Defendant Research Papers Samples For Students

Jimmy V Regina (2010)

- Facts of the Case
The defendant was charged of money laundering under section 400.41(1) of the Criminal Code Act of 1995 and under section 4AAA of the crimes Act of 1914. The defendant, on occasions numbering twenty seven between the dates 26th November 2003 to 11th February 2004, took a sum of cash to a bank and arranged that it be transferred to a bank account in Hong Kong. On all these occasions, the amount deposited to the bank was less than $ 10000, an act to deliberately keep the deposits below the threshold that is required for a reportable cash ...

Abstract

The current paper provides a detailed and exhaustive analysis of the contemporary ethical problem that has more than significant social and legal consequences. In particular, the respective paragraphs of the current study are discussing the theoretical and practical perspectives concerning the crimes against women in their most casual and the most underreported form – the acts of violence by their intimate partners. For this particular purpose, the current International, European and American legislature concerning the acts of violence against women have been offered by the beginning of the paper along with the brief insight to the background information that is ...

Thesis

The word felony means a very serious crime that has been brought up against a person. It is a crime that is considered to have high levels of seriousness, for example Murder. A person who commits a felony is known as a felon. This paper reviews all the steps that are taken on a felon from the arrest to their conviction in state courts in the United States.

Arrest

There are different ways that a felon can be arrested. This starts with an arrest by the citizens or the police department. A citizen arrest is one which an individual who is not a police officer arrests them after ...

The defendant has been charged with a series of crimes including homicide, assault of a police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. The first issue is whether Stu Dents understands these charges and is competent to stand trial. Competency to stand trial requires that a defendant have the mental capacity to understand the changes against him, the procedures of the court, and the consequences of his being found guilty. He must also be competent enough to be able to help his lawyers plan a legal strategy, remember and describe details related to the crimes charged against him, explain his motives, testify ...

Trial vs. Plea Bargaining

Trial
The oldest and most well-known form of dispute resolution in criminal cases is the jury trial (Kadri, 2005). Certainly, the jury trial is the fundamental dispute resolution mechanism of the American adversarial legal system. In fact, the core principle of the criminal justice system holds that disputes are most effectively resolved when the parties in contention are made responsible for: (1) investigating and gathering their own evidence and (2) presenting their own arguments to a neutral and passive lay decision-maker who decides which party presented the most convincing argument (Kadri, 2005). Furthermore, the entire process is subject to ...

Introduction

Before the establishment of the M’Naghten rule, it was not clear whether or not an insane individual could be judged as being guilty if the individual was accused of any criminal offence. The M'Naghten Rule refers to a rule that was established in 1843 in a case that involved Daniel M’Naghten and the then England Prime minister Sir Robert Peel, (Goldstein, 1980). The rule can be said to be test for criminal insanity. It is important to note that as per this rule on the basis of insanity reasons, the defendant cannot be judged as being guilty more ...

Right to counsel

Criminal law refers to a body of rules that deals with crime. It defines the actions that are constitutionally allowed because they jeopardize, harm or harm the safety of the people who commit them. During the criminal case proceedings, a defendant is entitled to the right to counsel or self representation. Meaning, a defendant may either opt to be represented by a legally empowered law expert (attorney) or represent themselves in the court of law (Israel, J.H. et al., 2003).

The history of the right to counsel can be traced to the colonial era. Many historians believe that this practice formally began in ...

Introduction

The insanity defense is an amendment to the strict rules of common law that allows an accused to be acquitted, completely or substantially, of the charges leveled against him, whether he is guilty or not. For this plea to hold water in a court of law, defendants must provide sufficient notification to the court. The court will then use health experts to examine the accused and determine their state of the psychology. The defense may also bring witnesses, who personally know the accused, to the stand to testify on his or her mental capacity.
However, the nature of the ...

The case of Mathias v. Accor Economy Lodging delves into the question on whether failure by the motel to take preventative measures against a situation that result in offensive non-consensual touching and some degree of physical harm constitute intentional torts. It further looks at whether such failure as well as the subsequent non disclosure of possible harm is an intentional tort whose remedy can go beyond compensatory damages. The case is on the in intentional torts of fraud and battery. Battery involves the intentional offensive
non-consensual touching while fraud is the act of a known misrepresentation (Barth, 2008).
The ...

