Law Enforcement Research Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

Management training in law enforcement includes various issues. There are three major topics that are addressed by training management in law enforcement. Each of the topics has its impacts on law enforcement. These topics include; training focused on law enforcement, training managers and supervisors on leadership and training in-service or continuing individuals on law enforcement. The main focus of this paper is to determine the impact that each of the main topics on management training have in law enforcement. Furthermore, the paper will emphasize on how these topics impact on liability, training, personnel, community relations and capabilities.

Training focus in law enforcement

Law enforcement ...

Introduction

An accounting framework essentially influences the way business entities delineates success. Traditional accounting predominantly concentrates on increasing the shareholder value while also influencing the bottom lines of the business in terms of its finances. However, an growing number of corporations now-a-days, are primarily interested in either the so called “double” or “triple” bottom line accounting. Their focus is not just on measuring the impact their business practices have on the financial bottom line, but also upon the impact their business practices have on their personnel, the societies in which they operate, as well as the environment surrounding them.
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Issue with the Justice System

Law Enforcement
Introduction
The terms law enforcement pertains to a government agency that assumes the responsibility of maintaining public order including public safety and enforcement of the law. There are several branches of law enforcement both local and federal that assume the said responsibility. The local police department, the FBI, Sherriff’s department, special jurisdiction police, and among others are inclusive of the term law enforcement because their key function involves, detection, deterrence, and apprehension of criminal activities. The discussion will highlight the key functions and purpose of law enforcement and the current issues facing this branch of the ...

INTELLIGENCE, TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY/POLITICS

Police administration has been formalized in order to provide an organized system of policing.In the 1970's, professional models of policing have been expanded towards reaching the community and the police are considered to be the best judges on how to deal with peace and order in the community.In the modern era, effective policing is extremely important in protecting life, liberty and property to ensure peace and order. The effective law enforcement is important in counteracting terrorism and other security issues that can threaten the national and global peace and order. The emerging threat of global terrorism becomes a significant ...

The 9/11 terrorist attacks proved that coordination between federal and local law enforcement agencies and emergency service providers was woefully inadequate. Subsequent funding and legislative actions have served to shore up this relationship, yet efficient and effective coordination remains problematic. Surveys have shown that local law enforcement personnel, who are predominantly the ones responsible for protecting citizens, are not adequately trained in anti-terrorism response techniques and policies. There is a new awareness of the importance of utilizing all available emergency service and protection services in the planning process. The events of the past 10 years have proven that local communities ...

Discussing the Technological and Ethical Implications

INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
As mentioned, the function of law enforcement has existed of millennia. At the core of the American law enforcement system is based on the system that we inherited from England when the first colonist came to the New World. For the most part law enforcement was handled by the military class, however local enforcement like Watch Keepers and the like, were generally ineffective. The modern police, men that patrol the streets and keep the peace, is based on the example of Constables, who also often provided some other civil service positions, like land surveyors. This ...

Abstract

The project deals with changes in the federal law enforcement since 9/11 attacks. The opening paragraphs induct into the political microclimate of the early 2000s and the rationales behind the 2001 terrorist attacks. Further sections give insight into improvements and changes made by the Department of Justice, one of principal law enforcement agencies, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, its subordinate agency, and police. The paper reflects the opinion of prominent security experts, accomplished writers, and governmental officials.
Keywords: security, counterterrorism, attack, law, enforcement, bureau, police, justice
Being a big geopolitical player that it is, the USA has its ...

Introduction

Interrogations and confession are an integral part of the investigative process. It is through the interrogation process that law enforcement officers get their confession. However, there have been claims that there is a greater focus on getting a confession that the truth of the matter is overlooked. This, among other reasons has led to a proliferation of false confessions gotten through different approaches. The gravity of this phenomenon can be illustrated by the statistics on false confessions, or outcomes resulting from false confessions. Gudjonsson et al., (2007), carried out a study to determine the relationship between reported adverse events in life, such as ...

