Experiments Research Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

Animal experimentation can be defined as the use of animals other than human beings in various forms of research such as cosmetics, medical research, toxicology as well as psychological research. Animal experiments have been used widely in the testing of various products’ safety and the development of new medicines all over the world. The animal experiment procedures are known to cause a lot of pain to these animals and also reduce the animal’s quality of life in many other different ways. People who advocate for animal rights argue that it is morally wrong to use animals in experiments and ...

According to Conover, Skloot, in her book, addresses the gigantic issues of medical experiments as to “who owns our bodies, the use and misuse of medical authority, the unhealed wounds of slavery” (qtd in Skloot 2). Skloot addresses story in the history of the United State’s medical field whose past is clouded by a dark history of human medical experimentations. The dark history in western medicine shows a record of horrifying events of medical experiment carried out on patients. Unfortunately, many of such experiments have been performed on children, impoverished people, and other marginalized vulnerable groups. As if that is ...

Psychology

Abstract
There have been increasing notions on matters regards to the essentiality of in-class experiment on the students’ performance. Historically the researchers have offered varying analogies on the respective entities in regarding the issue. The various historical claims made on the value of laboratory work in schools have been based on both perspectives and facts that various researchers have established. The commonly contradicting notion by various stakeholders in respective to the issue argue that the students are basically unaware of some of the essence experiments. They argue that some of the experiments by the students they have no ...

Quasi-experiments are research designs that attempt to mimic an experimental design. However, the researcher cannot control the assignment of study participants to groups: a key feature for true experiments (Wadsworth, n.d.). This paper explores quasi-experiments as a research design.

Part 1

Advantages of Quasi-experiments
Firstly, quasi-experiments, as the name suggests, are not true experiments. They contain elements of both a true experimental and correlational research (Jackson, 2012). Therefore, they allow the researcher to obtain stronger conclusion compared to when they conduct a pure correlational research. Secondly, quasi-experiments are useful in circumstances when conducting a true experiment is either infeasible or very ...

an evaluation of the impact on distance education”

Introduction

The research article entitled “Psychology Experiments on the Internet: an evaluation of the impact on distance education students” was published in the Open Learning Journal, Volume 18, No. 2, dated 2003.
The authors are Chris McKillop, Bundy Mackintosh and Stuart Watt. The former two are affiliated with The Open Univeristy, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, UK, and the latter one is from The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.

Focus of the Study

The primary focus of the study was not the demonstration of the psychological experiment over the internet, but its impact on the learning ...

Introduction

The killing of animals for the purposes of medical research has been a great issue of concern. This is due to the fact animals are being overkilled leading to some species being endangered. This therefore calls for advocating for the writes of animals. This has been well elaborated in the following sources:
Dyster, F. D. "Experiments on Animals." BMJ 1.734 (1875): 126-126. Print
This article gives an analysis of the contagious diseases which affected the animals. The description of the health of animals was critically analyzed using the statistical tables and experiments. The article contained information relating ...

In recent years, the issue about animal right has garnered great attention from the society. Whether animal testing should be banned or not is still being debated by many people. Both the advantages and disadvantages of using animals in experiments for inventing medicines for humanity will be discussed in this essay before a reasonable conclusion is drawn.First, the critics of the idea of using animals in testing medicines argue that non-human animals are living organisms like human and also they share the same place to live with humanity, so they should be considered as non-human persons and members of the ...

Mark Twain once wrote, “I am not interested to know whether Vivisection produces results that are profitable to the human race or doesn't. [] The pains which it inflicts upon unconsenting animals is the basis of my enmity towards it” (Twain 26).
Most people find themselves in a dilemma when confronted with the subject of animal testing in research. Although many people support animal testing for the sake of basic research, and biomedical research, others believe that forcing animals to suffer distress, fear, and pain, regardless of the purpose or the outcome, is unethical. There is evidence that suggests that ...

Considering Lauren Slater’s View on 20th Century Experiments

Considering Lauren Slater’s View on 20th Century Experiments
The human condition has been the subject of consideration for many centuries and across many cultures. From the ancient studies of philosophy to the more recent fields of psychology, great minds have struggled to better understand humanity. While no single piece of work can explain humanity in its entirety, those well-known experiments Slater (2004) discussed in her book may provide a glimpse at different aspects of man’s true nature. It is through the works of the greatest minds, and subsequently the greatest experiments, that we may begin to see ...

