Medicine Research Papers Samples For Students

Section One Discussion Questions

- What significant events contributed to the evolving nature of clinical psychology in recent times? Whom do you identify as major contributors to the discipline? What are those contributions?
- The increasing costs of health and mental health care have resulted to longer periods of care and greater levels of care for individuals. Additionally, the increasing use of pharmacotherapies has resulted to an increase in the population of individuals receiving mental healthcare. Major contributors include Sigmund Freud, Abraham Maslow, and Carl Jung. Sigmund Freud identified the influence of the subconscious mind on behavior, ...

Application: The Ethics and Legalities of Medication Error Disclosure

When making an unintentional error in prescribing a drug to a patient, and considering the ethics of disclosure and nondisclosure, there are many implications that can come as a result of such an action. From an ethical standpoint, the ANA Code of Ethics is quite clear; in the case of an error, “nurses are expected to follow institutional guidelines in reporting errors committed or observed to the appropriate supervisory personnel” (2010). From a legal standpoint, errors are equally maligned; in the state of Texas, the Texas Board of Nursing states their belief that “protection of the public is not enhanced by the reporting ...

The term genetic enhancement, when used in scientific circles, means the use of genetic engineering skills to modify the characteristics of an individual that are non-pathological in nature. It has come to the fore in the last few decades, thanks to tremendous technological advancements that have been made as far as the human genome is concerned. Of particular importance is the completion of the human genome project which has, now than ever, made it very easy for the scientists to accurately describe the specific gene responsible for certain characteristics in an individual, be it ...

Nursing is a profession like any other that has issues and problems that make the nursing department not to be able to give its maximum in terms of performance. The main problem that this paper is going to look at is related to staffing of the department of nursing. One of the main problems is that most of the hospitals are understaffed. This usually affects the hospitals’ as health care facilities and it also affects the patients themselves. It is important to look into this problem and also come up with solutions to it because it improves patients’ safety. We ...

How does education, employment, or medicine create identity categories that may liberate or oppress individuals?

Oppression is a social reality that has been existing for many years. Our history will show that various efforts were made in the past to curb oppression in various institutions and social structures. Although there has been some success, our experiences will tell that oppression is a social evil that continue to exist in the current times even in education, medicine, and most especially in employment.

Miriam Webster defines oppression as unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power. It is also a condition weighing down one’s mind and body (Miriam Webster, Online). In the educational sector, oppression is evident ...

Introduction

Registered nurses are nurses that have passed licensing exams and then graduated from a nursing program. Their scope of practice is judged by legislation governing nurses who are regulated by professional bodies and councils. Drew is a Registered Nurse, who works at a busy 42-bed medical unit. Drew is supposed to be trained based on hospital procedures and policies and variety of skills performed by Registered Nurses. Before Drew can perform his skills without supervision from his preceptor, he should demonstrate his competency check-offs. He has completed 75% of this check-offs before his preceptor goes for vacation. Drew is then given another ...

Interdisciplinary relationships are a joint communication and decision-making process with the aim of better health care need of the target population. Effective interdisciplinary relationships reduce costs and advance patient satisfaction, while humanizing overall health care worker satisfaction. Working together as a team brings specific capabilities of each discipline that focuses on the care of patients and eliminates any weaknesses of other teammates. The interdisciplinary relations enhance fast and accurate medical performance. This relationship may include a physician and non-physician provider team and a physical assistant and a nurse practitioner. Interdisciplinary relationship becomes a compound process that needs deliberate knowledge passing and combined sense of for ...

Language is an integral part of health care, and it’s paramount that the patient and the nurse have a clear understanding of each other. A healthy Communication between a nurse and patient enable a nurse to get hold of accurate information on patient's health history, symptoms, and any allergic reaction. With this information at hand, a health practitioner can formulate a treatment plan and evaluate the outcomes of the treatment on the patient (Kroll, 2014).

Therefore, it is paramount for a health practitioner to find a translator to make sure there is no miscommunication between the practitioner and the patient. This is because if ...

Introduction

Finding an alternative to regular meat, which some people and environmentalists find harmful to human beings has been the goal of scientists for years. However, a healthier solution to regular meat was born. The alternative solution to regular meat is lab grown meat, and it can be argued that it is a product that is at the top of its class in nutrition. Lab grown meat has been called the holy grail of nutrition but as some people are aware, not everything that is nutritious is really good for you. Lab grown meat is in no way, shape or form good ...