The petitioner in this case, Sherry Burt, a Warden at a Michigan correctional facility moved to the Supreme Court challenging the decision of the United States Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals and seeking a writ of certiorari against the decision. The matters that came up for consideration at the Supreme Court involved weighty constitutional issues namely whether the Sixth Circuit gave an appropriate deference to the state trial court decision in Michigan as enshrined in the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996. The second constitutional issue that was subject to determination by the court in this case related to the ...

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Criminal Behavior

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is described as “the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to an extreme traumatic stressor” (Baker & Alfonso, 2006, p. 1) where a traumatic stressor must involve threatened or actual serious injury or death “or other threat to one’s physical integrity” (Baker & Alfonso, 2006, p. 1). The event can be directly experienced or witnessed, although it can also be about a person learning of a traumatic event that violently or unexpectedly occurred to a close associate or a family member. Examples of such events include growing up in an environment in the inner-city, experiencing a natural disaster, military combat, ...

Law of Torts in Business

Introduction

In the laws of a country, the law of tort is concerned with how someone treats their neighbour. A person should not injure a person neither should he trespass into a neighbour’s property. Such acts are considered to be criminal in nature and the individual will be liable in a court of law. The law of torts covers a range of actions such as negligence, intentional injury and defamation that ruins an individual’s reputation. The law of torts is best illustrated by the case of Donogue vs. Stevenson. The plaintiff was with a friend in a cafeteria taking ginger beer. When she took ...

Insanity Defense

Introduction
One of the central issues of nowadays in the sphere of criminal law is insanity defense or so-called mental disorder defense, which is thought to be the basis for a person to be acquitted, or, namely, not be liable for an action. It is also characterized as ‘probably the most controversial criminal law doctrine, which, when used successfully, being a rare example in American law, gives a defendant, who has clearly committed the crime, even one as heinous as murder, is deemed not guilty and may not be punished
It is noted that ‘mental illness has always played ...

Prosecutorial misconduct

Prosecutorial misconduct refers to a procedural defense usually available to the defendant in criminal matters whereby the defendant advances an argument that the court should not hold them criminally liable for actions which may be criminal for the reason that the prosecution acted unfairly. The defense arises in various instances such as where the prosecution knowingly sanctioned false testimony and where the prosecution withheld evidence. It is therefore a violation of laws or ethical rules by the prosecutors (Texas District and County Attorneys Association (TDCAA), 2012).
A real-life example of prosecutorial misconduct was apparent in the case of U.S. v. ...

Abstract

The legal business environment, including laws and regulations formulated to control the conduct of business activities is one of the most important external factors that affect major commercial decisions by business organizations (Pathak, 2013, p. 96). This legal framework influences decision making by businesses right from registration, workplace safety of employees, decisions on employment or dismissals, product safety, business agreements, to financing and marketing decisions (Campbell, 2009, p. 154). Businesses enterprises, according to Miller and Jentz (2011) must always operate within the purview of this legal framework as they make decisions on the various commercial activities, processes and operations ...

Right to Counsel

Development of Right to Counsel
A person accused of a crime has a number of specific rights that are protected under the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The rights attach only upon commencement of adversary judicial proceedings. One of these rights is the right to assistance of counsel for a defense in a criminal prosecution. At first, the Court limited the scope of the Sixth Amendment to indigent defendants in capital cases, and early cases dealt with effective assistance during the preparation and trial phases of the case (Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45, 71-72 (1932); Glasser v. United States, ...

In the case of Oregon v. Guzek, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the eighth amendment to the U.S constitution does not warrant the accused in a criminal trial the right to present evidence during the verdict stage that had not been presented in the trial stage (Americabar.org). The ruling had the impact of extending the jurisprudence to individual state courts that had prior to the ruling been allowed to make an individual determination concerning the introduction of mitigating evidence during the sentencing stage (Knowmyrights.org). The ruling of the case had implications not only for the ...