The full elimination of animal use in medical research may seem as unachievable to some individuals. However, while working with practical goals, the task is quite achievable. The aim of the practical goals lies within reducing the animal use in science laboratories by ensuring the improvement of the conditions within the laboratories where these animals are evaluated and tested. The solution for the animal use problem in medical research was established along a study in 1959 that presented three R`s. The R`s stand for replacing, reducing and redesigning. For replacing, it means that individuals in the practice of ...

Uma R. Karmarkar, Zakary L. Tormala. Believe Me, I Have No Idea What I’m Talking About: The Effects of Source Certainty on Consumer Involvement and Persuasion. Journal of Consumer Research. 2010
- Research question:
Three different experiments are conducted to prove the above hypothesis using a restaurant review altering the certainty and expertise with various arguments. The objectives of these experiments include the testing of hypothesis based on the feedback of the participants on a restaurant review altering the certainty of the message and the expertise.
Experiment 1 aims at proving that altering the source certainty and ...

Introduction

The Game Theory is used in experimental economics, though it can be used in a number of other social sciences. There are a number of critics that argue this theory cannot hold up since not all people present in the market economy are perfectly rational. However, there are ways to rule certain margins out. There is room for error in the experiments mentioned below. Certain studies even go into finding differences when it comes to the present data and the predicted outcome. There are ways to analyze why certain outcomes deviated from the expected results. This type of theory will help ...

IS ANIMAL TESTING A NECESSITY?

Animal testing is also referred to as animal experimentation; it is the use of animals in conducting experiments. These experiments are normally done in medical schools, universities, pharmaceutical companies, and in defense establishments. The animals used in these laboratories are purposely bred for experimentation; though some are hunted from their natural habitats or supplied by those dealing in their sale. The experiments on animals are used to conduct pure studies on developmental biology, genetics, and behavioral studies. The experiments may also be used in applied studies on toxicology tests, testing of cosmetics, and biomedical research. The purpose of these ...

XX century was characterized with the significant technological progress, which has improved the life of people. Numerous products and services became available, labor and domestic life became easier and more comfortable. However, waste problem is the other side of the technological progress. The solid, liquid and gas waste are formed, and thus land, natural water and air quality degrade. Therefore, in XXI century the research efforts are dedicated to development of methods for sustainable use of water, gas, and solid resources.
Wastewater polluted with dye residuals originate from textile, leather and food industry. These industries produce goods that are ...

The purpose of this paper is to inform the public more about experiments that are performed on people using radiation. The document`s main stakeholders who might be interested are the government officials, policy makers and the public for sure as it acts as a revealing document for the citizens.
After mentioning the publication information, the summary takes you to the history of the Advisory Committee. It illustrates how the circumstances created the need for creating a professional independent entity in 1995 under Bill Clinton`s watch (Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments 1), to start investigating and analyzing ...

Experimental research

Experimental research is a quantitative study design used by investigators to establish a cause-effect relationship. This can be done through a true or quasi-environment, which are different as discussed in this write-up.

Similarities

Differences
Firstly, true experiments are used where it is possible to manipulate all the possible variables with a view to measuring the results, while quasi-experiments are applicable where the investigator is unable to control all the factors that are likely to cause the hypothesized effect (CSU, 2013). Moreover, true experiments require that the samples employed in the study be randomized in order to avert bias and confounding variables. This is ...

Electrical engineering is an engineering field with a wide range of applications and variable requested skills. And, like every occupation, it has a number of its discourse communities that determine its specifications and characteristics.
One of the discourse communities of electrical engineering is the Internet. The Internet is one of the central terms of the modern electrical engineering as it significantly boosted the development of the field and is widely used both for electrical engineering education and for practice. Nowadays, electrical engineers use the Internet in experiments, learning, Capstone projects, etc., and it also plays a key role in ...

Explain the difference between multiple independent variables and multiple levels of independent variables. Which is better?