A descriptive theory would be a good approach in addressing the acute Cholecystitis medical condition. This theory would be of great significance due to the approach it takes in addressing the problem. This would be achieved through using a quantitative method. This is because the method looks into all the relevant details that may need to be changed in order to acquire the desired results. Through this theory, medical practitioners are in a position to carry out a survey to establish the number of cases that are being recorded in relation to acute Cholecystitis. This would help in laying the foundation to develop ...

The elderly patients, especially those aged 75 years and older, are prone to experience falls even during their stay in the hospitals. Such occurrences can lead to severe injuries which can lengthen their hospital stay and increase financial costs. In the process of investigating how falls can be prevented among the elderly during their hospital stay, this researcher intends to incorporate the Theory of Self-Efficacy in this research. According to Barbara Resnick (Resnick, 2014 as cited in Griffin & Landers, 2014), self-efficacy is “an individual’s judgment of his or her capabilities to organize and execute courses of ...

a. Innovative Nursing Care Model: The Nursing Caring Delivery Model

The clinical nursing standard suggests that the primary role of nurses’ borders on direct patient care and professional performance. In a potential hospital work setting, nurses are face challenges that revolve around patient care outcomes and improving their professional outcomes (Canadian Nurses Association [CAN], 2010). Complex responsibilities include nursing assessment, planning, diagnosis, evaluation, intervention and care coordination for patients and families. In a potential hospital setting, the accountant ability of nurses for educational, clinical and fiscal patient care outcomes can be measured using the nursing caring delivery model. In an ideal hospital setting, challenges such as economic pressures, shortages of health ...

Obesity causes a number of health problems for those who suffer from it. And there are a significant number of people across the United States that suffer from obesity. In fact, we often hear that obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. The condition of obesity that many Americans suffer from has now been categorized as a disease by the American Medical Association. However, three recent studies appearing in the journal Psychological Science show that labeling obesity a disease may have psychological costs to those who suffer from it. Throughout this paper, I will discuss the findings of studies that show ...

Burtless, Gary, Siegel, Sarah. “Medical Spending, Health Insurance, and Measurement of American poverty”. Brookings Institute 2001

The article of the authors addresses the ongoing debate on the mechanism that is being used to measure poverty in the United States. Opponents of the mechanisms have long argued that the data, given that the mechanism where it is derived from is flawed, is inherently unreliable. As the work deals with medical spending as a component of the definition of poverty, then the method by which medical spending is integrated into the understanding of poverty in the United States. In the work of the authors, there are several points worth noting. One, medical expenditures, integrated into the construction of ...

Multiple sclerosis, which is abbreviated MS, is an inflammatory disease that involves the damage of the fatty myelin sheath surrounding brain axons, as well as the spinal cord. The damage results to the demyelination of the axon scarring including a wide range of symptoms. The disease is also referred to as encephalomyelitis disseminate or disseminated sclerosis (Compston and Coles). The first instance of the disease was reported by Jean-Martin Charcot in 1868. The onset of the disease is mainly seen young adults and is mainly common in women. MS has a prevalence of between 2 to 150 people in a population of ...

- Introduction

Seniors are an important segment of society. This is because they are the men and women that come before us and in most cases are our close relatives. In most cases, elders have contributed to the social, political, and economic successes of our country. As a way of thanking these old men and women who dedicated themselves in the service of their countries in different fields, it is important to make sure that they are subjected to relaxed lives so that they can enjoy their last retirement days. Despite all the outline facts being true in most cases, the fact ...

The Bubonic Plague is a grim but at the same time impressive page in the European history. This event triggered serious changes in society and economy. Naturally art and culture could not have left it without noticing and references to the Black Death are to be found in literature, paintings and other art forms.

Today most of the scholars agree that the most probable way by which the Bubonic Plague came into Europe was through trading. As for the trading route which was the main channel of the spread of the disease, the book by Robert Gottfried says the following: ...