Criminal Law

Hess and Orthmann (2008) stated that a private security is a profit-oriented enterprise that offers services for personnel, equipment and a practice for the purpose of preventing losses due to human error, calamities, emergencies, catastrophe and criminal behavior. The services of private security caters to the needs ofspecific persons, companies, commercial establishments and other organizations that require firmer security measures that what is provided by the local law enforcement.Some of the individuals who seek private securities services are politicians, celebrities and wealthy business. The clients of private security companies range from individuals, small, medium-sized to bigestablishments. The rich and affluent members of ...

Introduction

The process of hiring and retaining law enforcement officers is an important one because of the service that the officers will give to the community. They are required to enforce the law and eradicate crime. It is important to have officers who are ready to undertake the service with dedication. This will be achieved through having the right people. The hiring process should focus on getting officers who are service-oriented and not adventure oriented. This paper will focus on the process that has been used to hire officers and suggest new measures that can be integrated to improve the ...

Introduction

The term, “Racial Profiling” indicates towards discriminatory practices of law enforcement agencies wherein law enforcement officials target individuals on the basis of their race, religion or origin. Profiling is an important part of criminal law if it is used in a positive manner. Profiling is an effective tool that helps law enforcement agencies in solving various crucial crimes. On the other hand, racial profiling is a discriminatory practice that deprives individuals of their fundamental rights and they suffer just because they belong to certain race, ethnicity, religion or region. This paper intends to discuss racial profiling along with discussing use of ...

Introduction

Law enforcement organizations recognize lucidly the importance of and the need to collaborate, exchange and share information. Actually, active cooperation of the public and the police service is an important function in every democratic country. Hence, it is important that public perceptions are improved in addition to increasing trust through positive public interactions and fair decision making so that the police service can enhance its legitimacy.
Therefore, as implied by the greater need collaborate, share and exchange information, it is imperative to assert that, there is need to identify specific strategies for interacting with groups which need specific ...

Introduction

The USA Patriot Act was put into effect to allow the United States to be more efficient when it comes to stopping and preventing terrorism. The Patriot Act was signed into law on October 26, 2001 by President Bush. This act was put into place shortly after the September 11 attacks to strengthen our country’s security. It allowed law enforcement greater freedom when it comes to conducting investigations on terrorism. The Patriot Act changed the way and increased the freedom of the government when conducting terrorist investigations. It allows the government to investigate into individuals without their knowledge, ...

Introduction

Law enforcement has turned out to be extremely challenging in the contemporary changing social and cultural climate. It has continued to experience a range of challenges that are generated by the existing environment. The law enforcement practices, as well as policies, have received a lot of public scrutiny. Terrorism, large-scale population movements, globalization, and entrenched social problems have made the enforcement of the law, especially by the police, more challenging. The contemporary policing is primarily marked by the uncertainty and broadening of crime deterrence problems. Among the law enforcement officers, the police have been scrutinized heavily by the public. ...

The September 9/11 terrorist attacks exposed the United States’ vulnerability to terrorist attacks. It exposed various loopholes within the national security system that terrorists could exploit to commit atrocious acts that would greatly harm the country (Enders & Sandler, 2005). More than 3000 people died in this terrorist attack, and an even greater number suffered severe injuries. The attacks showed the need for a review of the nation’s security structures and systems and the importance of emergency and disaster preparedness. Even more important, the attacks revealed the need for combined efforts when it came to the prevention and response to ...

Introduction

Biological attacks include the use of biological agents such as bacteria, fungus, and toxins from living creatures for intentional or threatened purposes to cause deaths or diseases to human populations, plants, and other animals. Therefore, biological agents can be considered as microorganisms, which affect the normal functioning of other living things by imposing diseases or even deaths. Biological agents attack continues to pose great threat majorly to the world population with majority concern being given to its ability to bring massive loss of lives to individuals.
It’s, therefore, a major concern for the law enforcement agencies and medical ...

Crime Scene Investigating (CSI) follows teams collecting and securing evidence, conducting lab experiments, interviewing witnesses and applying forensic evidence to solve crime mysteries. In CSI Miami Season 1, episode 10 (dubbed A Horrible Mind) involved an investigation of a homicide of an unorthodox professor, whose tortured body was found hanged as if by a cult. The victim was a cultural anthropology lecturer, who attracted revulsion from his colleagues and parents, but was well-appreciated by his students, mainly because of his controversy-laden course. In the investigation, which was trained on the professors’ cult-like students, the episode brings to the fore entrenched racial/religious tensions ...

