Wire Reports Samples For Students

Abstract

DC motors are employed and used in various applications to perform various tasks which require the conversion of electric current to mechanical motions. In most cases, DC motors are used as actuators to convert the electric current from the output of a control system to a mechanical motion for a present function. This experiment employed the use of simple and easily available materials to construct a simple homemade DC motor. The project used basic components such as coil of wire, permanent magnet and simple dc battery to construct a simple device which demonstrated the operation of a simple DC ...

INVESTIGATING THE RESISTIVITY OF A WIRE

Electrical resistance is a physical quantity characterizing the properties of the conductor to interfere with the passage of electric current and voltage, which is equal to the ratio of the voltage at the end of the conductor to the current flowing through it (Brown, Forbes T., 2006, p. 43).
The electrical resistivity is a physical value that characterizes the ability of a substance to prevent the passage of electric current.
The resistance of an electrical circuit can be calculated, with the help of two equations below (Woan, G., 2010).
R=VI

R – Resistance (ohms), V – Voltage (volts), I – Current (amps)

R=pLA
p – Resistivity (ohm.m)
L – Length (meters)

A – Cross-sectional area (meters2)

A physical ...

Introduction

There are many resemblances that can be observed in magnetic and electric phenomena. A magnet comprised of north and south poles which are opposite to each other. The opposite poles attract and likewise repel each other. A magnet has principle property to influence the surrounding space. This surrounding effect of a magnet is known as a magnetic field.
Magnetic fields consist of lines of force and force of attraction and repulsion that travel/or move along the lines. The developed forces depend on strength and distance apart the poles.
Figure 1: Magnetic lines of force for bar magnet
A ...

The following were the main objectives of this experiment:

Methodology
The following apparatus were used in this experiment:
- Copper-water heat pipe
- Hot plate
- Thermocouple (3)
- Ring stand with clamps (2)
- Solid copper wire
- Glass beaker (2)
- Multichannel digital thermometer
- Vernier caliper
Figure 1 below shows the illustration of copper-water heat pipe:
According to Fig. 1, The three main components of a heat pipe are the working fluid, vacuum tight containment vessel and the capillary/wick vessel. The operation of these three elements ensures the efficient and even heat transfer between heat ...

Experiment A

Introduction
The name dipole is given to a bar magnet since the magnet has two poles, that is, South and North. In case a magnet is broken into two, creation of two isolated poles never exist because the individual fragment still contain two poles. Magnetic monopoles do not exist hence the simplest magnetic field source is the dipole. Baxis, magnetic field, for an ideal dipole is given by Baxis=µ04π=2µd3

Objective

Materials
An iPhone compass
Regular compass
A ruler
Tape measure
Procedure
Set an experiment on a wooden desk away from metal components, and ...

The main objective of this experiment was to measure the temperature difference across a heat pipe and a solid conductor of the same material and size and under the same thermal conditions. Secondly, to use the data obtained herein to determine an effective thermal conductivity of the heat pipe.

Methodology

Apparatus
- Copper-water heat pipe
- Hot plate
- Thermocouple (3)
- Ring stand with clamps (2)
- Solid copper wire
- Glass beaker (2)
- Multichannel digital thermometer
- Vernier caliper

The copper water heat pipe apparatus is illutrated as shown below:

Figure 1: A Basic heat pipe

Description of the apparatus

heat pipes are passive heat transfer ...

Introduction

The purpose of the experiment was to study Ohm’s law and to investigate the relationship between current and voltage in metal wire, lamp filament and diode.

Theory

Electric current (I) is defined as the rate at which charges flow through a conductor. Current flows when a conductor is connected to a power supply in a complete circuit. The battery provides the energy needed to move the charges through a conductor. The energy supplied by battery per unit charge is called voltage. Voltage is a measure of electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit. The potential difference between two terminals of a power supply is referred ...

Engineering

Abstract
The Brooklyn Bridge is probably underappreciated by most of the people who use it today but it is still an example of great engineering. The chief engineer, Roebling, designed a suspension bridge that was fifty percent longer than any other suspension bridge of the times. His design for weighting of the bridge to keep it stable when there was wind is a very important lesson for today’s suspension bridge designers. The health and safety issues of the height of the bridge and the use of the Caisson boxes have been discussed. The approximately 27 deaths that took place ...