Relapse

Psychotropic mediation mainly focuses on solving a mental disorder by use of drug prescriptions unlike cognitive behavioral therapy which is more concern with the thinking process of a patient. Cognitive behavioral therapy attempts to assess the situation analysis ability of a patient in a bid to offer a solution to the problem of depression or anxiety. It thus concerns itself with the form of thinking of a patient and not the content of thought. Through this- as proved by research-a patients situation analysis mechanism can be examined and improved. It is argued that anxiety and depression mainly emanate from an individual’s interpretation of a given ...

Introduction

Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV) is a virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV/AIDS reduces the immunity of the body towards infections and exposes the body mainly to opportunistic diseases. As a matter of fact, HIV/AIDS has no cure but antiretroviral (ARV) treatment measures and other prophylactic measures actually lengthen the lifespan of a person infected with the virus. Walker (2003, P. 4) argues that the HIV epidemic is more severe in developing countries especially in the sub-Saharan Africa where they attributed poverty to being the greatest factor. Additionally, due to the high rates of new infections experienced globally, there is a limitation ...

Health care spending in USA has been reported to be high than most nations in the world. A greater percentage of the nation’s total income is spent on health care even though some people are not insured. It is the third largest public health care expenditure per capita due to the current high cost of medical care and utilization

The level of current health care expenditures

Health care costs have been increasing for many years. In 2008, health care expenditures surpassed $ 2.3 trillion which was more than the expenditure in 1990 that stood at $714 billion. In 1980 the nation spent $253 billion. The increase ...

Health Care in Russia vs Health Care in the U.S.

According to the Institute of Medicine of National Academy of Sciences, the United States of America is a single developed industrial country that does not have universal health care. Instead there is a powerful health insurance system, partially funded by government through national programs. As a result 45% of total health care expenditures are spent on these programs (Sultz and Young 154). Unlike the U.S., Russian Federation has free universal medicine, and state constitution guarantees each citizen free health care services. Numerous debates rise regarding both American and Russian health care systems, their availability, effectiveness and expenditures. Each of the systems has ...

Introduction

Before the establishment of the M’Naghten rule, it was not clear whether or not an insane individual could be judged as being guilty if the individual was accused of any criminal offence. The M'Naghten Rule refers to a rule that was established in 1843 in a case that involved Daniel M’Naghten and the then England Prime minister Sir Robert Peel, (Goldstein, 1980). The rule can be said to be test for criminal insanity. It is important to note that as per this rule on the basis of insanity reasons, the defendant cannot be judged as being guilty more ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Vincent van Gogh was arguably one of the most influential artists in the human history. Through his use of color and imagery, he managed to communicate many different emotions and messages to each viewer of his paintings. He is most infamously known for the incident in which he chopped off his ear, supposedly mailing it to a woman in a box. For this reason, how he grew up and who he was as a person is particularly interesting to the public, as well as psychoanalysts. Regardless of if he was deeply troubled or not, one thing is clear, his life eventually led ...

Abstract

The research paper discusses the origin and nature of methadone, including the historical aspect of its development and further commercial and scientific use. The paper also describes the pharmacology of methadone, including the route of administration of the drug, its metabolism and its mechanism of action. Next section of the paper explains the experience in medical use of methadone, as it`s a great alternative to the painkillers based on the opiates, it plays a major role in the therapy of maintaining and replacement and treating the withdrawals syndromes. The positive effects on the pregnant patients are also described here with a ...

UAE presents Cleveland Clinic with a good business opportunity for its services. The evidence that people move from Abu Dhabi to New York for treatment clearly shows that there is a great need for quality health services in the region. Ideally, these present Cleveland Clinic with a good opportunity to extend its services to this region. There is ready market for health services in UAE and calls for Cleveland Clinic to take the initiative and exploit the underlying opportunity early in advance. My opinion is that, Cleveland should expand its services to UAE (Kotler 364).
UAE has a good environment for any ...

Abstract

Researchers conduct researches on the basis of an ideology that seems to exist. During the study, researchers formulate a hypothesis, in which they state the existence or non-existence of the phenomena under study. For a good research, the researcher has to state the null and the alternative hypothesis. It is on the basis of these classes of hypothesis, that an error is classified as a type 1 or type 2 error. The type one error is based on the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is a hypothesis that affirms the relationship between phenomena. In the case that a researcher accepts the null hypothesis, he ...

Problem Statement

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of AHIMA body knowledge in medical field and also to analyze the impact of AHIMA research in the real world today. The main purpose of this research is to observe the industry transitions from paper-based health records to electronic use.