Questions on Racism in Law Enforcement

INTRODUCTION
Human beings are incredibly unique and individualized beings. No two people are the same, even identical twins. That diversity is expressed in our genders, socioeconomic status, style, politics, philosophies, and, of course, ethnicity and race. That latter is as aspect that continues to be at the center of ethical and equality debates. The average American generally prefers to believe that with the exception of hate organizations, like the Ku Klux Klan, racism is predominately something of the past and not something that is an active part of our modern societal paradigm. Unfortunately, that is simply not true. ...

Abstract

The term, Racial profiling, is usually practiced by law enforcement agencies in order to target people of particular race for investigation and enforcement in a disproportionate manner. Individuals as well as some particular groups are targeted by the law enforcement agencies in such practices and they are subjected to various unjustifiable sufferings. This paper intends to discuss different aspects of racial profiling, role of TSA, Police and other enforcement agencies, along with discussing the impact of racial profiling on Muslims, Arabs, Hispanics, and other American minorities after 9/11. The paper presents a detailed background of ethical profiling, why and when it ...

Police crime control policies

Crime control is paramount for the economic development of any civilized society. The political stability of any nation is measured by the crime rate. Countries that have low crime rates are more attractive to investors and business leaders. The crime rate in the United States of America was high in the 1990s. The cities were controlled by criminal gangs and at times the fights between criminal gangs took place in the streets. The frequency of homicides was relatively high. The residential places were not spared from crime related violence. Law enforcement officers were criticized for being weaklings. The police ...

ABSTRACT

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INTRODUCTION

Police patrols are integral in the proper functioning of a community, and the safety of a community can often be changed with a little bit of oversight insofar as police patrols are concerned. Police patrols may take a number of different forms, including foot patrols, car patrols bike patrols, and even horse patrols can reduce the incidence of crime in any given neighborhood at any given time. In most areas, patrol officers are uniformed officers that patrol a given area; some areas even have community patrols, made up of volunteer members of the community, often individuals that live in the neighborhood ...

Introduction

Law enforcement deals with upholding given laws in a particular state under given jurisdiction. The people dealing with law enforcement are specific professionals with the aim of enforcing national laws, managing law breakers by punishing the accordingly and depending on the magnitude of law disobedience. Law enforcement can be divided into two categories depending on the goal aimed to achieve; first being a preventive measure, by the professionals, that seek to prevent any damage that might be translated to another person in the society whereas the second seeks to put the criminals on trial and assign punishments depending on the nature ...

Technological advancements in the recent past have solicited innovations that have revolutionalized almost all industry. The most notable achievement has been the creation and use of the social media space. This arena allows individuals to communicate using different platforms and deceive temporal and spatial barriers in communication. This concept is widely visible on platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, amongst others. As a result of this groundbreaking technology, the world has become a global village as people are connected irrespective of geographical boundaries.
In addition, the adoption of social media has allowed for improved, and faster communication as the ...

PATRIOT Sunsets Extension Act of 2011 allows for roving wiretaps similar to the ECPA, effectively enabling spies to intercept a suspect’s electronic and wire communications associated to suspect conduct under the PATRIOT Act 2000, regardless of their location. This helps track suspects who move from phone booth, handset or computer to computer multiple times in order to foil tacking efforts. Roving wiretapping necessitates interception of email communications (without naming the communications carrier and other third parties involved in the tap). Section 209 allows stored voice mail to be treated as data as defined under section 2703 as against intercepts ...

The terms ‘white collar crime’ and ‘tax evasion’ have precariously vacillated from the perception or classification of bonafide crime, or non-criminal acts. The slippery slope of tax evasion in relation to white collar crime sustains serious implications, historically and to the present. According to expert sources at Cornell University Law School, the definition of white collar crime is explained by giving an overview of an early incident in 1939, when sociologist Edwin Sutherland “coined” the phrase. Sutherland defined white collar crime as an act involving “crime committed by a person” who is normally tremendously respected in their line of occupation, ...