Introduction

Steps towards the creation of a successful e-marketing strategy
Marketing environment
Environmental framework identity
Strengths and the weaknesses of the business Environmental framework identity
Formulation of the business marketing plans.
Marketing strategies based on the business Niche and target markets
Positioning and differentiation strategy
Domain name and SEO strategy
The Business Cost analysis
Development of the business ideas
Creation of a business website prototype
Creation of a wire frame and a navigational outline strategy
Creation and the analysis of the social media strategy
Creation of a business email newsletter.
Identification of business matrices in the business success analysis
Development ...

Objectives

The aim of this experiment is to study the effective thermal conductivity of a heat pipe. This is achieved by measuring the difference in temperature across the heat pipe and another conductor made of the same material and size. The temperature measurement for both the pipe and conductor is done under identical thermal conditions.

Apparatus

- Copper-water heat pipe – The specimen whose thermal conductivity is to be found. It is represented in Figure 1.
- Solid Copper Wire – The reference material of same size.
- Thermocouple (quantity – 3) – Temperature measuring instrument (analogue).
- Multi-channel digital thermometer – Temperature measuring ...

Influence of Temperature and Neurotransmitters on Heart Rate in crayfish

TA for the Experiment:
Introduction
The cardiovascular system achieves key physiological functions in animals. Particularly, crayfish (Procambarus clarkia), also known as freshwater lobster, have been used to study physiological processes. This is because it is easier to study them in this species than in any other organism. In Crayfish, the circulatory system is open. Blood moves from the heart through the arteries and goes back through the open sinuses. Their heart is located in the cephalotorax, in front of the first abdominal segment, in the dorsal portion.
Basic heart rate beat and rhythm in adult crustaceans depends on a ...

Introduction

Recently, in print media, there have been reports that some types of Christmas trees are having problems of becoming defective easily to the point of causing fires in the living room. Upon the request of one of the victims of this kind of Christmas tree, the author conducted an investigation to identify the cause of a certain living room fire due to a defective Christmas fire. The study was to consider both user related causes and defective product related causes. User-related causes can include, mistake of leaving a child to play with a candle, intentional fires, poor wiring and ...

Simply put, a three phase electric power transmission is a means of transmitting electric power using three wires. Transmission of an ac (alternating current) relies on this bit of technology. Also a type of polyphone system, it is the most widespread means used by electric power distribution grids all over the world to distribute power.

This method of power transmission was introduced by Nikola Tesla in between 1887 and 1888. The workings of this system are quite easy to grasp. There are three circuit conductors which carry three alternating currents that are of the same frequency and which also reach their immediate ...

Acronyms and Glossary

OSI – Open System Interconnection
UDP – User Datagram Protocol is one of the important transport layer protocol used for internet that allows computer applications to send messages.

TCP – Transmission Control Protocol is one of another internet communication protocol

DSL – Digital Subscriber Line is a technology that provides an internet access and transmits digital data over the local telephone line.

UTP – unshielded twisted pair widely used for local area networks

Hub – A hub is a device to connect multiple Ethernet devices
RJ45 – A connector standard used for Ethernet connections and telephone cables
Introduction
Lindley Hall is a steel and limestone building and has 5 stories. The client wants to connect approximately 1000 computers in the building. Out of these 1000 computers, ...

Abstract— Faraday's Law is used to estimate the magnetic field of the magnet from the maximum induced voltage. This paper presents the report of the experiment on Faraday’s Law of induction. In this experiment Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law are examined, along with the concepts of magnetic flux and conservation of energy. The experiment was carried out by using a wand having a coil at its end. This coil is made to swing through the magnetic field of a horse magnet. The induced EMF stated by Faraday and the reason for the minus sign added to it by Lenz has been ...

Final Report

Our goal is to design a system that would be used to measure the temperature by changing resistances. The system would work in a solid medium but we would also try to make it functional in liquid mediums such as oil, fuels and such other liquids. This instrument should be able to measure the temperature of the liquids from -259.15 °C to 400 °C and we should have a resolution of ±0.018 V.