Purpose of Study

The aim of this study is understand the Impact of AHIMA in the medical sector and the roles & responsibilities of health information management professionals in the drastically expanded in industry’s demand.

Methodology

- I will conduct survey from market and conduct interviews from professionals.
- I will also ...

Introduction

Research, according to Burns and Grove (2011), means to examine carefully. In essence, it is a diligent, systematic study, which refines or validates existing knowledge or develops new knowledge. Planning, organization and persistence are the key underpinnings of a diligent and systematic study. The main objective of nursing research is to develop an empirical body of knowledge for this profession. In addition, Burns and Grove (2011) contend that reading and critiquing research studies requires learning of new terms, understanding the steps of the research process and applying a variety of analytical skills. This paper critiques a study conducted by Karavasiliadou and Athanasakis (2014), ...

Introduction

The Cardiovascular Health Study focuses on the aged persons, who are about sixty five to a hundred years. The article states that, the number of persons above the age of eighty continues to increase at a fast rate. The persons above age eighty need constant medical attention because they face many risk factors that affect their health. In this article retention has been described as having retained persons used to conduct this study, through subsequent assessment. The information collected for the assessments, gets collected through longitudinal cohort study which uses observation. A longitudinal study uses repeated observations with same variables. The ...

Coordinator Name: Thomas Lyons

Abstract
This paper examines the air pollution problem in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Heavy pollution in the city has become a concern because of the increasing cases of health problems. Many babies are being born with defects in vital organs, pregnant women are miscarrying and the level of respiratory disease cases has risen. Although burning of coal in homes, during winter, causes pollution other sources of pollution contribute as well. The high altitude and the mountains surrounding Ulaanbaatar worsen pollution in the city. In winter, the Siberian anticyclone causes the city to have temperature inversion and high pressure, which do not ...

Introduction

The history of colonialism in America commences with the arrival of English settlers in America. The English settlers decided to immigrate to America for a variety of reasons. Some of them wanted to start fresh lives and get away from oppressive rule in their homeland.. Others were in search of religious and political freedoms. Still, others immigrated to America looking forward to acquiring their own land, which they could not obtain back at home. Many others went to America looking for fresh opportunities for themselves as well as their families and future generations. Other just craved for adventure and were ...

The importance of Health Information Technology (HIT) to the healthcare sector cannot be overemphasized. The availability of information as well as the ability to exchange this information is very crucial to the efficient delivery of care across all levels of the health care system. These levels involve different stakeholders that include the care team, patients, and health care organizations among others, which in totality comprise a political, economic system. The diagnosis and effective treatment of patients depend on the capacity of care providers, whether individual medical practitioners or large healthcare organizations to access three main types of medical related or ...

Introduction

The article “predictors of fracture from falls reported in hospital and residential care facilities: A cross-sectional study” is a detailed analysis of a study conducted to identify the predictive association between fall related factors in health facilities and the fracture outcomes for those clinical fall incidents that are routinely reported. The study is a retrospective study with findings analyzed through logistic regression analysis. The study was done on a total of 197 public health care institutions in Queensland, Australia. The study had two sets of participants picked from these institutions. The first group of participants was comprised of 24, 218 adult patients admitted ...

Introduction

Although drinking tea has been said to have health benefits for many centuries, only recently have its medicinal value been investigated empirically. There are four general categories of tea. These are green, black, white, and oolong tea. Black tea and green tea are the most common types. Black tea, which is obtained after fermentation and oxidation through fermentation, is the most commonly consumed kind. However, recent research indicates that some nutrients and elements are lost through oxidation. Green tea, which is the least unprocessed kind of tea, contains antioxidant polyphenols, especially the catechins believed to contribute to health benefits. ...

Arthritis

Definition
Arthritis is the inflammation of one or more joints in a human being (Breedveld, & Combe, 2011). This results with the stiffness of the joints and constant pain. The condition is known to worsen with the age of the individual. There are two most common types of arthritis and these are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Osteoarthritis is caused by the wear and tear of the joint of the individuals on a normal scenario. Rheumatoid arthritis on the other hand is an autoimmune disorder. There are also various types of arthritis and these include those caused by uric acid crystals, ...

