Neighborhood Research Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

Neighborhood study is the examination of the amenities, living conditions and the general environment of a residential estate from a critical perspective. Sheepshead Bay is a residential neighborhood in Brooklyn in New York. The neighborhood features low and medium rise residential apartments ideal for families. The most outstanding feature in the neighborhood is the bay where fishing activities and water transport facilities are available. The critical review of the neighborhood will be tempered by concepts of architectural design and the effects of their interaction with the environment. These are concepts defined by David woods and Gary Hack in their respective books. Although ...

Introduction

The Phencyclidine is a recreational drug that is also called PCP and Angle dust. According to research, it shows that the drug came to the market as early as the 1950s. It has been stated that it belongs to the dissociative anesthetic. In to the records, it shows that in 1965 the drug was removed from the market because of the effects that it contains. The effects came from the number of reports that was stated by the users of the drugs about what was happening to their bodies. The drug was mainly used for anesthetic purposes in order for ...

Social disorganization indicates the failure of a social institution or the social organization such as schools, real estate, business, policing, and the group networking in certain neighborhoods or communities. Social disorganization, however, has its origin in ecology, which is the study of the relations between the environment and organism. In criminology, the social disorganization is considered as the perspective as well as the theory, but ecology is considered as an approach or the school.
The social disorganization theory has, however, emerged from the research that is conducted by Shaw and Mckay in Chicago. They have discovered that the crime ...

Introduction

In the discipline of criminology, the examination of the reasons why human beings commit a crime is very crucial especially in regards to the currently on-going debate about how to handle and prevent crime. Throughout the years, many theories that seek to explain why people engage in criminal activities have been forwarded. These theories are still being explored today, individually and sometimes in combination as people like criminologists engage in the search for the best solutions and strategies for reducing the number and types of crimes in the society.
One of the theories that has been very prevalent among ...

SCSDC

The team leader Michael has been doing a lot of work as a team leader on revitalizing this community and that he has a tacit knowledge of what it takes to do so. As a team leader, he need uses the people of the community to understand the need that affect the people who live there. Therefore, Michael employs the help of the community team to achieve his goals. Michael is in that accommodating space--he's accustomed to achieving great outcomes in the community through taking action and working with various people. He has great intuition when it comes to making decisions and finding ...

Abstract

Urban centers are reliant of proper and insight planning and renewal policies in order to cope with increased social-economic demands from their populace. Milwaukee’s Washington Park and Riverwest neighborhoods contrast in some neighborhoods indictors such as housing, population, demographics, social life and economic status. While Riverwest neighborhood is lowly populated at 11, 653 residents most of whom are Caucasians, Washington Park has a small population of 1,184 dominated by African Americans. Economically the two neighborhoods have a significant difference with Washington Park boasting an average median household income of $23,327 while Riverwest households average at $30, 436. These ...

Metropolises are large urban areas or cities that are significant political, economic and social cultural centers for a given region or country. They are also important hubs for international or regional commerce, communications and connections. In reference to large cities, neighborhoods are usually districts or localities characterized by certain ranks and qualities of its inhabitants. Therefore, neighborhood segregation refers to the physical separation of urban localities or residents into two or more neighborhoods. Although neighborhood segregation had been attributed to social courses such as ethnicity, racism and cultures, in the last few decades, there is growing evidence that differences ...

The living environment shapes who people are. Naturally, in neighborhoods with a negative criminogenic environment, people often go deviant, and, when they do, it often is at a relatively young age. Researchers have gone to great lengths to study the underlying causes of delinquent behavior of young residents. Poverty appears to be one of the principal driving forces of offenders long with income disproportion, albeit to a far lesser extent. The blockade of opportunities or the means to achieve culturally acceptable norms in the society is also an important motivation. While race is not universally found to cause delinquency, ...

Neighborhood segregation is the physical separation of urban residents into two or more neighborhoods. Although urban neighborhood segregation has been attributed to some social causes such as racism and ethnicity, there is growing evidence that different economic statuses are the key underpinning reason for neighborhood segregations. Members of different ethnic groupings live in segregated city zones due to their general different economic statuses (Bischoff and Reardon 34-40). From the US Census statistics, as in 1960s, it is evident that those communities that had lower incomes tended to live in neighborhoods regarded as poor. From 1960s, however, racial neighborhood separation ...

An Assignment Submitted by

Essay 1
The research question pursued by the researchers was the following: which of the vaccines, nasal spray or shot is more effective for preventing the flu? On the basis of the results it is possible to imply that the group of researchers developed two hypotheses: 1) vaccine in the form of shot is more effective than the spray to prevent the flu; 2) vaccine in the form of nasal spray is more effective than the one in the form of a shot for preventing the flu. The null hypothesis supposed that both vaccines have equal impact on the ...

