Energy Reports Samples For Students

Infrared Camera (or IR Camera) is a device that utilizes infrared radiation to form images. The rational of the camera is similar to a common camera that uses visible to capture image (Thermal imaging cameras for Research and Developments, n.d). However, the IR camera deviates from the normal nanometer range of visible light which is 450-479 nanometers, IR cameras function in wavelengths reaching up to 14,000 nm longs. The device had a long history behind at. Sir William Herschel pioneered the discovery of infrared, but the infrared rays were used mainly to measure thermal energy. The detectors were used during the ...

Objectives

The aim of this experiment is to study the effective thermal conductivity of a heat pipe. This is achieved by measuring the difference in temperature across the heat pipe and another conductor made of the same material and size. The temperature measurement for both the pipe and conductor is done under identical thermal conditions.

Apparatus

- Copper-water heat pipe – The specimen whose thermal conductivity is to be found. It is represented in Figure 1.
- Solid Copper Wire – The reference material of same size.
- Thermocouple (quantity – 3) – Temperature measuring instrument (analogue).
- Multi-channel digital thermometer – Temperature measuring ...

Abstract

The experiment is aimed at constructing a step-up transformer. This is due to the type of materials being used and the number of rolls that the wire is rolled on the U-shaped material. This can easily be related to the alternating current that is tapped from one source to the other. This current can easily be measured in respect to the size of the voltage that is alternated in between the primary transformer and that of the secondary transformer. The number of coils in the primary material is two; the other secondary coil has four coils. The material used to ...

Methods of Heat Transfer

Conduction
The first method through which heat is transferred from one object to another is conduction. Conduction occurs in liquids and solids through transfer of kinetic energy present in one particle to the immediate particle(s) in its surrounding. By considering the bonds existing between atoms and molecules in solids as elastic links, the vibration of one particle due to increase energy level caused by heat, the next in its line vibrate too. This process is replicated in adjacent particles thereby allowing transfer of thermal energy from a body with a higher temperature as compared to the one with low ...

Ryan Gleason

Salem Almansoori
Introduction
Ballistic pendulum as illustrated in Figure 1 below is a classical method of measuring the speed of bullets. This technique, which is commonly used in investigation of bullet speeds, relies heavily on the basic laws of conservation in physics.
Figure 1 Ballistic Pendulum Set-up
Figure 2 illustrates how the experiment is executed chronologically from the time the ‘bullet’ is launched to the time it ceases travelling at the maximum angular displacement. In the illustration, the bullet of mass, m and initial velocity, v hits a stationary pendulum cup and it is embedded in it ...

Abstract

This is a lab report that examines an empirical study of the role of caffeine in the human body and impact and reason for continuous consumption of caffeine. The research involves a study of 1060 respondents who are examined in various elements and aspects of the effects of caffeine on them.
The research identifies that there is an empirical evidence of an increase in energy levels amongst people who consume coffee. However, this change is not so large when compared to consumers of Rooibos tea. Also, the research indicates that energy levels are not significantly increased by people who take ...

LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser is a powerful source of light with properties that are not found in normal light sources. Laser sensors offer long ranges of detections and high resolutions. They are good at accuracy, speed and reliability. They work at temperatures irrespective of variations. Lasers occur in various mediums such as solid, liquid, gas and semiconductor.
Laser is an electronic diode that converts an energy source into a thin and concentrated beam of light, which is used to detect very small objects or to reach very high distances. The laser ...

Figure 1 Schematic representation of hot water solar system in a building 11
Figure 2 Twenty Years Solar Energy Consumption in different regions 12

Benefits of Solar Energy

Abstract
There are various sources of energy in the world and these sources include wind energy, tidal powers, solar energy, thermal power, energy from fossil fuel and so forth. Moreover, this alternative renewable energy source can facilitate in minimizing the greenhouse effect. Solar energy has been in use for a long time; however, immense advancement in the field is only taking place in the recent past. The solar technologies can be outlined into two classes ...