Introduction

The health status of the American population has continuously been affected by disparities in healthcare distribution. While some populations have dominantly been able to access and acquire quality healthcare, other groups have been sidelined from accessing and acquiring such care. This has been caused majorly by individual and group factors which have at one instance or another affected the distribution, access, provision and acquisition of quality health care. Health disparity refers to the overall difference related to prevalence, incidence, mortality, disease burden as well as other unfavorable health determinants that exist unequally among individuals or populations. These factors are ...

Sources of nursing researches are the backbones of the most of research problems that press or stimulate nursing students and researchers to begin their researches. They may be non-documentary such as personal experiences, tertiary such as quotes from others books, secondary such as nursing literatures and primary such as nursing home studies. In this regard, when a nursing researcher wants to identify a problem on which he can research, he may find it from these kinds of literatures: On line journals such as Essential Nursing Resources, nursing association websites such as American Nursing Association and Nursing Times. Net, online databases such ...

Executive Summary

Studies have indicated that health care facilities that develop well-informed, health-conscious personnel will reduce costs, lower absenteeism, and fit nurses who will attend patients effectively. The responsibility of the advanced practice nurse abbreviated as APN is to offer preventative care, treatment as well as management of chronic as well as chronic illnesses utilizing advanced diagnostic reasoning, clinical skills, and advanced therapeutic interventions. Moreover, APNs exhibit a high level of autonomy as well as clinical proficiency in the management of rheumatic illnesses (Buppert, 2008).
APNs integrate education, leadership, management, research, and consultation into their clinical responsibilities. Therefore, this means that ...

People tend to feel good when they have established a daily routine, and a life in general, which complies with the rules of the community they belong, their morals, and personal beliefs. It is perhaps the safety provided to them by the entire societal structure around them that makes them not willing to accept anything “out of the ordinary”, when ordinary is what they have baptized as normal, based on all the aforementioned. With this in mind, being homosexual was definitely something a community could not easily accept. Having sexual drives with a particular focus on same-sex relationships was something unconceivable until very ...

Regulations are laws, principles or rules that govern people’s conduct. The government uses regulation to influence the interaction and behavior of people and at the same time shape incentives. Regulations fall under various categories including; codes of practice, accreditation programs, principal acts, agreements and policy guidelines. In the field of health care, regulations can be imposed on the practice itself, health insurance firms, health care providers, health insurance bodies and health care professionals (Novak, Berg and Wilson, 2010).

Role of governmental regulatory agencies and its effect on the health care industry.

The role of governmental regulatory agencies in healthcare is to oversee the monitoring of both institutions and practitioners within the ...

Crohn's Disease (CD): A Historical Background

Crohn’s disease is a persistent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may impact any part of the gastrointestinal path, however, normally impacts the ileum (Yamada, 2009). It usually occurs to individuals of age 21 or under (Wilson et al., 2010). The CD may affect the quality of life (Baumgart & Sandborn, 2007; Morrison et al., 2009). It may need surgery (Pihl-Lesnovska et al., 2010).
There is a steady global rise in the occurrence of Crohn’s Disease and it represents an increased hospitalization (Gibson, 2009; Morrison et al., 2009; Wilson et al., 2010). In 2009, the CD cases in Australia were ...

Health care costs are very expensive in America. In 2010, the national health care spending was 17.9% of the nation’s GDP, a very high figure compared to other developed countries in the world such as Canada and the United Kingdom (Koch 2013). In comparison, these countries are even providing universal health coverage to its citizens. Over the years, the US have adopted several mechanisms for paying for health care in America. Medicare was established in 1965 through an act of Congress. This is a health-insurance provided to persons who are at least 65 years old and eligible for Social Security ...

Introduction

Medication process is the series of steps involved in the administration of medication to patients. The process begins from prescription to monitoring and evaluation of the effect of the drug on the patient. A number of health professionals are involved at different stages of the process with physicians participating in the initial stages and nurses at later stages as they are the ones who administer the medication to patients. It is, therefore, important that an effective coordination be ensured so that the process is free of medication errors. Medication errors refer to occurrences of avoidable nature that may harm ...