It is important to note that design experiment requires researchers to decide on the type of dependent variable that they should use in their respective study and distinguish the same from the independent variables. However, every research ought to have a single dependent variable, but the independent variables can be many, an aspect that makes the independent variables be considered as parameters. Therefore, for our case, multiple independent variables indicate the use of many parameters in conducting a study. For example, if we take a survey to find the extent of obesity in a given area, and take the ...

Abstract

Cumulative semantic interferenceThere is good evidence now that when picture of the object are presented, naming times become a little longer for each exemple from a given semantic category (e.g., when a naming several animals or vehicles) the effect has been referred to as cumulative semantic interference. In previous work, we have presented words and picture in groups of four (e.g. prim word, unrelated filler word, unrelated picture, target picture) naming related word prime slowed down the naming target picture. In the present experiment, we extended this work by presenting blocks of five sequences of four such stimuli (e.g. 20 stimuli in ...

Animal experimentation promotes the disrespect of life on planet Earth, and should not be permitted. Many argue that the role of experimenting on animals reinforces cancer research, helping to bring cures to people with all kinds of terrible diseases. Is this true or just an excuse for lazy science? The fact of the situation is that ethics matters. Animals matter. In one article, whose title is unmentionable, deals with ethical approval of research experimentation on both human beings and animals. The two Canadian researchers insist that discussing animal research-testing incurs a lot of legally binding and ethical issues (Tremayne-Lloyd, and ...

The Name of the Class (Course)

The Name of the School (University)
The City and State
Introduction
Literature Review
According to Geopolymer Institute (2014), Joseph Davidovits discovered Geopolymer concrete. Joseph Davidovits is a French National born in 1935. Geopolymer concrete is as a result of a reaction of source materials. Constituents of source materials are alumina, silica, and alkaline liquid. Geopolymer has a 3-dimensional structure. They are manufactured using low amounts of temperature. The manufacture of Geopolymer involves mixing several products. These products are alkali metal hydroxide and aluminosilicate. Aluminosilicate acts as a binder. It is a constituent of aluminum and silicon.
Research shows that Geopolymer ...

Millions of animals undergo distressing scientific procedures, and some of these can be very painful. Does the Legislation of animal experimentation under modern societies make the issue ethically acceptable? The “3Rs” concept focuses on the efforts to replace, reduce and refine the animal testing and experiments. There is a continuing debate going on ethical issues of the use of animal in scientific experiments (Kolar111-22). Animal testing is nothing new in the society, and it has been done since centuries. The animals have been used in different researchers working in the areas of health and food. Earlier, the animals have been ...

Every year, a number of animals are locked up and subjected to tests that cause them pain and even death. This is through the animal testing procedure. Animal experimentation is a procedure whereby non-animals are tested and used to develop treatments, check the safety of products for human use, and other commercial and biomedical uses. It is estimated that, over 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for animal experiments. Animal testing is a controversial topic and like any other contentious subject, it faces a great number of support and opposition depending on human perception. It has various advantages ...

Introduction

The special theory of relativity is a theory proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905 that illustrates light and matter propagation at high speeds.

Einstein’s theory is based on two main ideas:

The principle of relativity: stipulates that the law of physics is invariable for anything that is in constant motion.
The principle of speed of light: stipulates that the speed of light is also constant for any object in any point from which it is being referred. This means that it the same for various observers regardless of their movement in relation to the source of light. Einstein established this principle after noticing a rational flaw in the ...

Introduction

Animal rights can also be referred to as animal liberation. Animal rights are the proponents of the fact that animals that are not human beings should be given equal consideration for basic interests just like human beings. Animal right activists use different approaches to argue that animals deserve to be accorded consideration and basic interests like human beings. To date, there has been a raging debate and disagreement on whether animals have rights or not. Animal experimentation is the use of non human animals for research purposes. Animals such as mice, rats, dogs, rabbits, monkeys and apes have all been ...

ABSTRACT

A mother's touch or her reaction to her infant's crying will affect how the way her child will bond or attach to her and the child's future relationship with others. Making this kind of determination enables authorities to come up with interventions and allow mothers to change their behavior and thus, become closer to their children and contribute to their positive development as adults.