Introduction

In criminal justice, law enforcement agencies are institutions mandated to ensure that law and order is put into effect in a certain area of jurisdiction. They include police officers, patrol officers and prosecutors. Discretion in law enforcement refers to the capability of implementation agencies such as the police to point out and file incidents that are criminal in nature (Boivin and Cordeau, 2011). In criminal justice, discretion is also seen as the action by officers based on the opinion about the appropriate course in an encountered situation. In the process of enforcing the law, these agencies face different situations ...

Law enforcement relates to the implementation and administration of the law. Enforcing law could be examined at two levels. At the policy formulation and consequential implementation. This paper seeks to examine and discuss various policy issues at the law enforcement area. It is the paper’s contention that policy formulation needs to be realistic, practical, pragmatic and within stipulated budgets. In other words, law enforcement policy ought to be approached from a practical tradition rather than relying on various managerial theory. The paper assumes the position that policy issues are as diverse as there are topics of concern within the ...

The 21st century criminal justice system is dynamic. This is because it demands for a certain way of doing things. Any failure to abide by the prescribed way of doing things by whichever agency involved in the criminal justice system will almost inevitably lead to a severe backlash from various stakeholders. Ethics and professional behaviour are perhaps the two most important requirements for any effective criminal justice system. They are especially important in the administration of criminal justice. Individuals who are tasked with the administration of criminal justice thus have an obligation to uphold high ethical standards. In addition, their professional ...

The problem of the rapid spread of racism in American society attracts greater attention of numerous specialists, among them: the human rights community representatives, academics, politicians, government officials to find ways to solve it. Racial profiling is herewith used as type of racial discrimination. Without recourse to the etymology of the word, we note that this term usually mean the practice of police according to which a certain set of characteristics (profiles) are used to find and detain a person who has committed a crime (criminal profiling), or to identify individuals who authentically relate to criminal
activity (behavioral profiling)" ("Ethnic Profiling ...

Abstract

Leadership is a critical component of such law enforcement agency as police. To make an efficient police leaders, the chiefs of police departments need to possess a wide scope of requisite traits like honesty, integrity, impartiality, flexibility, approachability, knowledge, and other features. Depending on personality attributes, senior police officials may adopt a wide range of leadership modes like transformation, transactional, mixed, active, role-modelling, situational, participative, passive, avoidant, and laissez-faire styles. Beyond that, police leaders are supposed to pursue a number of arch-important activities like the creation of a shared vision that produces the sense of purpose for subordinates, the cultivation of organizational commitment, the ...

The Criminal Justice System is made up of series of parts with distinctive goals. It is a form of social control which seeks to ensure that the particular criminal law of the land is followed. The criminal justice system comprises three main components mainly; the law enforcement, the courts and the corrections units. All these components need to work in co-ordination but also independently without usurping the function of another. At the initial stage of the criminal trial process does the law enforcement unit come in. the law enforcement is charged with the arrest of the offenders, conduct of investigations ...

The role and responsibilities of the local police

Abstract
Terrorism is a growing threat faced by several nations today. The response to terrorism had radically changed throughout the world subsequent to the 9/11 attacks and the role of the local police in combating terrorism was fiercely emphasized. The local police, while understanding and accepting the challenge have drawbacks in their counter terrorist efforts. Terrorist outfits and organizations are generally small and are secretive in their working, which makes it difficult for the law enforcement agencies to track them down. The modus operandi of the terrorists is to seek innovative and less suspecting ways of attacks that at ...

History of Law Enforcement

History has proved that safety is vital for the prosperity of a society. Law enforcement is associated with every part of life. Health, education, wealth are all affected by the good or bad security. Early man realized this in time and this was the birth of law enforcement. Law enforcement existed in many traditional communities even before civilization. Numerous traditional communities had a crude form of law enforcement. This policing was aimed at maintaining morals and protecting the community from their enemies. The law enforcement was guided by religious beliefs and general community law. This was important since it is in ...

Crime statistics remains an essential component in the field of criminology that helps in formulating effective criminal justice policy. For over four decades, the Uniform Crime Reporting System (UCR), the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), and its predecessor National Crime Survey (NCS) has been used in the United States to gather crime statistics. These methods have been used at the national level to estimate the crime and changes in the crime rates in the United States. Such data has helped the policymakers to develop sound policies that help to mitigate the problem of crime in the United States' societies ( ...