I would like to become a chiropractor when I grow up. A chiropractor is a healthcare professional who diagnoses and treats neuromascular disorders while putting a lot of emphasis on offering treatment through manipulation or manual adjustment without the use of medication. A chiropractor would do anything to reduce the pain a patient is going through with the sole aim of improving the functionality of the patient while at the same time educating these patients on how to go about improving their health by embracing exercises, ergonomics and therapy in order to alleviate pain of the back. A chiropractor therefore offers an alternative ...

Introduction

Overweight and obesity are terms that are used to describe abnormal or excessive fat accumulation to such a level that may negatively affect the health and well-being of an individual (Rossouw, Grant and Vilihjoen, 2012). Over the recent decades obesity and overweight has developed to be a global issue with more and more individuals developing this condition. According to Bahia, Silvia, Barufaldi, de Azevedo, Alves, Pepe and Vianna (2012), in 2005, the World Health Organization indicated that an approximately 1.6 billion adults were overweight and 400 million adults were obese. Additionally, they provided an estimate that by 2015 this figures would ...

Cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is a disease relating to the exocrine gland function. It involves multiple organ system as a whole, but there are some specific organ dysfunctions caused by this condition. These are the chronic respiratory infections, and pancreatic enzyme insufficiency. There are also some forms of complications that are usually associated with the untreated patients. Pulmonary issues or involvement is found in 90 percent of patients surviving the neonatal period. It has been noted in recent times that the major cause of death relating to the cystic fibrosis is the end-stage lung disease associated with it.
In the affected individuals, ...

Synopsis of wit

Wit begins with Vivian speaking to the audience. She is a patient at a major research hospital and has been diagnosed with ovarian cancer (Edson 3). She treats her sickness with the same impartiality as she would research. Before she was hospitalized, she was professor Bearing. She played the role of scholar and teacher specializing in the Holy Sonnets of John Donne. In her play, Margaret takes the audience through the many achievements of professor Bearing by illuminating on the past and the present achievements. Vivian takes the audience through what happens to her when she is treated with chemotherapy for a ...

Cancer is a term used to define a class of various diseases that entail irregular cell growth resulting in some forms of malignant tumors. When the malignant cells form in one part of the body, they affect the neighboring cells although the diseases can affect tissues far from the place that the cancerous tumor has developed. Recently, cases of cancers have been on the rise, and the reasons behind this could be pollution of the environments, lack of exercises, poor dietary habits, and consumption of carcinogenic substances. Cancer comes in various forms, and if detected early enough most of them are ...

Introduction

Aspirin is one of the most commonly used drug in the world. The generic name is acetyl salicylic acid and the drug belongs to the group of non- steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines, which works by inhibiting the production of compounds in the body that cause pain, fever, inflammation, and blood clots (Koester, 1993). Aspirin is also a member of the salicylate family of compounds as it is synthesized from salicylic acid, which was discovered in Oxford (UK) by Edward stone in 1793 and first synthesized in the laboratory in 1897 by a German scientist, Felix Hoffmann of the Bayer company (Rinsema, 1999). ...

Introduction

Most of the world’s chronic diseases are preventable by long term dietary behavior. Out of the ten major causes of deaths for Americans, diet is a contributing factor to at least five of them. These diseases are such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. A report by the Joint World Health Organization on diet made in 2003 revealed that, most of the world’s chronic diseases can be prevented by regular physical exercise and maintenance of a healthy weight. This finding is valid up to date. According to this report, a person’s genome determined their susceptibility to disease while external ...

In the example of Case Study 3, in which a father of a 10-year-old boy asks for help in creating an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) for a child diagnosed with ADHD, the role and responsibility of confidentiality on the part of the provider is complicated. While a physician and health care provider has an obligation to ensure that no privileged information about a diagnosis gets out, this diagnosis must be used in order to arrange an IEP for their education. In this instance, with the parents’ permission and request, I can break confidentiality for the school board in order to explain the child’s ...

During my Practicum Experience, I encountered a patient who will be referred to as Elaine in this description. Elaine, at the time of our examination of her, weighed nearly 200 pounds, was 5’7” in height, 35 years of age, and led a sedentary lifestyle. She reported to me and the other nurses that she was a regular smoker, having smoked two packs a day since she was in her early twenties, and also drank three times a week. She has an office job, and as such does not regularly exercise. Her blood pressure was 150 over 95, leading to mild stage 1 hypertension. ...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a health concern that has attracted a lot of interest from the public as well as health care providers. It has, therefore, compelled many institutions and stakeholders involved in healthcare to come up with a detailed assessment guide as well as an overall plan of care. To facilitate easy understanding of issues relating to the health concern, information regarding COPD gets sub-divided to address particular issues. It also enhances better and easy understanding of ideas relating to it as presented.

