoff, 11).
Physical punishment as defined by Gershoff is the use of physical ...

Brain size correlation

Literature Review
Research by scientists tends to show that there is disproportionate and sudden growth of brain during a person’s early years and autism. This seems to suggest that rapid excessive growth will likely prevent a child from making the necessary connections that guide one’s normal behavior. This research also indicates that adolescents and children who have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have brains that are smaller in percentage when compared to those without ADHD (Haier et al. 2005). Science tends to support the phenomenon that with age, brains shrink. This however may not affect cognitive functions. With ...

Introduction

The above quote alludes to the pliability and the malleability of plastic. Plastic is defined by the online version of the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as a synthetic material which is comprised of a variety of organic polymers which can be moulded into a shape while soft, and then set into a rigid, yet slightly flexible form. Glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) is plastic which has been reinforced or strengthened by the use of glass fibres. This composite material has been used in the construction of large-scale items such as luxury boats, missiles, and tanks, and small-scale items, such as tubs, fans, hoods and scrubbers [ ...

Obesity among adolescents in Saudi Arabia

A 2013 study by Abdulrahman Obaid Musaiger (University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain) and Nisreen Zagzoog showed interesting patterns in dietary habits and lifestyle among adolescent girls in Saudi Arabia. The study was designed to explore how differently girls from private and government schools live, in a dietary and health perspective. Most health and dietary surveys were traditionally focused and limited to government schools, but the research undertaken in the study took on a comparative aspect. A cross-sectional survey using multi-stage, stratified sampling was carried out on adolescent schoolgirls. The research design is experimental in nature. The research used placebo and control ...

Literature Review

Abstract
The increasing and rapidly evolving use of social media in general and Facebook in particular have reflected substantially on the different forms of friendship. This reflection can be seen as both positively and negatively. This literature review presents an analysis of how social media and in particularly Facebook has effected friendship. The paper has discussed various studies, research and surveys based on friendship, the human nature and behavior in respect to friendship and role of social media, especially role of Facebook on the forms of friendship. Different literature reviews have been used to present information and to ...

Authors’ name:

Literature Review
Scholars have extensively studied the importance of good business interaction. Most of these studies stress the centrality of good business communication in establishment of any business relationship. They all stress on the fact that information has to of high quality in terms of richness of information and frequency to establish a good relationship between business entities . Borghini and Rinallo (2013), argue that the development of beneficial business relationships is very crucial especially in marketing between different business entities. This state depends on the quantity and quality of information that the businesses exchange. The business community has turned ...

Captive Breeding of Marine Mammals: Challenges and Mitigating Measures

Introduction
The growing demand to sustain the current lifestyle of the human population puts an added strain to the natural resources of the world. The increase in the exploitation of tropical forests and marine communities leads to a series of habitat destruction thereby leaving thousands of species of both terrestrial and marine animal homeless (Soule et al., 1986). Since 1986, there are already about nineteen percent and nine percent of the world’s mammals and birds respectively that are bread by zoos as per the International Zoo Yearbook Census. Based on the International Species Inventory System, there are about ...

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is an illness or disorder that affects about 2-5 % of the world’s population and that that is characterized by musculoskeletal pain and general muscle stiffness. One of the suggested methods of treating this disorder is massage therapy. This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive literature review on the use of massage therapy as an effective intervention technique of Fibromyalgia. The paper will commence with a brief introduction that explains the basics of the disorder. This will then be followed by a comprehensive literature review of various article publications that have touched on the subject. The review will incorporate the methodology, ...

Children’s Literature has often been ignored by the academic world, especially when it is examined strictly on its content matter. The level of sophistication, as a story and as a study, is questioned especially when pitted against criticisms that do not take into account the structure of children’s stories. A narratological approach may be a way to elevate the reception of Children’s Literature study and also give a deeper understanding of the story at hand. Before going on, perhaps it would be wise to understand what the term “narratology” means. Narratology refers to the branch of literary criticism that examines ...

Research Question: Do health care workers comply with hand washing strategies at the hospital level?

Annotated Bibliography
Asare, A., Enweronu-Laryea, C. C., & Newman, M. J. (2009). Hand hygiene practices in a neonatal intensive care unit in Ghana. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 3(05), 352-356.
In this study, the researchers sought to assess hand hygiene practices and the nature of patient contact in physicians and nurses at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Ghana. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional, lasted two weeks, and the amount time of observation daily was 5 hours. The researchers assessed compliance to alcohol rub as well. Compliance to hand washing before and after patient contact ...