As a way of promoting ethics among law enforcement agencies, there have been calls for body cameras to be fitted in the uniforms worn by law enforcement authorities especially the police. Body cameras are small pager cameras that are clipped on the uniform of the officer or worn as a headset (Williams, 2004). These body cameras record both video and audio of the law enforcement officer’s interaction with members of the public. The calls for the fitting of body cameras on all law enforcement officers has been prompted by increased incidences of police violence and brutality. For instance, ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Since the conception of the internet, the intentions of users have grown more devious. In the beginning, what appeared to be toy is now often used to commit crimes. When the internet first arrived in homes across America, it was not often used as a tool to hurt others. At most, it was a novelty. However, as time progressed, individuals began to see all the potential held within the internet. A person could go anywhere, do anything, and be anybody. While this must have been exhilarating, it has also proved dangerous. It is difficult to believe at times that some once ...

Dalis Manley

CRJ301 Week 2 Assignment
Youth Gang Activity
According to the information provided by the Juvenile Court Statistics 2010, there has been an increase in the caseloads involving the youth between the years 1985 to 2010. These caseloads involve offences to the person, offences to property, drug offences and public order. The following chart shows a comparison of the offences committed by females and males in the year 2010 alone.
According to juvenile justice factsheet, however, there was a substantial decrease in the rate of crime by the year 2010 as compared to the earlier years but the survey ...

ABSTRACT

One of the interesting unique aspects of the American legal system is that it really is two systems, namely one at the federal level and one at the state level. Generally, the two systems have little interaction. That is to say, the federal legal system focuses on issues involving the federal government, foreign affairs, and relations between the states. Conversely, the state legal system focuses on matters state specific matters such as education and healthcare. Two areas, however, where the state and federal legal system often interact and occasional collide is immigration and crime. The 2012 Supreme Court case, ...

(Professor/Instructor)
(Course/Major)

The US Constitution allows Congress the power to deploy the ‘militia’ with the objective of “executing the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions.” In addition, it ensures that the states are protected against aggression to overthrow the “republican government” and, upon the request of the state government, against civil disturbances. These constitutional tenets are seen in the 1807 Insurrection Act prior to and after the adoption of 1878 Posse Comitatus Act. The latter bans the deliberate engagement of any component of the Army or the Air Force unless allowed by the ambit of Congress ...

Introduction

Since its inception, internet has affected society in several ways. Internet connects people to the world and makes our life easy. It facilitates people in using, sharing and communicating ideas. People can send and receive ideas, documents, pictures and videos from anywhere to different parts of the world. Due to all these features, internet has emerged as one effective medium of committing crimes because they can operate from any part of the world without revealing their identity. If internet is useful for criminals, it is also very useful for different law enforcement agencies. Police and other law enforcement agencies ...

During the past 20 years, technological advancement has created a major challenge for law enforcement officials. A variety of crimes have emerged that find law enforcement officials are ill prepared for the investigation and the prevention. This paper will focus on the challenges that these technological changes have brought about and the recommendations on how to deal with the same in turn enhancing the investigation and prevention of crimes.
One of the major challenges that technological advancement has brought about is that criminals have access to a variety of advanced weapons that help them commit crimes. Over the years the ...

Introduction

Analysis is one of the most effective tools available to support law enforcement agencies today. Data collection is worthless unless it is easily understood and has relevance to the case. Analysis of information provides the indicators of what one has and what is missing. Analysis ultimately organizes the information in a way that possibly leads to prosecutorial success. In order to achieve this significant outcome, Colorado State criminal investigation department (CID) plans to establish an analytical unit. The objective of this proposal is to formulate a new analytical unit in order to enhance and accelerate the process of intelligence data analysis. ...

Managing is one of the tremendous activities in any time of organization. In most scenario people have become successful managers without having critical knowledge on management issues. Organizations run according to the views, knowledge, opinions, expertise, and skills the managers. The success of an organization depend the management team. In the contemporary society, leadership and management play a critical impact in the organization. The new generation of management has come up with various potential and challenges in the management sector. The complexity of management is based on the dynamic nature of managers and the ever changing trends in organizational management. ...