Certainly man cannot live in milk alone,'' and so says developmental psychologist Harry Harlow in summing up the findings of his experiments that eventually changed the way people think about how mothers should care ...

The Significance of Benjamin Franklin Inventions Benjamin Franklin was an American born in 1706. He was one of the founding fathers of the United States. He played many roles in the country such as statesman, publisher and diplomat. He was also an inventor whose theories form the foundations of the inventions that are used today in the world (Borlongan, 1999). The seven major inventions of Benjamin Franklin are:

The Lightning Rod: Benjamin Franklin heard a lecture on electricity in 1743 that inspired him to begin carrying out electric experiments. In the year 1750, he put forward the theory that lightning ...

Introduction

The debate on the legality of using animals in research has continued to rage for many years now. A section of animal rights campaigners have argued that the use of animals in scholarly research contravenes the natural laws that guarantee the protection of the rights of animals. On the other hand, it is clear that the use of animals in research has yielded several positives that have seen the improvement of the lives of both people and animals in the world today. In this context, the current paper holds that the use of animals in research should be viewed ...

The science of human cloning is one of the most fascinating entities of the 21st-century biology. The announcement of a cloned sheep ignited an international debate in the late 1990s; two and half decades later, the debate is still very much alive (Li 1-2). The researchers at the Roslin Institute, Scotland, announced that they had fruitfully cloned an adult mammal (Caplan 1-3). The procedure used in cloning is called somatic cell nuclear transfer. It involves the transfer of the genetic code from the cell of an adult organism into an enucleated organism egg. Over the years, the science of ...

Introduction

Internet has paved the way for developments in the electrical engineering course. It is a valuable tool used by professors, practitioners, and students in the field of electrical engineering. This study focuses on the research question: how did advancements in the internet led to the development of the electrical engineering course. This paper will start with a brief history of electrical engineering and internet, respectively. Next, the role of internet in electrical engineering education will be discussed. Attention will be given on the use of remote laboratory experiments and internet’s role in problem and project-based learning approach. Next ...

Abstract

The present paper examined water quality and contamination. The three experiments were conducted to find the effects of different pollutants on groundwater, processes of water treatment, and quality of bottled water. The contamination of groundwater was observed to evaluate the result of vitiating environment that has to be protected to ensure a safe future for the progeny. Water treatment processes have to be effective as well as economical, so that people in general worldwide can be benefitted. Treatment method like filtration has researched out for the benefit of people at large. Bottled water was analyzed considering safe for drinking. The ...

The regeneration of nerves throughout the human body has been a subject of much interest in biology recently. The unique characteristics of both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) provide insights into the mechanisms occurring after once damage occurs. A good understanding of tThe differences between these mechanisms also may lead to new therapies for nerve-damaged patients, including stroke patients. Following injury, the nerves in the CNS of an adult mammal will not regenerate, while the PNS will. These differences appear in every stage of axon regeneration.
Within hours of axotomy, the PNS begins ...

Introduction

Do non-human animals have minds? This paper explores the possibility of the validity of the philosophical viewpoint that suggests that humans are not the only animals on our planet that have minds; that other animals are capable of conscious thought. It attempts to determine the consensus of informed opinion on the subject, in order to arrive at what might be considered to be the majority and hopefully correct answer.

The Research

Mountain (April 2013) published a feature entitled “Scientists Declare: Nonhuman Animals Are Conscious” which clearly came down on the side of deciding that those creatures do have minds. In his opening ...

In modern times, science has made even the seemingly impossible aspects of life possible. Biotechnology is such a field of science that deals with diverse facets of human life. Our life span is increased to great amount by the development of biotechnology. The ailments and diseases that were once incurable and thought to be life threatening seem to be nothing to worry about these days. With the help of biotechnology scientists are able to create different drugs and medicines to cure previously fatal diseases and make the life of the humans better. However, it would appear that this progress in the ...

Abstract

Researchers have been faced with difficult moments in the past in their attempt to find a cure for HIV/AIDS. The trend that the virus takes in the human body is complicated since it stiches itself with the DNA of the host cells hence becoming part of the person. The way to eliminate or remove it from the human body without altering or killing the patient is very complex and it has not been achieved yet. However, some experiments and treatments that involve the use of therapy and stem cells transplantation have proved to be the way forward towards the eradication ...