Introduction

A quantitative research design is the process of explaining a situation under observation through collecting numerical data, which is statistically analyzed. Every research must explain a phenomenon (Wetcher-Hendricks, 2011). For example, the two studies selected in this case explain different phenomena. The study by Tesli, Egeland, Sonderby, Haukvik, Bettella, and many others investigates the influence of genetic risk variants such as enlarged ventricles and volumetric reductions on structural brain abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder (BD). The second study by Meesters, Schouws, Stek, Haan, Smit, Eikelenboom, Beekman and Comijs investigated the distinction between the cognitive impairment in late-life schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. ...

Introduction

The essence of effective and efficient leadership and governance is one of the emerging aspects that are compelling organizations to embrace such strategies to achieve a competitive advantage (Bai, 2004). The increase on capital markets competition plus the demand on different markets based issues are some of the major factors forcing corporations to develop effective and efficient strategies on positioning their corporations in global competitive position. This depicts need to ensure corporate governance forms a critical entity in relation to defining the competitiveness of the organization.
Through conducting a detailed literature review on corporate governance, the paper seeks to offer a clear ...

Introduction

The physiological and emotional impacts of stress have been widely discussed in the fields of social and health psychology. It is no longer a secret that exposure to stress carries a bevy of physiological and psychological detriments, yet the existing research on the best ways to mitigate the detrimental effects of stress is not as conclusive. While stress is frequently studied, the wide variety of operational definitions of stress, as well as the wide variety of stressors in existence make it difficult to create conclusive research. While there is no “one size fits all” approach to stress mitigation, there are some ...

Abstract

The purpose of this discussion is to determine the relationship between human papillomavirus type 16 and the incidence of cervical cancer in adult women. As such, prevalence and distribution of cervical cancer will be discussed, as will the current literature regarding the correlation between and potential causative effects of human papillomavirus type 16 on cervical cancer. Some of the studies examined in this discussion focus almost entirely on specific populations, but this discussion will focus on a more global, universal approach to the correlation between HPV-16 and cervical cancer. The literature reviewed in this discussion focuses primarily on discoveries and ...

[Author]

Introduction

This literature review is intended to determine the effect of infection to the disability, mobility and psychological state of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, comparing each in accordance to compliance or not of the surgical procedure to the Surgical Care Improvement Project (SCIP). Upon review however of the five available orthopedic surgical studies, there was no indication of any compliance or not to the SCIP protocol of the surgical procedures performed. The nearest mention of elements found in the protocol, such as anesthesia (SCIP-3) and postoperative blood glucose (SCIP-4) measurement, was found in Lin, Lin, Huang, Hsu, & Lin (2011). ...

Introduction

Psychology pertains to the study of human behavior, reactions, personalities, or even as specific and complicated as how the brain works and functions. It can be considered both as a form of academic discipline and a branch of applied science that deals with the study of different brain functions that are related to mental processes and individual human behaviors. Studying psychology, unlike other academic disciplines, often involves unique processes such as the establishment of generally accepted principles and theories, and verifying the validity of such through research that more often than not involves verification using individual and or group cases. Just ...

Abstract

This paper, is aimed at reviewing literature on the topic of soft skills and emotional intelligence employed by the project leaders in order to improve the outcome of the people working under them. The paper starts with an introduction about the topic while highlighting few soft skills that are exhibited at the workplace environment. The paper then proceeds to reviewing literature available on the topic of soft skills in project leaders. Few books, articles and researches have been selected for inclusion in the literature review. A brief review of each source is mentioned in the literature review section of ...

ID Number

Introduction

The use of statistics in behavioral sciences examines the relationships between variables. This paper discusses the application of statistical measures such as t-test, ANOVA, and chi-square on three different studies to determine the correlation between variables. The objectives of this paper include the following:

Article 1: The Effects of Participation in Athletics on Academic Performance among High School Sophomores and Juniors

An ongoing discussion concerning the impacts of participation in athletics on academic accomplishment has been around since the 60s. Recently, this issue has ballooned due to the imposed limits on budget for education. A lot of decision makers also found it comforting to cut programs intended for athletic development due to their notion ...

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease and the number of cases is increasing worldwide among the public. Each year worldwide, over More than 12 million people are diagnosed with TB and over 4000,000 people die due to the disease. The large population and poor standards of living can have a major impact on TB epidemics. Can there be a new alternative to traditional use of drugs for treatment of tuberculosis? Most of the drugs approved by the FDA have no lasting effect on patients with tuberculosis, since the strains of bacteria have acquired resistance leading to a state of Multi-drug resistance. An ...