Introduction

A motion detector refers to a device that is used to detect objects on motion, specifically people. This device is sometimes integrated as a system component that performs a task automatically or alerts the user of any motion detected in an area. In addition, motion detectors are very important component of home control, security, energy efficiency, automated lighting control, and other vital systems. There are four different types of detectors/sensors that are used in a motion sensor spectrum, and they include passive infrared (PIR), Ultrasonic, Microwave and Tomographic motion detector.

The earlier designs were very unreliable. For example, the automatic sensor-based lighting would ...

1. Abstract
The sodium iodide scintillator detector is a very important type of inorganic scintillators. The main function of this scintillator is to detect gamma rays by interaction of ionizing radiation and the materials of that scintillator. In this experiment, we learned the applications of this detector and how the process of detecting happens.
2. Introduction
This lab experiment is designed to make the student learn about scintillation detectors and how do they detect gamma and beta ray such as the effect of a sodium iodide NaI(Tl) scintillator. This type of detector the scintillation materials interact with ...

Introduction

A turbulent jet is a source of energy and momentum in a fluid tank. A jet is considered fully turbulent at a jet laminar for Rej below about 100 and Reynolds number Rej above about 1’000 – 2’000. Therefore, the limit between a turbulent jet and laminar is around the Reynolds number of 3’000 and the significant characteristics of the jet are its discharge and momentum flux.

Eq. 2; Qj = vjAj – jet volume flux
Rej = vjdjv = jet Reynolds number
Frj = vj√g'dj = densimetric jet Froude number

Where;

Vj is the jet velocity at entry point
Aj is the tank ...

Lab Report 7

Introduction
The electrical motor is the device, which converts electrical energy into the mechanical energy. It is must to analyze the characteristics of electric motor. The electric motor is always considered as the dynamic device, which changes its performance influenced by various factors. It is necessary to analyze the important electrical parameters of the electric motor, in order, to use the electrical motor for the particular applications. The electric motor is used in the applications like pumping, home appliances, lifts, cranes, etc. This report discusses about the construction of the electrical motor, and mainly, it discusses about the ...

LAB#7A

Theory and Operation
1. Black Direct Acting Pressure Relief Valve
This lab is used to analyze the action of various values by disassembling and assembling. This valve is used to describe its action in the hydraulic circuits.

Action of Black Direct Acting Pressure Release Value

The relief valve acts as the fuse or circuit breaker in an electric circuit. An electric circuit blows a fuse unless it overloads. The hydraulic circuits allow the relief value to dump. Protecting the pump from the excess pressure is the main function of a relief valve. The direct acting relief value responds quickly to the pressure tries to go and observe ...

Introduction

Efficient energy utilization is an important aspect of human life. The principle of conservation of energy states that energy can never be created nor destroyed. Thus, it is essential to utilize the energy available for us effectively and efficiently. Energy can be transformed from one form to another by use of appropriate transducers. When designing a house, it is essential to do it with the greatest regard to efficient energy use as well as safety to the environment. House designers should always come up with designs that promote efficient energy use. For instance, utilization of renewable energy should be maximized. ...

A better understanding of thermodynamics may be achieved by understanding the general molecular structure of matter as it exists in water and steam. Molecules are the smallest amount of the compound material that has complete chemical traits of that element, which can exist. Molecules consist of smaller particles that define basic elements called atoms. Most minerals constituents can exist in solid, liquid and vapor states called phases. The three phases of a substance can only coexist in equilibrium at a given temperature and pressure. In the liquid state, the molecules can move, but they are still one molecular diameter apart to ...

Introduction

There are many resemblances that can be observed in magnetic and electric phenomena. A magnet comprised of north and south poles which are opposite to each other. The opposite poles attract and likewise repel each other. A magnet has principle property to influence the surrounding space. This surrounding effect of a magnet is known as a magnetic field.
Magnetic fields consist of lines of force and force of attraction and repulsion that travel/or move along the lines. The developed forces depend on strength and distance apart the poles.
Figure 1: Magnetic lines of force for bar magnet
A ...