Abstract

Automatism is a rather interesting and difficult issue in criminal law. Not every lawyer is able to help in such a case, as well as not every barrister will protect the defendant in the case of automatism. In this research paper, I will try to outline the main peculiarities of automatism and provide the examples of it. There are many cases when automatism has been involved and all they have their special features, their peculiarities. I will support my points of view with case studies, as well as with scientific findings and research results. I have based my research on the ...

Abstract

A plea bargain has defined the court proceedings in the recent history of the criminal justice system. As such, prosecutors and judges have adapted to the policy to carry on activities while practicing copping plea arrangements so as to reduce the number of pending cases and the pile that characterizes most of the district magistrates’ courts. On one side, the idea of a plea bargain has greatly enhanced the efficiency of the legal systems. This is because it has reduced the time for prosecutors to work on various trials as well as reducing the instances of overcrowding in jails ( ...

The Fifth Amendment and Compelled Decryption

The first example is actually two cases that look at different sides to the same question, namely can a party be compelled to reveal the encryption passphrase to his computer or mobile device. In re Boucher, a federal case out of Second Circuit in Vermont, was the first case to address this this question. In Boucher, the defendant’s (Boucher) laptop was inspected as he returned from a trip to Canada. The laptop was on when it was inspected which allowed customs officials to see images of alleged child pornography on an open browser page. Boucher was arrested for the illegal trafficking ...

When the founders of United States of America ratified the Bill of Rights in 1791, they could not have imagined the technology we use and rely on today. The 4th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution was intended to provide the American public with protections from unwarranted government intrusion into their most private property. While the language used in writing the 4th Amendment has been broad enough to function fairly well for more than two centuries, the rise of personal computers and internet technology has created a wave of questions and court cases about what data and communications receive 4th Amendment ...

Introduction

This paper examines the question of whether those acquitted of their criminal charges are really innocent. It may be recalled that this question was discussed fifty years ago by Harry Kavlen and Hans Zeisel in their 1966 monograph The American Jury. They have reflected the view that judges are of the opinion that most of the acquittals are not correct and that they are attributable to the jury’s commitment to values although the judges’ criminal justice system have been perfect in its obligations. Jurors do not convict guilty when they can justify ignoring the formal demands of law. ...

The plaintiff, Mrs. Drake is a trained and qualified teacher of American English. She is a Black American citizen. The first defendant is the Headmaster of Governors Dummer Academy and the second Defendant is the Board Governors of Governor Dummer Academy. The facts were that on the tenth of October 2011, the first Defendant summoned the plaintiff in his office and instructed the plaintiff to explain her reasons for her absence at the work place without permission for three consecutive days starting the 4th of October to the 6th of October of 2011. The plaintiff reported to the headmaster that her ...

Introduction

It is easier to confirm that a crime has been committed than to identify and prove the culprits or the suspects who have committed the crime. The American criminal justice system finds it hard to identify and convict the suspects who have committed serious felonies when the victims and members of the public fail to identify the suspects and testify in court. In such situations, the American criminal justice system has been compelled to depend on the DNA profiling and testimonies provided by the eyewitnesses to identify, prosecute and convict the suspects. Although the criminal justice system depend on the ...

Origin of the statute

Hate crimes are criminal activities motivated partly or entirely by the hostility of the perpetrator who perceives the victim differently (Jacobs & Potter, 2000). These crimes have great impact on the immediate victim and the group to which that victim belongs. Biases against the victim’s ethnicity, sexuality, debility, dialectal, or religion facilitate to commit hate crime. Hate crime statutes aim at stopping bias-motivated outrages. The federal and states have adopted hate crime laws in order to increase penalties for these criminal activities.

In the United States, hate crime statues began early in 1968. After the civil war in America, ...

Abstract

The criminal justice system in the United States provides Constitutional guarantees for all who are subject to the laws of the land. The three most controversial aspects of this system today are Search and Seizure, arrest, and interrogations. While these three aspects are the foundation of police action throughout the nation, there are several unresolved problems in how each of these processes is in use today. The presence of the law is not always the same as upholding it. The cases which made the case for the citizens are moving into obscurity with modern variations of the problems making ...