Introduction

In the United States, criminal justice is composed of three major parts; that is law enforcement, law courts and the corrections department. Law enforcement is therefore the first section of the Federal Government that directly deals with deterrence of crime in the country. While these three sections of the government might be interrelated, they act quite independently. These law enforcement agencies include the police, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and other agencies such as the Marshalls and Drug Law Enforcement and Border patrols.
In general, communication within the agencies of such law enforcement agencies has been at the ...

Crime has been a part of society since time immemorial. History shows that in almost every single society on the world, the problem of crime has been live and rampant. It is the existence of crime that stimulated the formation of law enforcement as the society realized that there needed to be a special body that could be tasked with dealing with individuals engaging in crime. In the modern day, crime continues to be a persistent form of deviance that threatens to de-stabilize the society. Over the years, law enforcement has evolved in order to deal with the new and emerging trends ...

Are "Tasers" a legitimate law enforcement tool or are they too dangerous to the health of suspects and should be taken out of the hands of officers?
Ever since the 1990s, when Tasers were introduced into the law enforcement scene, there has been great controversy, as to whether they comprise a valuable law enforcement tool in the hands of police officers, as well as corrections officers, or if there has been police misconduct and abuse. With a sudden burst in the sales of Tasers, with numbers of law enforcement agencies using Tasers having risen from 1,700 to 8,700, from ...

Abstract

The Fourth Amendment was included in the Bill of Rights with the intention of safeguarding individuals' right to privacy by requiring the production of a warrant by law enforcement officers in case of suspicion; however, the balance between ensuring privacy and the need to safeguard national security has been a subject of intense debate. This paper starts by giving a historical background of the Fourth Amendment, the evolution that has happened since it was put in place, the arguments for and against it, and an analysis of whether its observation impedes the work of the police. The paper also ...

Designation: ______________________________________

Earl Warren was nominated as a Supreme Court judgepursuant to three years as California’s governor. This followed posta failed attempt to be a presidential nominee for republicans in 1952. He is famously acknowledged for his affable ways and likeable character. Warren fought vigorously for achieving consensus on multiple controversial issues. He was responsible for some key compromises that enabled apprehensive justices to reinforce his ranks and also deployed a substantial amount of diplomacy to this effect. The Warren Court has been on the receiving end of both adulation and opposition for its improvised constitutional judgments and its contemplation of the judiciary ...

Voice Stress Analysis

Voice Stress Analysis

Introduction

Voice Stress Analysis (VSA) is a technology that can help in recording the psychophysiological stress responses in the human voice, especially in conditions when the person is in psychological stress due to some external stimulus, such as questions, and consequences related to the answer could be highly undesirable for subject under trial.

Lie detection is one of the most important procedures in identifying the deceptive mind. Many theories have been presented about lie detection throughout the history. In the police interrogation, “gut reaction” is considered as an important tool to identify whether the person is telling the ...

Police Role and Functions

Nowadays, it is common to see drama and crime series on television featuring the function, roles and responsibilities of policemen each time a crime is reported. From responding to 911 calls to man-hunt operations and to cross-examination of evidences, these television series depict that policemen are the ones in charge in sustaining peace and order in the area. However, in some cases, policemen are seen as the ones disrupting peace as some would succumb to corruption by allowing law breakers and criminals break free from the police and even join the crimes themselves. While these incidents of crimes within the ...

Law enforcement has revolutionized with the new advanced technology. Despite the fact that governments cannot afford the most advanced and expensive technology, the very affordable ones have made an impact on the security status of the country. Internet, video monitoring devises, and forensic advancement are integrated in the everyday fight of crime. These additions have made crimes easier to solve and criminals easily traceable. This paper focuses on the impact that technology has had to facilitate on the easier facilitation of law enforcement. It also reviews the negative impacts of crime to the society and law enforcement.
The ...