Recent research in industrialized countries provides evidence of the significant role that psychosocial factors play in health and disease. As such, these factors cannot be ignored in the assessment of patients, health promotion, illness prevention, and disease management. Examples of psychosocial factors are lack of social support systems and stress where individual experiences of these adverse events increase the risks for acute and chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arthritis. Research provides evidence of psychosocial interventions and the important role of nurses in reducing these risks.
In their review of literature on the association of CVD ...

The fast growing increase of female in U.S. prisons

Introduction

According to the latest statistics from the Bureau of justice Statistics, US Department of Justice, American, the rate at which a number of women are getting detained and thrown behind bars is despicable. As opposed to their male counterparts, women face an uphill task when they are confined both in prison and jail cells. The major causes for their conviction include mental challenges, pregnancy, sexual abuse, property theft, prostitution, aggravated robbery, family violence, forgery, wanton endangerment, burglary and assault.
The most controversial of them all are the convicts who have ...

Abstract

As the majority of the people are becoming more aware of the adverse effects of petroleum-based products consumption and of the continued diminishing of natural fuel oil reserves all over the world, the search for more environmentally friendly and renewable substitute is becoming the focus of many studies. Such substitute products include the soybean-based adhesives, and soybean-based adhesive bonded wood composites and particle boards. In this study, a “literature review” was conducted in order to identify the many issues associated with the search for a replacement for petroleum-based adhesives. Accordingly, the issues identified are (1) environmental friendliness, such as the biodegradability ...

The impact of poverty on the young population is greater than would appear from an outside perspective. Approximately one in six children in Australia lives below the poverty line, a figure that has increased since 2003. Those in poverty are defined as making less than half of the median income. In all 575,000 children were in poverty according to 2009-2010 data.
There are some effects of poverty on childhood development that are not immediately tangible. According to Lipina and Colombo, the impact of various types of deprivation early in life can have lasting cognitive and neurological impacts on ...

An investigation was conducted at the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates to assess the dental students' oral hygiene measures, their oral health status, and the effect of knowledge gained in preventive aspects on their personal health attitudes (Yildiz and Dogan 259). A sample of ninety-three students was taken, after their voluntary response, for study under the approval of the University’s Research Ethics Board. The students were provided with questionnaires consisting of twenty polar responses (agree/disagree) and additional two questions on brushing and flossing the frequency (Cortes et al. 1208).
The result of the study ...

Introduction

Hospital-home transition is a very challenging task that if not well managed leads to a number of challenges. It is commonly known that most patients face a number challenges in the first few weeks after discharge. Such readmissions lead to extra hospital cost making it expensive in the end. Therefore, there has been unceasing research on the various ways through which readmissions to the hospital can be reduced. Follow ups after discharge has been perceived to be one of the effective ways of reducing readmission cases. Specifically, follow up phone call after discharge is believed, though not confirmed, to be a way of ...

Al-Khairy in his study discusses the problems that Saudi-English Learners experince in their quest to improve their wriring skils. He aserts that the nature of the task offered to the student determines to a great extent their proficiency in writing. Al-Khairy in his discussion notes that writing is more than just possesion of knowlegde on a task as it entails the comunication of ideas. Thus if the task at hand implies a level of complexity, then there is no doubt that the student will be faced with a problem in analysing the task as well as gaining ideas that can help them communicate ...

Introduction

An individual does not get fully developed until after the second year after birth. This means that brain development does not complete at birth since it takes additional two years outside the womb of the mother for it to be fully developed . Now, there are a lot of things that can happen and experiences that can be encountered within those two years. Some sources suggest that the events and experiences are among the factors that can influence nervous system growth and brain development in particular.
It is being argued that an infant who got more exposed to more stimulating ...

Question 1: Research Questions and purpose

This research was purposely designed to investigate the effects associated with racial stressors on the cardio-vascular responses among both the African Americans and the Caucasian men. It was also tailored to capture the role played by hostility in exacerbating cardio-vascular responses. It was set to test the previous studies that had asserted that anger-provoking and racist stimuli elicited greater increases n the blood pressure than neutral stimuli in both the African Americans as well as their Caucasian counterparts.

Some of the research questions this study was responding to include:

- What is the role of hostility in exacerbating cardiovascular responses?
- Do race stressors increase cardiovascular responses than other ...

Young students who are currently studying in American colleges are an asset to the nation. They are the future leaders and, therefore, it is in the nation’s interest for campuses to encourage healthy habits as they impart curiosity and intellectual discipline. The health status of the mind and the body influence each other. Smoking of cigarettes poses the biggest danger to the health of those enrolled in college campuses. Studies have shown that a quarter of college students smoke tobacco, more than half of them doing it daily. Despite decline in the number cigarette smokers, 18% of college students ...