Abstract

There exist numerous defenses to criminal charges. The defenses are usually used by the persons facing particular charges in a bit to negate the requisites of a crime, especially the aspect of intent. In criminal cases the general rule is that crimes are offences that are usually committed against the government. Every person is usually presumed innocent until the contrary is proved. As such, the burden of proof lies on the government to prove that a crime was committed and that the accused person committed the alleged crime. The prosecution side, which represents the government in a criminal trial, must convince the judge ...

1. Prosecutorial Misconduct
Prosecutorial misconduct refers to any situation in which the prosecutor in the course of litigating a case breaks a law, violates a code of ethics or misbehaves to such an extent that the fairness of the criminal justice process is unambiguously tilted in her favor. An example of prosecutorial misconduct would be a prosecutor who prior to trial fails to turn over a key piece of evidence that provides an alibi for the defendant, and tells a witness friendly to the defendant that she will tell the federal authorities about his illegal immigration status if he testifies. Moreover, at trial the ...

Introduction

Negligent tort refers to the harm caused by a person to another due to the failure to act reasonably towards a person to whom a duty of care is owed. Negligent torts are among the most prevalent types of torts. It is however important to note that negligent torts are not caused by deliberate acts (Owen, 2007). This kind of tort originate when a person or an entity fails to act reasonably leading to personal harm on a person or persons to whom the person or entity owes a duty to. Negligent acts lead to personal injury to an individual or individuals and in other ...

The Bill of Rights is an essential part of American government. Not only did the Bill of Rights play an important role in the ratification of the Constitution of the United States, it laid the foundation for the modern legal system. Some of the most important Amendments in the Bill of Rights are the 1st, 6th, 7th, 8th, and 10th. The 1st Amendment is one of the main reasons that people from around the world idolize life in the United States. The 6th, 7th, and 8th Amendments are some of the basic principles that guide the legal system today. ...

Role of the Prosecuting Attorney in the Criminal Justice System

The prosecuting attorney in the criminal justice system is an officer responsible for overseeing criminal prosecution on behalf of the people and the state. The role of the prosecutor as the main legal prosecution representative is found in countries that have the adversarial system of the common law. The prosecutor hence becomes the accuser in all criminal cases and it is up to the defense team to counter all the evidence given by the prosecuting attorney.

Among the many roles of the prosecuting attorney is that they are charged with the responsibility of trying to make the defendant accountable ...

As debates continues concerning gun laws and the amount of violence in the United States, many citizens have voiced increasing concerns about personal safety and the amount of force that is considered to be justifiable when faced with threats of violence or death. As a result, Stand Your Ground laws have been enacted in many states to establish the legal boundaries the rights afforded to individuals to protect themselves from imminent threats. The legalities provided by the Stand Your Ground laws gives pause to reflect on are laws of this nature necessary in this ever-changing world or do these laws ...

Introduction

In the following project I have researched and summarized the main provisions of the statutes as they relate to the questions of arraignment, state sentencing issues and sentencing alternatives in the state of Virginia. Another part of this research covers the issues of practical application of these statutory provisions in the everyday work of courts and correctional institutions.
In the Lesson 1, I have researched the initial procedure of arraignment in the light of its practical application during the work of the court.

In the Lesson 2, I have summarized the statutory provisions which regulate the issues of probation, parole and sentencing alternatives.

In the Lesson 3, I have briefly outlined the community correctional programs and how the ...

Introduction

Statutory rape is usually defined by the state law concerned. However, statutory rape is distinguished from other forms of rape in that the victim must necessarily be below the age of consent and that lack of consent is not a requisite to the crime on the common understanding that a person below a certain age lacks the capability to give an informed consent. Prior to the development of modern statutory rape laws, statutory rape was used to protect young women and children from the sexual incursion of unwanted males. At that time, women were regarded as chattels or property and as such ...

Criminal Law

Introduction
I was privileged to interview defense attorney Richard Haynes who is based in Texas. He is one of the founding members of the firm Richard Haynes & Associates which is currently based in Houston. Haynes is an 82-year old lawyer and has been practicing his profession for five decades. His wisdom, charm and knowledge had earned him to become one of the best lawyers in Texas. Haynes is already considered as a legend in his profession based on his years of experience in the legal profession. Haynes represented at least forty of his clients who faced capital punishment and ...

The System its bases is common law practiced in England and Wales.