Broken window Theory

The exemplary crime levels in the society are majorly associated with the disorders, the livelihood of the people, together with the maintenance of the neighborhood. Joel Samah (2006) asserts that minute disorders, unlike serious crime; robbery, felony assault, burglary and theft, never reach the attention of the police force and other law enforcers, thence the negligence of such unobserved criminal behavior always leads to greater disorder that progress to become calamitous sources of insecurity in the society through processes that cannot be easily put into clear speeches. It is in this light that the Broken Windows Theory is modeled; ...

Operation Neighborhood Watch is a program established by the Boca Raton Police Department in Florida on May 1st 2012. Perhaps of particular interest is the fact that the creators of the organization opted to encourage greater community involvement in security matters, especially when it came to the observation and reporting of criminal activities. In addition to encouraging a change in attitude amongst members of the police department, the department through the organization, also began utilizing the neighborhood alert email system as well as social media and the website a bit more. The program essentially encompasses collaboration between the police department and the ...

Each member of the society wants a peaceful, crime-free neighborhood. In the desire to obtain such an environment the government commissioned the work of policemen to main peace and order by enforcing the law. However, despite the importance of their role in the community, police personnel continue to earn negative image from the public. It should be noted that the publics’ perception to law enforcement officers play a crucial role in maintaining peace and order. A positive perception will more likely help in meeting such goals. It is therefore important to understand the causes of the negative perceptions against the police. ...

Junot Diaz’s “How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, White Girl, or Halfie is a story about a Dominican boy who talks about meeting and his expectations of sex with girls from different races. The story is in the form of a “How to” book; a self-help guide on what to do and what not to do on a date with a girl. But behind the simple narrative Diaz hides larger issues of identity and race. His attitude towards the different girls and their race is a result of not only his socio-economic status but also his race. Race, thus is quite important in this story as ...

Introduction

Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been considered one of the key determinants of criminal behavior. Family-level SES is usually determined by measuring income, education level, and occupation, but SES is a multilevel concept that applies to both family and community levels (Bradley & Corwyn, 2002). Families with low SES will more likely live in neighborhoods with low community-level SES, which limits the children’s educational opportunities and increases their exposure to violence (Bradley & Corwyn, 2002). Consequently, the children will identify themselves with the community and adopt its patterns of violent behavior.
The influence of both family-level and community-level SES is ...

Introduction

The Rational Choice Theory is one of the most common and widely accepted theories in criminology. This theory is useful to deter criminal activity by changing the environment that might invite the attention of criminal elements. This theory has a crime displacement application. Most of the initiatives for crime prevention use the Rational Choice Theory. This theory proves that criminals make a rational choice when selecting targets by weighing the pros and cons (Akers, 1990).

Origins of the theory

The history of this theory traces back to the inspiration of Cesare Bonesana-Beccaria’s book, On Crimes and Punishment. Beccaria contended that people decided ...

Arguably, the world today has become an avenue of criminal activities. The society has become very volatile, and in most extreme situations, gangs have taken full control of the streets. As a matter of fact, criminal activities affect various sectors of every nation, which include social, economic, as well as political. Therefore, there are many strategies, models and styles that have been established to control crime. In Illinois land area, one of strategies to control crime is community policing. There is a tremendous consensus within the police departments that community policing is among the best strategy for controlling and fighting crime ...

Analysis of alcohol abuse from sociological perspective

Annotated Bibliography
Kissin, B. (1983). The biology of alcoholism, Volume 6: The pathogenesis of alcoholism psychosocial factors. New York, NY: Plenum Press.
The book of Benjamin Kissin (1983) examines the natural history of alcoholism. The author defines the reasons and factor that cause or can lead to the alcoholism. There are various factors that can contribute to the contemporary social issue, such as “moral turpitude, willfulness, and role modeling, urbanization, environmental, stress, oral personality, genetic predisposition, and biochemical defects. The source will be very valuable since it makes the connection between the poverty and alcoholism. causes of the alcoholism ...

Background

Poverty is broadly defined as insufficient resources for an adequate standard of living. (ECLAC, 2008). Crime is defined as action against the law or violation of the law (Finkelhor, 2009). Glaeser and Kahn (2008) have indicated in their research on Chicago inner-city communities that an adolescent getting exposed to crime due to poverty has 100 times more probabilities to commit crimes later in his life. Finkelhor (2009) in his research sought an answer for the root causes of criminal behavior. He found a relationship between poverty and criminal activity. His findings show that a poor person is five times more likely ...

Individual eating behavior is often linked to environmental influences, such as the density of fast food restaurants. A study by Li, Harmer, Cardinal, Bosworth, & Johnson-Shelton (2009) aimed to explore and evaluate the correlation between obesity and fast food availability in the area. The researchers also focused on local community behavior, psychological traits, social traits, and demographics and explored their relationship with obesity.
The researchers included 120 neighborhoods in the study, and the sampling design was stratified to take in account the variables relevant to the research aims, including urban form, median household income, race, and ethnicity. The target ...

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Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Negative Health Outcomes:

A Specific Look at Heart Disease and Diabetes in Americans
Introduction
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have identified heart disease as the leading cause of death in the United States . Just as concerning is the rising epidemic of diabetes as the seventh leading cause of death among Americans, and the recognition of heart disease as one of the major complications and potentially fatal co-occurring illnesses of people with type 2 diabetes. Because malnutrition is a commonality between the increase of diabetes and fatal heart disease, research suggests that changing the dietary and physical ...