Statoil is a Global Energy Company which operates in 33 different countries. The company is ranked #39 on the FT Global 500 listing with annual revenues of $124.4B and profit of $11.8B in 2013. Statoil has been in operations for 40 years, with an employee base of 23,000 world-wide and has its corporate headquarters in Norway.

- Natural Gas
- New Energy
- Production Facilities (Oil and Gas)
- Procurement
- Trading
- Exploration & Production
Statoil takes Corporate Social Responsibility seriously. As evidenced by 2 of the 6 operations. The New Energy segment ...

Control valves are an important gadget in engineering and the building of structures. Virtually, there are thousands of loops that determine how machines operate. Fundamentally, a valve controls the thermodynamic flow of fluid through regulation of fluid volume and speed. In essence, material flow at every point in the loop is the control using a control valve. In the engineering, there are fluid loops that contain energy transmission fluids, as well as loops containing different materials related to the nature of the end product manufactured. As a matter of fact, besides the structural characteristics that a control valve possesses, there are numerous accessories ...

Report: To the University Management Council

The sustainable development initiative is an approach on various factors that concerns the well-being of the community in a sustainability perspective. The factors in question include, research, economic development, environmental conservation and education. (Freedman & Jaggi, 2010). The environmental conservation aspect is usually done and encouraged by various players in the society including government and nongovernmental organizations. The major aim of conservation is to avert serious implications that are brought about by imbalances in the ecosystem (Kahraman & Baig, 2010). In connection to this and as a wakeup call, I hereby write to your esteemed office to find it worthy your consideration to ...

A collision refers to a physical situation where kinetic energy of momentum of an object is transferred from an object to the other one. In physics, collisions are classified as either elastic or inelastic. Conservation laws; energy conservation and momentum conservation are important tools in the analysis of collisions. Various literatures and experimental studies have confirmed that it is difficult to assess the interaction of bodies during collision. Therefore, main objective of this work is to demonstrate to relate the various parameters such as velocities and masses of the system using the principle of conservation of energy and momentum.

The momentum of an object of mass, m and velocity, v is represented mathematically as shown below:

momentum, ...

Introduction and Theory

The main aim of this experiment is to investigate energy and momentum conservation in a closed system. Momentum and energy conservation principles are significant physical variables that engineers use when describing various physical phenomenon. Momentum of a body is a vector quantity, which is given by the product of its velocity and mass. In collision theory, the momentum of the body is always conserved when two bodies collide. The principle of momentum conservation applies to both elastic and inelastic conservation irrespective of the dynamic interaction between the two objects. This report demonstrates the application of momentum equation in determination of motion parameters ( ...

- Stress in the Thin Cylinder Subjected to Internal Pressure
- Discussion on Lab Results
I would like to start with the proverb “Err is Human”. All the scientific experiments conducted in the research lab are always subjected to the errors. Most of the errors are due to the human mistakes while taking the reading, and it was called as the parallax errors. This report may contain the certain types of errors. Now, we can analysis about Table 1 and Table 2.
The table 1 speaks about pressure (N/MM 2) and gauge (ε). If a pressure increases the ...

Introduction

The purpose of the experiment was to study Ohm’s law and to investigate the relationship between current and voltage in metal wire, lamp filament and diode.

Theory

Electric current (I) is defined as the rate at which charges flow through a conductor. Current flows when a conductor is connected to a power supply in a complete circuit. The battery provides the energy needed to move the charges through a conductor. The energy supplied by battery per unit charge is called voltage. Voltage is a measure of electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. The potential difference between two terminals of a power supply is referred ...

MEMORANDUM

This memorandum gives a description the extended description of how solar heat is generated for cooking. This description will include sections as follows: purpose of the concept, principles of heat, materials requirements, design principles, operation of solar cooking device, and future development. With this information, the basic description of the concept of solar cooking shall have been described.