Instrument Details

The RTD is made of platinum coated nickel and should be attachable to the oil tank. i.e, it should be resistant to vibration, high pressure, oil and heat (e.g. ...

Theory

A magnetic field refers to magnetic control of electric currents and the magnetic materials, specified by both direction and strength. It results from moving electric charges and the magnetic moments of elementary particles related with their spin. It can also be defined as its force exerted on a charged particle in motion. Magnetic field lines normally form in concentric circles around a current currying conductor cylindrical in nature for example a length of wire. The strength of the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the length of the wire or the distance for an infinite length.

Biot–Savart law describes the magnetic field generated by a steady current, I to be equivalent to;

Where;
- dℓ refers to ...

The experiment was to use the coiled wire and a magnet to produce current. The apparatus used to do this experiment were bar magnet, insulated copper wire a sensitive current measuring device and a paper towel.Procedure used.Wrapped the insulated copper wire around the cardboard tube and formed a solenoid. Then connected each end of the wire to the terminals of the current measuring device and switched it on (galvanometer) to complete the circuit.Inserted the bar magnet inside the solenoid and moved it faster and slower and switched off the galvanometer disconnect the circuitReduced the number of turns in the solenoid and repeated the ...

PART 1. Measurement of liquid and plastic limits of a material

Introduction
The lab is performed to test the plastic and liquid limits of soil. The liquid limit is arbitrary referred to as the water content in percentage at which a part of the soil in a standard cup by a groove of standard measurements flows together at the base of this groove for about a half-inch (13 millimeters) when subjected to twenty-five shocks from the standard cup being dropped ten millimeters in a standard liquid limit apparatus that is operated at a rate of 2 shocks/second. Plastic limit is referred as the water content in percentage at which the ...

Executive summary

The ubiquitous computers use as well as other electronic devises is essentially creating a swiftly rising wave of firsthand as well as stored digital information. Roughly, 90 percent of the corporate information presently is in digital form. Corporations produce nearly 17.5 trillion documents that are in electronic form in every year. The additional types of electronic data come from online banking, internet-based electronic data, and stock trading among others. The information risks that are related with these data are numerous due to the rapid increase in online crimes and especially computer and credit card crimes.
The methods of collecting ...

Introduction

Autonomous guided vehicles are also referred to as automated guided vehicles or automatic guided vehicle. Its robot which follows wires or marks in a flow or any other surface that it may be guided through. They are commonly used in industries to carry materials around warehouses and other manufacturing facilities. This is useful in area where it could be difficult for human beings to carry loads. Automatic vehicles can also be applied in exploration work or where there is possibility of damage. They are used for electrical installations as well as navigation through hazardous areas especially those suspected to be ...

Introduction and Background

In assessing the impact of microbes in the New South Wales (NSW) health system, it was discovered after laboratory testing evaluating Part A and B categories different types of colonies were discovered, for laboratory 1 evaluations. In laboratory 11specimens used in this experiment were blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid; sputum, swabs from and

Mucous membranes.

Bacteria colony morphology:-. E Coli. This bacterium appeared to be creamy, shinny and rose to a level of 2-3 mm. M Luteus. This one was yellow shinny circular and rose to 1-2 mm. Fungal colony morphology; Saccharomytes cerevsaie ( yeast) and Aspergillus nidulans ( Mould ). Precautions must be taken while ...

Purpose

This experiment was intended for determining the thermal conductivity of aluminum metal.
Apparatus
The following materials were used in the experiment:
Variac
Timer
Digital thermometer
2 digital multimeters

Beakers

Tin can
Double throw switchers
Mercury thermometer
Heating plate
Wire
Ice cold water
Introduction
Heat flows from a hot region to a cooler region. However, the rate of heat flow varies from one medium to another. Heat travels through different media such as air, solid, and liquid. The mechanisms of heat transfer differ from one medium to another. For example, heat travels through a solid object by conduction while it travels ...