Abstract

The uses of radiation revolutionized medicine when experimentation on its potential applications begun. X-Ray technology, discovered by Wilhem Roentgen, is currently used as a common tool for diagnostics; Henri Becquerel, Marie Curie and Pierre Curie dedicated themselves to further investigations in the field, discovering additional radioactive materials (polonium and radium); radiation therapy is a popular treatment for cancer. This paper analyzes the historical background behind these two applications of radiation in the medical field. Moreover, the different types of radiotherapy are described (external-beam radiation therapy, internal radiation therapy). The concept of radiation homeostasis, which is the notion that low-dose ...

Lab 2 – Water Quality and Contamination

Abstract
In this lab, the water quality, contamination, and treatment were investigated. The ability of contaminants (oil, vinegar, and laundry detergent) to remain in the water after passing through the ground was examined. Also, the simple filtering procedure was assessed for its effectivity in purifying water contaminated with soil. The quality of tap water, Fiji, and Dasani bottled waters by the content of ammonia, chlorides, iron, phosphates, total alkalinity, total chlorine, total hardness, and pH was analyzed and compared. All of the studied contaminants proved to remain in the volume of water after passing through the soil; the proposed ...

Every year human beings consume about 95 million spondylic animals. Some scientists specially bred laboratory animals, however, some are track down in the wilderness or acquired at auctions and in shelters. The foremost intimation of animal examination was disclosed in the tractate of the ancient Greeks in the IV and III century BC. Aristotle and Erazistrat were among the first persons, realized trial on live animals. At the 2nd century AD, the ancient Roman physician Galen, was famous as the “founder of vivisection”, practiced preparing of pigs and goats. The Arab therapeutic Ibn Zuhr in the XII century practiced ...

Abstract

Perceptions often play a very significant role in determining the overall performance of an organization. Due to their enormous influence on performance, they tend to exhibit more of interaction levels of employees and their management as well as determine – to a greater extent – the culture of an organization. Indeed, it has been observed that perceptions could be a great channel through which the study of employee motivation can be achieved. Further, motivation in a company can serve as a starting point to understanding employee, as well as leadership perceptions. The research seeks to get perceptions of employees at Google, Inc. In finding the perceptions ...

I. Introduction
In this research paper, the relationship between science and religion is examined in terms of the potential for a harmonious coexistence. This is an old debate and currently it is a vitally significant one. The view of science and religion as warring enemies has historic roots. The Catholic Inquisition was known to persecute and execute people considered heretics because of their belief in science and scientific things. The Church found science as an explanation offensive. Galileo Galilei is one of the most well known of the victims of the Inquisition. He was imprisoned and forced to do penance ...

Personal identity has been variously defined. It mainly deals with matters that are connected to ourselves based on the idea of our being people. There is a broad literature of personal identity both in the Western, and Eastern philosophy and discussions have emerged in the recent past on our identity over the years. The concept of personal identity in psychology relied significantly on the version of relational memory criterion by Locke. The relational theory raised many objections. The theory argued that memory presupposes identity such that past experiences play an important role in a person’s identity. However, since 1970s, debates ...

Chemistry has had a major impact in the world. This paper examines the importance of chemistry, and the jobs that a person that has a chemistry major can be able to perform.
Chemistry has shaped the past of human beings. In fact, it has helped people to understand what air is, the general understanding about atoms as well as an understanding of how matter changes. It is imperative to understand that without chemistry, modern medicine would not have been achieved and diseases would be running riot by the 17th century, the modern chemistry had started to take shape, the average life ...

Extinction is the phenomenon when a behavior, that was previously observed, disappears from a person when it is not reinforced (Miltenberger, 2012). When extinction is performed constantly over a long period of time, the undesired behavior gradually disappears, in the longer run. However, in the short term, the subject of extinction is likely demonstrates extinction burst. This burst more frequently occurs when the extinction has just started. The burst is commonly a phenomenal increase in the observed undesired behavior. This increase is temporary and does not last for a long time. Extinction is observed in both conditions: operant and classic.
In operant conditioning, ...