Purpose of the concept

Solar cooking is a technology that is utilized in using the solar energy to generate heat for cooking. This is a technology that has been seen to help many users utilize solar energy for cooking. With this technology, energy from the solar system has ...

5- Cuk converter analysis .

6- Overview on Series Connection of DC-DC Converters...
7- Reference..

Introduction

There are various methods that determine the existence of DC-DC voltage conversion. Each method has certain benefits and drawbacks based on the operating conditions and specifications, such as voltage conversion ratio range, the maximal output power, power conversion efficiency, number of components, power density, galvanic separation of input and output and many others. When designing a fully-integrated DC-DC converter, the specifications are relevant; however, some of them gain weight due to the emergence of restrictions. For instance, in the case of IC technology, the options and availability of the ...

Global warming is the average scale rise in the earth’s temperatures. It also means the increase of temperatures of the air, land surface and the ocean. The oceans stores the energy produced by global warming leading to increased temperatures in it and also melting the ice leading to rising above sea level. The global sea surface and air temperatures have risen by 0.8 0C since the early twentieth-century making humans get worried about their future. The greatest cause of global warming is from carbon emission due to human activities. The effects of global warming are devastating such as ...

Research analysis indicates that hydraulic jumps may occur in places like rivers and any other fast flowing liquid channels. They occur when liquids with a high rate of kinetic energy are slowed down immediately leading to its format. These hydraulic jumps can happen in in places like waterfalls and also in fast flowing cataracts. According to Bonn 2009, a hydraulic jump occurs in open channel flows which include spillways and rivers. A high velocity of liquid discharges into a lower velocity zone and an immediate rise occurs on the surface of the fluid. An immediate slowdown of the rapidly flowing liquid occurs ...

Lab partner's name:

TA’s name:
Section no
Objective:
Purpose of this lab experiment was to gain knowledge about rotational motion from an energy viewpoint and to perceive how moment of inertia depends on the rotation axis for a given object. During this experiment a constant torque created a constant angular acceleration for a rigid body rotating about its center of mass.

Experimental Data:

Dimension of steel box = 0.05m x 0.04m. X 0.03m.
Mass = 0.442 kg;
Hanging mass = 20 g.

Medium Pulley:

1) Long -ways (longer axis):
Slope = 27± 0.35 ; Slope indicates angular acceleration i.e. α.
ωi = 0.45 rad/sec ϴi = 0.157 rad
...

Introduction

Alternative renewable energy continues to grow popularity because of the upsetting climate change caused by greenhouse gases, exhaustion of non-renewable energy resources and rising global demand for energy. Renewable resources of electricity production are vital progress and are fundamentally motivated by cost.
Solar energy is clean and profuse that is why it is the best among the available substitutes. The modern solid-state photovoltaic (PV) technology began in 1954 upon the discovery of silicon (Si) diodes photovoltaic effect . Crystalline Si and a wide range of thin film solar cells, which are inorganic, are the prevailing photovoltaic technologies employed nowadays .
...

Assignment

Calculate the theoretical discharge for each trial using Eqn. 5.

Replacing all the values
= 5.4 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 1.53/2
=36.69

Trial 2:

Replacing all the values
= 5.3 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 1.753/2
= 61.86

Trial 3:

Replacing all the values
= 5.2 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 23/2
= 90.59

Trial 4:

Replacing all the values
= 5.1 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 2.253/2
= 126.51

Trial 5:

Replacing all the values
= 5.04 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 2.53/2
= 171.5

Trial 6:

Replacing all the values
= 4.97 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 2.753/2
= 225.09

Trial 7:

Replacing all the values
= 4.89 * 6 * 9.81/2 * (2/3)3/2 * 33/2
...