Murder
Murder is the most serious crime known to the criminal law which is punished by mandatory life sentence though it is also accepted that deaths can be a result of a unintential act. Murder is described as the unlawful killing with intention to kill a living human being though it can be reduced to manslaughter. Homicide is categorised in three main ways which are murder, manslaughter and infanticide whose sentencing varies.
The English common law has no definition in a statute though its punishment can be prescribed in law. The definition continues to be a matter of the common law. The ...

The Role of Due Process and Crime Control Models on Criminal Procedure

Fourteenth Amendment
The Fourteenth Amendment states that: (1) a person who is born or naturalized in the United States is a citizen of the State in which he resides and of the United States, regardless of race, (2) no State has the right to abridge the “privileges and immunities” of any its citizens, (3) no person can be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, and (4) every person is entitled to equal protection under the laws of the United States Constitution.
Therefore, the rights granted and protected under the Bill of Rights are further ...

This paper sets out to examine the role of the jury in the United States Criminal Justice system and, more specifically, just how safe are the verdicts that the jury reaches in criminal trials. According to Judge Rebecca Knight (2007), a defendant’s right to a trial by jury was written into the 1776 Constitution and ratified in its later updates. Knight quoted the original Constitution as stating “the ancient mode of trial by jury is one of the best securities of the rights of the people, and ought to remain sacred and inviolable.” As a basic principle, it does seem logical ...

Graham was sentenced to life imprisonment without parole. Thirteen jurisdictions do not allow life without parole sentences for juvenile offenders convicted of non-homicide crimes. Thirty-seven jurisdictions permit sentences of life without parole for a juvenile non-homicide offender under certain circumstances. The Supreme Court held that sentencing a juvenile to life imprisonment without parole for a non-homicide crime violates the Eighth Amendment.

Key words: actus reus, mens rea, concurrence, accomplice liability, criminal liability, Eight Amendment, Cruel and Unusual Punishment, jurisdiction,

Graham v. Florida
560 U. S. ____ (2010)
Terrence Graham, at age 16, was arrested for attempted armed robbery and armed burglary with assault and battery. The Florida trial court sentenced him to probation and withheld adjudication of guilt. ...

Abstract

The paper is dedicated to the topic of Child Psychology, and especially to the issue of environmental aspects influence on the autism disorder. In order to choose this topic, a small exercise was conducted and various journals and bulletins reviewed. In order to perform concept mapping, the following stages were followed: planning, generation of statements, their structuring, statements’ representation, interpretation of maps and their utilization. In order to perform them in an objective way, a group of eight people was gathered so as to brainstorm ideas effectively and interpret them in the right way. In the research of the various causes ...

Introduction

Double jeopardy also referred to as non bis in idem is a rule that prohibits prosecution of an individual for a second time. The rule dictates that fugitives acquitted or convicted for same offenses should not be put under prosecution for the second time (Gracia, 15). However, it is important to note that different sovereigns hold differing stand points on prosecution of individuals for second time. As an example, United States of America and Jamaica are two countries that prohibit double jeopardy. Particularly, double jeopardy is prohibited by the 5th Amendment of the United States constitution (Rudstein, 11) . The Clause is ...

Contextual Study

A study of the interactions between a judge and the defendant in a courtroom hearing is an example of a contextual setting providing elements of a research study. From the provisions of a contextual study, the courtroom setting provides an excellent example to review the contextual elements of a research paper. From the courtroom setting, everything in the courtroom is the context of the study including the nonverbal expressions and exchanges that take place. For instance, the exchanges that take place between the judge and the defendants over a case form an intriguing basis for contextual elements. The judge needs clarification from the defendant over a case ...

At common law, a felony murder was defined as the unlawful killing of a human being while in the commission of a felony crimes (LaFave). However, the modern concept of felony murder has widely been interpreted to mean an unlawful killing that occurred in the commission of only a certain type of felony crime, or acts that are deemed, by the totality of circumstances, to be inherently dangerous (LaFave). Under the federal criminal code, a person is guilty of felony murder if in “preparation of, or attempt to perpetrate, any” robbery (LII). Robbery, under the federal criminal code, is ...