Medical Intake/ History Review

Patients of COPD among other patients with various health challenges have to have a medical intake history. ...

Scimitar syndrome

Scimitar syndrome is a very rare congenital heart disease. It is also referred to as phylogenetic lung syndrome, pulmonary venolobar, mirror-image lung syndrome, vena cava bronchovascular syndrome, Halasz’s syndrome and, epibronchial right pulmonary artery syndrome .This disease is characterized by anomalous right pulmonary venous return into the inferior vena cava.
Normally, the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood to the left chamber of the heart that is then pumped to the systemic circulation. However in this case, there is shunting of blood back to the inferior vena cava through an anomalous vein. This vein connects the pulmonary venous circulation ...

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is grouped under movement disorders. This group comprises of disorders that relate to various unusual body movements. In addition, these odd movements are linked to the neurological system. For example, conditions such as ataxia, cerebral palsy and Tourette syndrome fall under this category.
Parkinson’s disease refers to a progressive disorder of the nervous system which influences an individual’s movement, writing and speech (Simuni, 2009). This infection is characterized by symptoms that develop in a gradual manner, and may start as a slight tremor of the hand. The disease is also associated with stiffness of muscles which ...

Crowded developed cities offer many opportunities for career pursuit, among others, to people living in them. However, like almost anything else, there are two sides of the same coin. Big, crowded cities can become the bearers of great problems, including crime, poverty, and homelessness, not to mention the high greenhouse emissions that citizens of crowded cities have to live with, breathing harmful substances released in the air on a 24/7basis and becoming ill. Apart from that, the more people are gathered in a place, the more susceptible they are in accidents. With the number of drivers on a constant rise the last ...

Hemophilia is a chronic medical disorder that causes internal bleeding and can result in deformity, joint mobility impairment, chronic pain, and narcotic medication abuse. There is no cure for hemophilia, so psychological interventions are necessary to help the affected individuals manage their condition and emotionally cope with the consequences of the disorder. Even though psychological interventions are considered an essential part of care delivery to hemophilia patients and their families, most of the interventions focus on acceptance, coping strategies, and cognitive-behavioral changes while neglecting potential psychiatric problems associated with hemophilia. This paper will discuss the importance of psychological interventions for ...

ABSTRACT

Muscular dystrophy disorders are hereditary neuromuscular disorders in which the skeletal muscles deteriorate progressively due to loss of the functional protein dystrophin encoded by the DMD gene. There are many types of muscular dystrophy and they are classified based on the genetic mechanisms involved. Muscular dystrophy symptoms are usually caused by mutations in the link between cytoskeletal and basal lamina proteins since dystrophin is a sarcolemmal membrane protein (Meregalli M, 2013). Loss of ambulation is also an important clinical milestone in the clinical diagnosis of muscular dystrophy. Respiratory muscles, particularly the intercostal and diaphragm muscles are also affected by muscular ...

Indigenous Midwifery Practices in Canada

Introduction
The indigenous people of Canada are the initial occupants of the present day Canada. They include the First Nations, Inuit and Métis. The indigenous people had a solid cultural health infrastructure even before the advent of modern medical system (Waldram, Herring & Young, 2000). The cultural health system had elements like midwifery, surgery, diagnosis and prescription principles. However, by the transition of the cultural health systems through periods of colonial influence, they have been significantly diluted. The indigenous body of beliefs about healthcare, wellbeing, spirituality and physical health, were considered deficient and substandard to the colonial health systems ( ...

New product development is the process that involves design, creation, as well as marketing of new products. This process has various elements, which include idea generation, idea screening, concept development and testing, business analysis, beta testing and market testing, technical implementation commercialization, and new product pricing. Idea generation involves coming up with a product idea based on the prevailing market conditions. The idea is intended to address the prevailing market needs so as to satisfy customers (Brands). Screening the idea involves setting effective criteria concerning ideas that ought to be continued or dropped. This involves determining the costs associated with ...