Introduction to gamma-ray bursts

The universe is made up of many objects some of which scientists have managed to discover while others are yet to be discovered. Gamma-ray bursts form the highest and most complicated cosmic events present in the universe. These are high-energy explosions discovered during the cold war by astronomers. The discovery was made after the United States suspected the soviets could test nuclear weapons in space. They installed satellites in the space that detected gamma-ray flashes. It was until 1997 when astronomers discovered that gamma-ray bursts are caused by explosions of young energetic stars found in the distant galaxies. These ...

IMPLICIT ASSOCIATION TEST FOR RACE

Abstract
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures human attitudes. Implicit attitudes are considered those judgments or actions of people that are automatic and the person has no idea what causes that judgment or action. The automatic action is a result of influences from societal beliefs. IAT is different from qualitative psychological tests for measuring attitudes because the measurement is of the cognitive processes of memory that cause a person to show a particular attitude automatically. IAT-Race was used to study racial stereotypes in an experiment to determine if the “Obama Effect” was observed. The participants were prompted to go to a web ...

The advancement of technology has precipitated a revolution in scientific understanding over the last several decades. Advancements in research tools has led to new insights into every facet of scientific discovery within the realms of chemistry, physics, and biology and all the sub-disciplines forming their constitution. Increased discovery has brought with it opportunities for cross discipline cooperation which has resulted in the formation of new disciplines and has galvanized scientists to press the boundaries of research and application as has never been seen in human history. One such field testing those limits is genetics. Today’s geneticists have expanded beyond ...

ABSTRACT

The involuntarily and subconscious behavior of some individuals can be described as extraordinary capabilities. When individuals cannot consciously account for their actions, the phenomena is called ideomotor effect. The effect is not clearly understood though scientific research strongly relates it with the subconscious mind. The difficulty in conducting experiments to come up with a clear psychological and scientific explanation for the ideomotor effect, has lead to it being related to psycho-kinesis and extra sensory perception. The two (ESP AND PK) have an explainable origin from the subconscious mind although further research continues in the field. How scientists explain one sending ...

1

Institutions
INTRODUCTION
Psycholinguistics is a branch of applied linguistics which is concerned with the study of how word meaning, sentence meaning, and discourse meaning are computed and represented in the mind (Field, 2003).Psycholinguists study the manner in which complex words and sentences are produced in speech and how they are broken down into their constituent parts in the processes such as listening and reading .Basically, psycholinguistics is concerned with the understanding of how language is ‘done’.
Linguistic communication inherently involves the resolution of uncertainty over a potentially unbounded set of possible signals and meanings. The problem ...

During the early 20th century, when psychology was mainly oriented on mental processes, behavioral psychology was established to improve the ability of the psychologists to make decisions by using better experimental methods. Some of the first pioneers of behaviorism were Watson, Skinner, and Tolman. While cognitive psychology relied on introspective methods to explain human behavior and cognitive processes, those psychologists considered visible behavior the most important element for studying and understanding human behavior. However, their perspectives are different in terms of the emphasis they place on studying different elements of human psychology, and they also have different approaches to ...

1. Design of Experiment (DOE)
This technique uses experimentation to statistically determine what variables will improve the design or quality of a product. Design of experiments (DOE) is desirable when robust design or quality improvement is required. DOE helps to pin point the sensitive areas in designs that cause problems in production or yield.
2. Example of a DOE Case
DOE was used in the amplifier design process to investigate the sensitivity of this amplifier to process variation. It was necessary to find out the presence of elements in the amplifier design that could potentially affect the output ...

Abstract:

For every medicine, for every poison, for every food or anything that would entail human use or consumption; there would always be a test subject that would make sure it is safe for use, consume or dispose. While there are human trial tests in laboratories nowadays to test new strains of medicine, food or scientific improvement; scientists would often test their theories in animals if they would produce positive results that would be advantageous for humans. Nowadays, the issue on continuing animal testing in laboratories for whatever use has been questioned by animal rights groups and concerned citizens to the ...