Abstract

This paper will discuss the emergence of national security policies and laws in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks, there was relatively little coordination between different government agencies and branches with regards to counterterrorism. But the 9/11 attacks led to significant changes. All three government branches are highly involved in national security measures and interests. Congress responded by passing very important statutes to augment the government’s authority to conduct and investigate terrorist threats and apprehend suspects. These statutes reflect the practical difficulties of apprehending and prosecuting terrorists. Terrorism is unique in that if ...

The congress of the United States has put legislation in the leather industry the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (RCRA Nonhazardous 1).This act governs the generating, storage, transportation, and the treatment procedures as regards the leather manufacturing facility. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) controls and regulates the RCRA Act in the nation (EPA Reports on Progress 1). The EPA ensures that industrial and manufacturing industries such as those that prepare the basketball adhere to the laid down procedures as regards waste. The RCRA Act stipulates environment friendly ways of handling all industrial waste in the leather industry. ...

Crime in Miami Gardens between 2002 and 2005 was out of control resulting to the city Council approving a shift to its own department from Miami-Dade County Police. The department started it service in December 2007 and by 2011 the city has witnessed an overall decline in serious crimes by 33%.This reduction has occurred across board and the only exception has been on homicide which has remained steady. There was use of the FDLE data in comparing a crime average rate for three years for other local cities and the findings confirmed that there are now lower overall crime rates ...

Historical Analysis of obscenity using the case of "Rosen v. U.S 1896"
Historical Analysis of obscenity using the case of "Rosen v. U.S 1896"
The trial court, in the Southern District of New York, defined obscenity as overt act of the defendant, which is committed intentionally, knowingly and unlawfully which contained a certain obscene, lascivious and lewd contents. The use of these three words was fundamental. In fact the crux of the judgment was based on these words. The court held that the text, picture and drawings in the paper posted by the defendants were offensive and would ...

What are the Types of Ethical Predicaments Encountered in Public Personnel Administration?

Types of Ethical Predicaments Encountered in Public Personnel Administration 3
Common Ethical Dilemmas 3
The Context of Ethics 4
Administrative Discretion 5
Constitutional Prerequisite 6
Ethical Predicaments in Administrative Discretion 6
Corruption 7
Ethical Predicaments in Corruption 8
Other Types of Ethical Predicaments 9
Nepotism 9
Information Leaks 10
Public Accountability 10
Policy Dilemmas 10
Discussion 11
Conclusion 12

References 13

Types of Ethical Predicaments Encountered in Public Personnel Administration
The success and reputation of governance depends upon the functionalities and conduct of the public administrators. ...

Abstract

This research paper reviews the present system of jury selection as widely practiced in the U.S., whereby trial attorneys engage the services of Trial Consultants who employ so-called Scientific Jury Selection (SJS) methodology, in order to identify individuals from a pool of prospective jurors who may be more (or less) kindly disposed towards their side (prosecution or defense) of the upcoming case. Beginning with a brief history of the system, the paper then summarizes the three-stage process of jury selection as it exists today. Controversial issues surrounding SJS and trial consultants are also discussed. For example, is SJS effective (both in ...

The O.J. Simpson Case
The O.J. Simpson Case
O.J Simpson also known as Orienthal James Simpson was a renowned footballer. O.J was an athlete, an actor, a father and a husband to Marguerite who he later divorced and married Nicole Brown. The O.J Simpson case also known as the People of the state of California V. Orienthal James Simpson case was a criminal trial that took place in Los Angeles, California (Bugliosi, 1997). This was one of the most publicized trials in the American history. In this trial, O.J Simpson was tried on two counts of murder of his ex wife ...

- Homeland Security as created by the US constitution after the 9/11 terrorist attack to the World Trade center in New York. Since then, it has boosted the Defense policy in a number of ways. It has ensured enhanced scanning of all flight passengers in all US bound flights to ensure that there is no chances of sneaking explosive devices in such planes. Homeland Security has also utilized the modern technology in dealing with terror threats. In this way, it has used the modern scanning devices to screen all passengers before any flight can commence. It has also installed CCTV ...