National Southwest Border Counternarcotics

National Southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy (NSBC) was first published in 2007 and focused generally on the entity taken by the United States centralized administration in averting prohibited trafficking of drugs within the Mexico and the United States. The United States is sustaining Mexico’s endeavors and helping to reinforce legal capacities and law implementation. The main goal of the national southwest Border Counternarcotics Strategy was to lessen the flow of illegal drugs, drugs advances, and the connected implements of violence across the southwest boundary (Fukumi, 2008, p. 67).

Information and intelligence sharing

The National Border Counternarcotics Strategy has adopted a policy of intelligence and ...

Introduction

Superhero is a term that is socially accepted and widely revered in today’s society. We are fed with information about their supreme powers and ability to save humanity from evil. Every popular media form has been used to ensure our society fantasizes about their presence and accept their critically maligned narratives (King 167). Vigilante, it’s a word taken from Spanish and it was first introduced to America in the mid-19th century. A vigilante is someone who operates alone or in a group, “takes the law into their own hands” (Butler 1). These people are not endorsed as ...

Abstract

A Cybercrime is a crime performed through the use of or against digital technologies . The crimes are perpetrated using a computer, computer networks or other information communication technology. The target or victim of the crime is computers or network services. The victim may be random or specifically targets. Typically, the criminal is seeking to gain personal profit or financial gain, but may also be seeking to cause physical damage or make a statement as a form of protest. Cybercrimes began to arise with the introduction of computer systems and have grown and advanced with technology. The investigation of cybercrimes ...

ABSTRACT

Police discretion is a freedom granted to officers in order to make judgment calls while on the job. However, some officers, take advantage of, misuse and abuse that freedom. Today we are seeing many instances in the media showing what happens when officers make the wrong choices and those instances have, in some tragic cases, ended in death. There are two sides to the argument. Many Americans, as well as, many in law enforcement, feel that the unpredictability of police work requires that officers have some freedom to make proactive choices as to how to resolve a situation. However, ...

As debates continues concerning gun laws and the amount of violence in the United States, many citizens have voiced increasing concerns about personal safety and the amount of force that is considered to be justifiable when faced with threats of violence or death. As a result, Stand Your Ground laws have been enacted in many states to establish the legal boundaries the rights afforded to individuals to protect themselves from imminent threats. The legalities provided by the Stand Your Ground laws gives pause to reflect on are laws of this nature necessary in this ever-changing world or do these laws ...

Introduction

Historically, dogs have played critical roles in the life of human beings. Since ancient times, these animals have been man’s best friend in almost all dimensions of his life. In warfare, for example, this unique animals have been used as sentries, scouts, trackers and in some cases war soldiers. Even though there exists substantial variation in the utilization of these dogs throughout history (from sports, hunting, messengers and war), dogs still continue to play significant roles in the life of their masters. Historical data reveals that ancient empires used dogs in their medieval battles. Great empires such as ...

Instruments Used to Measure Crime in the United States

Abstract
Different agencies across the world employ different methodologies to analyze organized crime, and these evaluations help the law enforcement managements to make rational analysis. The objective of the paper is to look at the various instruments used to measure crime in the United States that assist in making decisions about organized crime. This essay explores how law enforcement agencies assess organized crime-related harm with the help of these tools to measure crime. An accurate crime measurement is necessary to describe the social and spatial distribution of crime as well as for evaluating the efficiency of numerous crime ...

Understanding that ethics is extremely vital in public safety is something that many are not aware of or don not recognizing the significance. Ethics in public safety should be considered deeply especially when organizations are planning operation. However, some think that some polices that are recognized in the public safety sector, promotes and permits unprincipled behavior; for instance the USA Patriot Act. This act was approved by Congress as a reply to the terrible terrorist attack that took place on September 11, 2001. Research shows that this act permits federal officials bigger authority in intercepting and tracking communications, both for ...

Abstract

Deception has been considered by law enforcement officers as effective compared to other methods of crime detection. It is a better way of eliciting vital information and evidences that could capture suspected criminals rather than the use of physical means. In fact, it has gain approval of the courts as a legal way of drawing out a confession. However, it is sad to know that at times, the law officers employ malicious detection strategies like hoaxes in order to catch criminals which can affect the credibility of the justice system. Hence, the use of deception to detect a crime is viewed as a paradox ...