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the article “The Gimmicks of Sex & Gender”. The article examines the effect of sex-priming in the society and its implication as regards to self-perceptions. The paper provides a detailed description of the six different experiments used to verify the hypothesis of the study. From the experiments a conclusion is drawn on the implications of sex-priming. Moreover, the results from the six experiments justify the hypothesis.

Introduction

This article was authored by Tanja Hundhammer and Thomas Mussweiler. The article comprehensively covers the sexual behavior in the society. According to the article women are expected to be submissive, ...

Introduction

The photoelectric effect can be defined as an ejection or emission of electrons a metallic surface as a response to a light incident. Energy within an incident light is taken in by electrons inside the metallic surface. This provides the electrons with the necessary to be emitted from the metal’s surface. There have been many discoveries by many scientists such as Einstein and Maxwell who have identified different experiments of justifying the photoelectric effect. This experiment is the simplest and most convincing and direct proof of the photons existence as well as electromagnetic radiation and light’s ‘corpuscular’ nature. Therefore, this ...

The law allows us to take certain decisions, so as to facilitate the accomplishment of our everyday desires. Only those who violate it have no freedom. Now just imagine that you did nothing wrong and someone put you in jail as a prisoner and treated you in an inhumane way, what would you feel? Imagine that one day, some scientists made different kinds of experiments on you, what would you feel? Every living thing in our world has feelings; they can suffer from pain, and have emotions. Mammals, as a large group of living organisms living on earth, have ...

Learning is key to human development and behavior. Behavioral psychology is one of the methods for understanding how learning develops and the understanding of individuals. Learning is a modification of behaviors due to consistent practice and requires the interaction of behavior and environment to yield changes. Assessment of learning is performed by means of tests that quantitatively measure achievements; whether they are newly acquired mental or physical skills. Learning and performance are related but separate subjects, and learning itself may be state dependent, meaning, that the conditions under which material was learned must be replicated in order for that learning ...

The Tuskegee Health Experiment: A Question of Bureaucratic Morality? Were there precise moral and ethical issues that the case presents? Are they dependent upon race, color economic status, and/or geographical location? Why or why not?
The government bears the responsibility for ensuring that all human rights are well protected. In relation to the Tuskegee experiment, both the government and health organizations are supposed to conduct researches that meet moral and ethical standards. There were cases of the people used in the experiment being exploited by the researchers. This is why the health organizations and the government wanted to ...

Abstract

This paper aims at building models in an experiment. It determines the use of drugs in social places through incorporating three models. In each of the models, the probability that people take drugs will be established in reflection to different elements and constraints such as laws, availability of drug sellers and the types of clubs or entertainment places where the people go to. Also, the state of minds of the individuals will be fundamental to distinguish whether they are vulnerable to taking drugs or not. These factors will be identified and classified either as dependent or independent variables through ...

History does not lack notable and influential people who, from their simple acts and convictions, made a clear mark in the development of civilization. From politics to religion, many influential names remain known even at the present time and lauded for their contributions. However, aside from politics and religion, there are also historical figures from the scientific community whose inventions remain integral to society. One of these scientific greats is American inventor Thomas Alba Edison, the known inventor of the world’s first light bulb. However, unlike his peers, Edison was a jack of all trades who was not satisfied in ...

How Ordinary Men Became Genocidal Killers in the Holocaust

Introduction
The Second World War was a watershed even in the history of the world. Over a period of six years, the War brought to the fore some of the worst excesses of mankind in a purgatory of hate and violence in the form of the Holocaust. The Final Solution, mass extermination of the Jews, left deep scars in the psyche of humanity.
While the contours of the Holocaust may have been the product of the skewed brains of Adolf Hitler, the sole blame of the entire saga of mass murder cannot be left at Hitler’s doorstep alone. Millions ...

3. Operation Management
- Service and Product Design
Google currently offers more than 100 products for desktop computers, mobile applications and online products. The company offers search tools, advertising services, communication and publishing tools, development tools, statistical products, map-related tools, operating systems among other sets of products and services (Cimiano & Staab, 2004). Google is actively engaged in developing and improving products to suit market demands and the changing technologies.
- Reliability/Maintenance
Google provides very reliable products and services. Its search tool product “Google Search” is the world’s most popular and most reliable search engines ...