Landmark Antitrust Case Study Assignment:

1. Write a 100- word abstract of the case, including the date of the case.

In the case of 268 U.S. 563, Maple Flooring Manufacturers Assn. et al. v. U.S. (1925), the association that is an unincorporated 'trade association' are the defendants. It involved 22 members of the association, corporate defendants, engaged in a business agreement of shipping and selling birch, beech, and maple flooring in interstate commerce. However, all but two of them had their principal business places in Wisconsin, Minnesota, or Michigan (where one defendant was located in New York and one in Illinois). The individual representatives of each ...

The criminal justice system is seen to discriminate against certain individuals on the basis of race or gender. In response to this, it has implemented various measures to try and rectify the concerns of the public. Two such measures are jury nullification and the employment of a culturally diverse police force.
Throughout the country, police force organizations recruit minorities in order to ensure their workforces are diverse. Such diversity within the police serves to gain trust from minorities in the public. For example, an African-American officer may be called to an emergency that has occurred in an African-American area ( ...

Incest is defined as sexual intercourse between family members who would not be married as a result of their close kinship. Incest can occur between father- daughter/step daughter, mother- son/stepson, between cousins or distant relatives. The prohibition of incest is dependent on culture and religion with most renowned religions frowning upon the idea. As early as the times of the Graeco-Roman Empire, there were reports of incest being practiced even among the monarchs. There is also evidence that there was widespread incest in the United Kingdom but it was not until 50years ago that the legislation outlawing incest was introduced. ...

Reginald Rose was born on December 10 in 1920 and died on April 19 in 2002. He was an American screenwriter, and was known for addressing contentious subjects through his work. The Museum of Broadcasting Communications states that Rose was “one of the major players in one of the outstanding television playwrights to emerge from the "Golden Age" of television drama anthology series” (Reginald, 2011). Just like his equally successful peers, such as Paddy Chayefsky, Tad Mosel, and Rod Serling, Rose will be remembered for years to come as a key influence on American television (Reginald, 2011).
Rose was ...

Things remembered recalled children’s jewelry from the market on July 19, 2016. The recall is referenced by the Recall Number 16-228. According to the United States Consumer Product Safety commission’s website, the reason behind the decision to recall was a violation of lead standards for children products. Specifically, the product subjected to the recall included the silver heart bracelets and the sweet charm necklaces for children. Silver heart bracelets are six inches long each of which has ten silver hearts linked by circle links. Besides, it has a lobster claw clasp for its closure and one charm ...

Introduction

The main legal issue raised in the present scenario is whether Andrea was suffering from mental insanity when she committed the aforementioned crimes and therefore whether she can successfully rely on the defense of insanity, say, on appeal. Further, this problem raises the issue of if Andrea’s ex-husband, Rusty, bears any criminal responsibility in the crime. As a general defense to criminal liability for all offenses, the defense of insanity allows the jury to return a not guilty by reason of insanity verdict. Under this defense, the accused person may claim that at the time they committed the ...

Though many family courts are against the act of child kidnapping, many rows that are as a result of custody dispute often lead to a tug of war between parents. Many parents often resort to snatch and grab as their only option especially after the courts make a ruling that did not favor them. However, this act is viewed as a crime, and it is referred to as parental kidnapping. Parental kidnapping is subject to the laws set by several states to address this category of crime (Greif and Hegar 1993).
Kidnapping means that the child is restrained from ...

Overview of Kris

The file on Kris suggests that the shoplifting incident is his first offence as an adult. However, he might have offended as a juvenile since the Intensive Supervision Probation Program is for repeat offenders and it is also for offenders with a more violent criminal history. Kris is from a low-income family since he was unable to make bail. His offence also suggests that his economic condition is unstable. He pled guilty during his time in custody and the subsequent sentence suspension indicates that he completed probations successfully in the past; probably as a juvenile. Kris is in an ...

Introduction

Freddie Pitts was a man that is the perfect example of how a person can plead guilty and be sentenced to prison for a crime that they did not commit. In 1963 two people were murdered while working at a gas station. Police suspected Freddie and his friend of the murder and stopped at nothing to get a confession. There was no evidence left behind when the gas station employees were murdered but the police officers investigating the case set their sights on two suspects and found there confession at the end of brutal tactics. The prosecution that continued ...