1.0 Introduction
Water is an important component of life and without it life on earth will be non-existent. About ¾ of this planet is made up of water and it is a surprise, therefore, to find out that more than a billion people do not have access to clean water. According to the United Nations, the uneven distribution of water is endangering an increasing number of people although there is enough water in the planet to supply its entire population (2014). This situation is particularly true in areas that are classified as arid regions or regions with precipitation characterized as low, ...

Introduction 3

Background on Report 3
Current Technologies
Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Technology 5
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) 8
Solar Heating and Cooling (SCH) Technology 10
Analysis and Recommendation 11
Conclusion 12
Figures and Tables
Figure 1: Diagram of a P-N junction in a Photovoltaic Cell 6
Figure 2: A Typical Parabolic Through CSP System 9
Figure 3: Wakiki Shore Apartments in Honolulu, Hawaii 11

Used in Contemporary Society

Introduction
The use of fossil fuels results in combustion gases which contribute to global warming. Furthermore, these combustion gases result in air pollution which is detrimental to the ...

Figure 1 Schematic parabolic concentrated solar power (Source adopted: Chu, 2011) 5
Figure 2 Systematic mechanism of Dish/Engine System 12
Figure 3 Illustration of section-A of figure-2 12

Recommendation Report: Dish/Engine Type-The Best Concentrated Solar Power Technology

Introduction
The sun has provided the earth and everything in it with immense energy for years, and lots of these energies are left untapped. Even with the unprecedented advancement in technology today, only a little solar power is tapped. The studies reported that the side of the Earth having facing towards the Sun, a square kilometer at the outer edge of the atmosphere gets solar power up to 1,400 ...

TA’s Name
Objective of Section
The experiment was aimed at investigating collision in two dimensions. The study sort to check whether the recorded energy after the collision is equal to the theoretical figure as well as calculating the discrepancy realized.

Experimental Data

Data Analysis
In two dimension collision, the momentum and kinetic energy before and after collision should be equal. The law of conservation of energy stipulates that the energy before and after collision should be equal, especially if there was no lost energy. However, in reality, some energy is converted into other forms of energy, hence ...

Abstract

Scientists have conducted multiple ab initio calculations to determine the infrared spectra and the array of complexes BrH: NH3, ClH: NH3 and FH: NH3. Additionally, the research incorporates investigating the effects of inert gasses’ atoms on the infrared spectra and arrangements. The scientists constructed a double dimension MP2/6-31+G (d, p) energy surface for complexes XH: NH3. The two-facet Schrodinger calculations were solved for the dimer and the proton stretching series. Most complexes have differing infrared spectra even though their equilibrium arrangements are characterized by traditional hydrogen bonds. The grounds (v=0) and (v=1) that are both found in FH.NH3 describe the ...

Earthquakes are vibrations of the Earth that are caused by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along faults or breaks within the earth's crust. The elastic-rebound theory is a model used to explain the origin of earthquakes. It illustrates the buildup of elastic strain from stresses within the earth's crust and the abrupt release of energy along faults as the rocks return or rebound to their initial state (Ristau 249; Hamblin and Christiansen 510). The point within the Earth where the earthquake's energy is generated by the initial slippage or movement is called the focus. The epicenter is the ...

Day in, day out, new advancements are being made in the world of physics, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to keep track of all of them. While one reads them every now and then in the newspapers, there is not a single record of the significant achievements made in a single year. Given the change in lifestyle that has occurred in the past two decades, advancements have been made a foregone conclusion in leaps and bounds every year. In order to solve this predicament of keeping track of the most important progressions, Hamish Johnston in his article “Cosmic neutrinos named Physics ...

ABSTRACT

In the vibrating beam experiment, an aluminum cantilever beam was made to vibrate. An accelerometer transducer was used to convert the mechanical vibrations into a signal that was fed into an oscilloscope via a power supply. The oscilloscope mapped the signal into a sine curve and displayed it on the screen.
The oscillations’ decay curve was studied and the beam’s damping ratio was determined. The decay curve’s logarithmic decrement was used to determine the beam’s damping ratio and its natural frequency.
The beam’s damping ratio was observed to be underdamped at a damping ratio of 0.0066.