This paper is about the significant trends that are Macy’s strategy to stay competitive in the retailing industry. The technology advancement gave way to one of its marketing strategy which is omnichannel selling. It describes the state of the company and the challenges it is facing with its strong competitors. It also talks about the job cuttings and store closing and how it affects their creditors and the competition to the other retailing industries.
The start of the year 2016 is not looking so good for Macy’s. There are series of announcement of store closures and job ...

Wet Sieve Analysis

Wet sieving analysis of soils is used to analyze particles that contain large amounts of silt and clay. The soil particles are washed to ensure that the fine-grained particles are separated from the coarse-grained ones. The extremely fine particles normally clump together and have difficulty in passing the # 200 sieve. In this experiment, the classification of soils is done in order to determine the percentage of soil particle that passes the # 200 sieve. The Wet analysis is used to determine the fine particles in the soil sample (“45Th Anniversary of The Journal, 16)

Materials

Mortar and pestle
Mechanical shaker
Squeeze ...

Introduction:

In a typical hydroelectric power generation system, a dam (water reservoir) is built near water body such as a river to create head (height) that enables water to flow at high pressure via a pipe (penstock) to the turbines that drive the power generators. The fast moving water turns the turbine blades at high velocity, and in turn, the turbine turns the electricity generator’s rotor. The wire coils in the generator’s rotor sweep past the stationary coil (stator) in the generator thus producing electricity. This concept was first demonstrated in 1831 by Michael Faraday, who discovered that ...

Introduction

The modern day healthcare industry is dominated by a number of for-profit companies in the US. Although, every business intends to maximize its profits irrespective of the industry it belongs still there are few examples of balanced social results and high goodwill in each industry. In the healthcare industry, LifePoint hospitals have done extremely well on the front of commercial success and they have also maintained the adherence to community welfare compliances. Their recent alliance with Duke University health system is just another step in expanding the highly reliable healthcare services. The LifePoint Inc. is one among the top ...

Introduction

Contactless payment systems have evolved into a popular method of payment across the United Kingdom and internationally (CPSS 2012). Many merchants, including ExxonMobil, McDonald’s, Burger King, AMT Coffee, Tesco, Subway and other notable members of the hospitality, production, energy and other industries accept this form of payment (Anderson 2015). The most influential members of the international financial community, including MasterCard, Citibank, American Express, JPMorgan Chase, Barclays Bank, Visa and other institutions, involved in banking and financial sector, power the system (Dapp 2012; Chaudhyry 2012). The commentators anticipate that by 2020 every third transaction online and offline will be ...

INTRODUCTION

Theory
Electrical resistance is one of the most important properties of materials. It is defined mathematically as the ratio of voltage to the current passing through a conductor. In physical sense, it is opposition a material offers to the current flowing through it. This opposition to the passage of electricity is a result of collisions between charge carriers and other sub atomic particles. The collisions reduce the drift speed of electrons that carry charges. Materials that offer greatest opposition to current flow are called insulators while those that allow current to flow through them with minimal hindrance are called insulators.
...

Background

The main objective of the torsion experiment carried out was to determine the relationship between the applied torque and angle of twist for a metal wire of various properties, and compare and contrast. Based on the measured torsional properties of the sample wires one can be able to determine the modulus of rigidity or shear stiffness and material. In turn this properties can be used to accurately identify the material. Below is a set up of the laboratory experiment carried out.
Figure 1: Torsion experiment set up

The formula for the applied torque is as shown below:

T=JrGα

Where,

T applied torque
G is the material’s shear modulus
α ...

Introduction.

Current generates magnetic field β of which its direction and magnitude highly depends on the geometry of the coil in which charge flows through. Coils can have different geometric shapes; circular, torus and two circular coils with current flowing in either the same or opposite direction. In such different coil geometry therefore, the magnetic field β can be determined using Ampere’s and Biot-Savart Laws’.

Instruments/apparatus.

- Bar magnet.
- Insulated copper wire Circular and toroidal coil
- Cardboard tube.
- Galvanometer.

Procedure and Observation.

- The insulated copper wire was wrapped around the cardboard tube to form a single circular coil and ...

Introduction.