LIST OF SYMBOLS

E ...

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY POLICIES

References13
Abstract
Energy consumption and energy production is the major industry. Energy production and exploring ways of producing energy in an efficient way is necessary. Some countries prefer conventional sources and some have more natural resources so they prefer to produce energy through renewable energy resources (RES). So here in this paper we will discuss some of the energy production sources and their impact on the economy of the state. On the other hand, merits and demerits of the selected energy resource will be discussed. At the end, it will be concluded that which energy production source ...

Report: Tennessee Nuclear Power Plant – Watts Bar 2

Report: Tennessee Nuclear Power Plant – Watts Bar 2

Introduction

This report covers the Watts Bar 2 nuclear power plant currently nearing completion at Spring City in Tennessee. The interesting aspect of its construction is that it was started way back in the 1970s, at a time when electricity demand was rising and the future of coal supplies for coal-fired power plants was viewed as problematic (Wald, 2014). The Tennessee Valley Authority (T.V.A.) began its construction as part of a plan for 17 nuclear reactors in total. However, in the 1980s, at around the time that its predecessor (Watts Bar 1) was subject ...

Figure 1Mechanism of electron flow in solar cell 3
Figure 2 Structure of typical Photovoltaic solar cell 3
Figure 3 Types and efficiency of different PV cells 4
Figure 4: Laboratory scale efficiency associated with size of different PV cells in China 5
Figure 5 Working mechanism or Principle of Solar Cell (Rongqiang.2006) 6
Figure 6 Efficiency for different silicon cells having varying combinations 7
Figure 7: Pricing of different installed PV systems 9

Photovoltaics Solar Power

1. Introduction
The sun has been seen for decades as the center of the universe instead of an ...

Lab partner's name:

TA’s name:
Section no
Objective:
Purpose of this experiment was to perceive that momentum is always conserved in absence of net external force acting on the system as well as energy is conserved only sometimes in different collisions.

Data:

Experimental data and parameters calculated from the experimental data have been put in Table -1. The entire table has not fitted in this paper due to large number of columns. So, data in last two parts of the table should be read in conjunction with the data of first part of the table.

Data analysis

Part ...

Abstract— Faraday's Law is used to estimate the magnetic field of the magnet from the maximum induced voltage. This paper presents the report of the experiment on Faraday’s Law of induction. In this experiment Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law are examined, along with the concepts of magnetic flux and conservation of energy. The experiment was carried out by using a wand having a coil at its end. This coil is made to swing through the magnetic field of a horse magnet. The induced EMF stated by Faraday and the reason for the minus sign added to it by Lenz has been ...

Lab partner's name:

TA’s name:
Section no
Objective:
Purpose of this experiment was to check conservation of energy in three simple mechanical systems namely swinging pendulum, oscillating mass on a spring and basketball shot.

Data:

Following is the table of experimental data for Swinging Pendulum system

Following graphs have been obtained from above experimental data.

Graph -1: Kinetic energy vs Vertical Direction
Graph -2: ME.PE,KE vs time
Following is the graph of experimental data for Oscillating spring-mass system
Graph -3: ME.PE,KE vs time
Following is the table of experimental data for Basketball shot

Following graphs were obtained from above experimental data.

Graph -4: ME.PE,KE vs time
...

Figure 1 Structure of solar cell ("Rethinking energy: Towards," 2014) 4
Figure 2 Internal structure solar cell ("Rethinking energy: Towards," 2014) 5
Figure 3 Working principle of solar modules (Rongqiang) 5
Figure 4 Installation mechanism of photovoltaic cell to generate electricity (Rongqiang). 6
Figure 5 Electricity production by PV cell during 1999-2010 (Rongqiang) 6
Figure 6 Worldwide PV installation in the year 2005 (Rongqiang) 7
Figure 7 Classification PV cells, (http://sovoxglobal.com/cell_classification.html) 7
Figure 8 Internal structure of crystalline silicon cell 8
Figure 9 working phenomena of thin film cell 8

Solar Energy: Role of Photovoltaic Cells

Executive ...

Section Number.

- Glycolysis refers to the process that takes place in the cytosol and through which a molecule of glucose is broken down into a compound called pyruvate ( Reece 167)
- Everthing is doubled since there is still more substrates required for respiration and therefore more energy is still produced as the substrate is not exhausted.( Reece 167)
- In the process of glycolysis 2 NADH, 2 ATP and 2 H+ are fomed. While in TCA 6NADH, 3 H+, 1 FADH2 and 2 ATP are formed. (Reece 176).
- The NADH is produced in the mitochondrion during the citric ...

Producers are the organisms that capture the Sun’s energy and convert this energy into a usable form of energy for themselves or others. Examples of producers in grassland include shrubs, trees, lichens, mosses and grass, etc. Consumers are the organisms having no way of capturing the Sun’s energy and rely on energy gained from producers or other consumers. Examples of consumers in grassland include elks, black bear, Western rattlesnake, red-tailed hawk, etc. Decomposers are the organisms that break the organic layer in the soil in order to provide nutrients to the producers. Examples of decomposers in grassland include ...

Abstract

This report acknowledges the various properties associated with plastics and their behaviour when subjected to different conditions of loading. This experiment investigates the mechanical behaviour of five types of polymers which include Silly putty, six pack rings, nylon cable ties, Ply Doh, and Splat Ball. The properties of plastics can be altered to introduce cross-links and thereby introducing constraints to prevent sliding or rotation. The findings of the experiment concluded that temperatures, speed of loading and chemical composition of plastics are determinants of their mechanical behaviours.

Introduction

Polymers play a critical part in day-to-day life as manifested in the numerous applications. ...

2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami

Introduction

The Tohoku earthquake that occurred in the Pacific Ocean on 11th March, 2011 at a shallow depth of 32 kilometers is by far the largest earthquake ever recorded in the Japanese history and the fifth largest in the world. The earthquake was of 9.0 magnitude with its epicenter located 130 kilometers off Sendai, Honshu, the largest city in the Tohoku region. This earthquake set off devastating tsunami waves travelling like a jet plane at the speed of 700 kilometers an hour (Sorkhabi, 2011). The waves that reached the altitude of 40.5 meters travelled up to 10 ...

1.1 Introduction
In typical industrial applications, the machines and equipment involved require high electrical ratings, like high voltages and high currents. Different machineries have varying voltage and current ratings. These ratings should be followed in order that the equipment operates properly whenever needed. However, undesirable conditions, like voltages and currents above the prescribed ratings (usually called as faults), are not totally unavoidable. In these conditions, damages on the machinery might occur which can cause production issues and problems, and may even be hazardous to humans. These conditions can be avoided by integrating protective circuitry within the electrical systems.
...

Problem statement

The knowledge on how materials behave or fail when subjected to different conditions is of critical importance in the engineering field. This knowledge will ensure that there is appropriate selection of material for diverse working conditions. Thus, it is paramount to establish the features that are associated with unique classification of material. In this experiment, the behaviors of A36 steel and the aluminum when subjected to impact loading are investigated. To compare these two materials, the amount of energy required to break a respective piece are compared.

Procedure

Equipment: Tinius Olsen machine, Pair of thongs
Material: A36 steel and the ...

Introduction

In the design of energy efficient house, three key factors need to be considered. First is the materials and construction. The chosen materials should be durable, renewable and have high insulation levels. Second, the resource value unto which the construction is done is important. Finally, putting energy use at the centre of the design process is the key factor that surpasses all other factors.
Having realized that embedded systems in the distribution network could lead to great energy savings, especially in the domestic situations, it is feasible to come up with energy efficient house that can utilize renewable ...