The magnetic field β, in a solenoid coil of N turns with a medium magnetic permeability μ and length ɭ through a current flow ɪ, can be computed from the following equation.
β = μNɪ ---------- equation 1.
β = μNɪ ɭ = μNɪ ---------- equation 2.
ɭ (ɭ2 + D2)½ (ɭ2 + D2)½
The above equation 1 only provides the magnetic field strength at the center of the coil, but because unavoidable parallax errors on measurement would normally arise, the equation is modified by a correction factor D, the coils diameter and appears as in equation 2. Depending on the direction of currents flow, magnetic field in a wire or a solenoid coil ...

TA: Your TA's name

Partner: Your partner's name
Thevenin and Norton Circuit Theory
Introduction
This experiment is aimed at putting to practice the Thevenin and Norton theories of dc resistor networks. These theories provide for techniques that make circuit analysis easier. In order to achieve this, a network of resistors connected to active sources is reduced to a single resistance which is connected in series with the voltage source. The single resistance is the Thevenin resistance of the network while the voltage source is the Thevenin voltage of the network. Norton’s Theorem also helps us simplify circuit analysis by replacing the ...

Lab Partner(s):

______________________________________________________

Introduction

As per ohm’s law V= IR is the basic relationship between current, voltage and resistance. In case of a circuit having very high resistance the current flow is very low. In such cases, voltage drop across resistance is proportional to the value of the resistances. For example, if the total voltage is V and there are two resistances R1 and R2 connected in parallel in the circuit across the voltage and if the voltage measured across each resistors are V1 and V2 then V1/ V2 = R2/R1.

Data Table

Sample Calculations –
There are different types of resistances. Resistances with a gold ...

The 20th century has seen tremendous changes in telecommunications sector where there has been great improvement in communication. The major examples of telecommunications sectors which have greatly developed over the century are computer communication, telephony and telegraphy. There has also been a major revolution in the communication media being used in interconnecting the communicating gadgets. However, some media have remained dominant and still hold a significant role in contemporary telecommunications sector (William, 2007).
Narrowing down to computer networks, they can be defined as a collection of interconnected nodes (end devices). Much precisely, a network is a medium that allows passage of data across ...

Simply stating, Arduino is a tool designed to guide in the teaching of electronics. It is basically made up of ATTinyxx or ATMega microchips on a board with USB connectivity to make it easy for the transfer of sketches to the microchip without prior programming knowledge by the user. The USB can function as a power cable although it has an alternate 5V power supply system such as that of a mobile phone. Arduino has only plug in headers for connection with other devices. It lacks an operating system but the microchip is build with a boot loader that allows the reading of C# ...

Computer networking has been significantly simplified by the improvement of operating system and networking technologies over the years. Additionally the storage and networking devices and peripherals have been greatly modified to include plug and play capabilities.
There are two options of setting up a network in a house or apartment that is wireless and wired networking. In this case the most appropriate option is the use of wireless network this choice is appropriate due to the fact that wireless networking are more convenient, one can use his/her computer from any point within the radius of the network signal. In the ...

Lab Report (Kirchhoff’s Laws)

Introduction
This lab experiment was intended to learn and apply Kirchhoff’s Rules in calculating the current and voltages in a circuit. To achieve this, a circuit is built consisting of resistors that are in parallel and series which will aid to test the different aspects of Kirchhoff’s Rule.

The simplest circuit is that which can be reduced to an equivalent circuit having a single resistance

and a single voltage source. Many circuits are not simple and require the use of Kirchhoff’s

Laws to determine voltage, current, or resistance.

Objectives:
forecast by Kirchhoff’s Laws.

Theory:

A junction is a point in a circuit where more than three wires join or where a current gets divided.
A loop is a path which is closed by two ...

Source: All About Circuits (2012). Power in Electric Circuits. Retrieved 12 June 2012 from http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_1/chpt_2/3.html

The power equation, often referred to as the Joule's Law, is a linear equation that relates the power dissipated in an electric circuit, the current, and the voltage. It is given as: where P is the power, I is the current, and E is the voltage. The power equation is applied in situations where electricity is used in our everyday life. Such situations, as described in the article, are heating, lighting, and traction among others.
In any electrical circuit, the power is directly proportional ...