Abstract

A hybrid car is a car used to drive the drive wheels more than one energy source.
Hybrid car called the vehicle driven by using the hybrid power plant. A distinctive feature of the hybrid power plant is to use two or more sources of energy and their corresponding engines that convert energy into mechanical work. Some sources of information used, the term "hybrid engine", which from a technical point of view is incorrect.
Despite the diversity of sources of energy (thermal energy of gasoline or diesel fuel, electricity, compressed air energy, the energy of the compressed liquefied gas, ...

Verification of Bernoulli’s Equation

Bernoulli’s Equation is among the most crucial equations in fluid mechanics. The experiment led us to conclude that this equation is an example of the initial law of Thermodynamics. In addition, the experiment verified the application of the equation to the steady state flow of an inviscid and incompressible fluid. As the fluid flows in a pipe, the changes in pressure, velocity, and elevation should be consistent in order to satisfy the equation. The restrictions in the application of Bernoulli’s Equation include a steady flow, negligible friction losses, and constant density. Our calculations also verified Bernoulli’s Equation since ...

The worst nuclear incident on the land of the US happened on March 28, 1979, as it was the famous Three Mile Island accident, which was a nuclear meltdown in one of the two reactors of Three Mile Island in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, US. The incident was also rated a five, in the group “Accidents with wider Consequences” on the International Nuclear Event Scale, which has seven as the maximum rate. The accident itself began with the halting of the secondary systems of non-nuclear group, which resulted with the failure of primary system`s relief valve, which was operated by a pilot. ...

Economic Report about Current Commercial Gasifiers

GE Energy Gasifier
GE Energy Gasifier uses the entrained flow, coal-water slurry feed, refractory lined slag and oxygen blown technology. The manufacturers at GE Energy have two variants, one with a radiant cooler and another full quench gasifier. Their products use a wide variety of fuels like low rank coals, pet coke, bituminous coal and other blends of pet coke. The design of GE Energy Gasifier emphasizes on operational eficiency. This is achieved through optimization of heat recovery and production of carbon monoxide. As espoused earlier, the GE Energy Gasifier predominantly uses the direct quench system. This design is not ...

Lab Report: Experiment on friction in Pipe

Introduction:
Fundamental understanding of fluid flow is important to every industry related to chemical engineering, manufacturing industries etc. The flow networks are required to achieve continuous transport of products and raw materials from different processing units. Energy is required to be applied to the fluid to make it flow through the pipe overcoming energy loss in pipe. The pipe losses in a piping system takes place due to a number of system characteristics such as pipe friction, changes of flow direction, obstructions in flow path, sudden or gradual changes in cross-section and shape of flow path. In this report loss ...

Introduction

In all moving parts of a machine, bearing failure forms one of the major causes of industrial breakdown for machines rotating at high or low speeds. The following paper provides a comparative analysis son the application of acoustic emission (EA) technique for condition monitoring of bearing element. The use of advanced signal processing and pattern recognition approach was established to monitor bearings conditions through automatic detection and diagnosis of localized defects in bearings. A short-time signal processing technique extracts two normalized and dimensionless features that establish linear discriminant functions used to detect defects on rollers of bearings and the outer race ( ...

Medifast Weight loss program

Naturally, every person regardless of who you are always wants to look and feel good, this is the essence of weight management. It focuses on what a person ingests or what they do to get rid of unwanted weight from their bodies. Exercise is the most recommended method for weight loss programs since it is the most natural way of losing weight. A person does not have to starve their body through this process as it helps in slowing down metabolism and creates a calorie deficit. However, working out may be not the only way to lose weight, one should also ...

Abstract

Energy is one of the world’s most crucial crisis to date considering the growing demand for electricity and energy. However, using traditional sources such as fossil fuels is gradually siphoning the world supply and its prices are unbearable for developing countries. Several alternative energy and renewable sources have been cited to enable each country to sustain their demand, one of them being renewable energy from plants and wastes or biomass. Biomass appeals to many developing countries considering that sources for this type of energy is visible around the society and for Egypt, this alternative energy would be beneficial ...