The paper’s focus will be on the book ‘The House on Mango Street’, particularly, the experiences of the Esperanza family. An investigation of the experiences of Esperanza and her family is critically presented. The way Esperanza and her family relate with her family, community and the existing tensions is also established. As a coming of age novel, Sandra Cisneros’s book is critically analyzed from the social angle. The life of Esperanza Codero illuminates the struggles and experiences of growing up in Chicago. As a young girl, she serves an ideal subject from where we can study the ...

The book titled The Color of Water by James McBride is an autobiographical affair which describes the life and happenings of the author’s mother, Ruth. The book is also a tribute to Ruth’s life and all that she goes through in the course of life. Ruth is presented as a strong woman with great ambition and strength. The book is not only representative of her journey and struggles; it is also her development as a person, a Christian, and a woman during the course of her life. She is the central figure in the novel and her ...

Following the American Psychological Association’s Guidelines

Mark Ostendorp and Linda Lombard
Abstract
This study examines the concept of multiculturalism, which became very frequently used nowadays. Multicultural communities are present in almost all highly populated countries, and can be divided into religious, racial, linguistic and ethnic groups. These groups have been forming throughout the human history, and thus are very important when a certain country is being studied. Specifically, this paper is going to look into the ways in which multiculturalism affects and changes the societies where it is present. It is known that the United States is a multicultural community, and when its social life ...

Increasing Rate of Black on Black Crime in Baltimore City

This is my proposal for solutions to the above named problem, which is growing to catastrophic levels in the community. The rate of black on black crime in Baltimore city has been on the increase, necessitating an immediate solution to address. The proposal identifies the causes and effects of the crime, and comes up with practical suggestions to policy makers in the city. I have proposed practical solutions based on evidence from research, which if effectively implemented will achieve greatly in preventing and controlling the crime in the city.
As a member of this community, I have realized the ...

Broken Window Theory

The broken window (theory) refers to a criminological theory devised by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. The theory states that monitoring and maintaining urban environments in a structured and well-ordered condition can stop vandalism. The theory investigates the effects of social disorder such as anti-social behavior as it relates to community life. Additionally, it correlates vagrancy, social norms and quality of community life. It is imperative to define social norms and disorder in order to efficiently examine how the broken windows concept requires both police and neighborhood participation.

Disorder and Social Norms

According to Keizer and Lindengard (2008), social norms and disorder refer ...

The Effect of Local Violence on Children’s Attention and Impulse Control

The study is provides proof of the nature of effects and influences, localized interpersonal violence has on children. There is both direct and indirect exposure, with negative effects on the health and mental wellbeing of children. Furtherance is the presence of psycho-biological influences i.e. depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and difficulty in individual concentration. It is important, especially for public health, due to the fact that it portrays the nature of influences children experience, when exposed to various forms of violence, especially on their personal optimal functionality and general behavior. The research questions being asked include: the effects of exposure ...

Both the Meisner and Stanislavski methods of acting employ psychology to help actor’s break down the acting process into manageable and relatable step. By analyzing the similarities and differences between Meisner and Stanislavski’s techniques, I endeavor to identify these psychological factors and identify the effectiveness of these techniques. Meisner and Stanislavski’s techniques have greatly influenced the acting world by allowing for obtainable objectives and working in conjunction with psychological thought processes.

Stanislavski’s Method

Many consider Stanislavski “the father of modern acting techniques.”(Harman). Stanislavski taught at the Moscow Arts Theatre (Honey-Ellen Davis). His unique approach included three basic ...

Abstract

The present paper is a review of the various causes of violence among teenagers and possible ways to eliminate it from the society. Various books and journals have been studied to collect data from last few years regarding the reported deaths, drug abuse cases, violence cases, etc. among teenagers. Further, towards the end some worthwhile recommendations to curb the issue have also been proposed.

Introduction

Life is a cycle of birth and death, marked by several stages of development from infancy, childhood, teenage, adulthood and old age. These stages are marked by their own peculiar characters of physical, social, emotional, ...

Abstract:

Mental illnesses altogether place a significant burden of disorder on young people. They induce adequate negative outcomes short- and long-term in several domains. Many youths with mental illnesses such as Bipolar disorder and Schizophrenia fall into the clutches of the criminal justice system (CJS) due to their risky behavior. This leads to a problematic quality of life. The main objective of the paper is to highlight about the mental illnesses in youth and the criminal justice system. A web search was conducted and quality articles were retrieved. It was observed that mentally ill youth encounter trouble with regard to ...

Gentrification has been a very controversial topic in urban planning since 1964, when it was first introduced. Though upper and middle classes can benefit from this process, it can bring significant loss to low income residents. Some people see this process as the one that improves the quality of life, others are left with nothing but hatred for people who took their places and changed their communities. There are different views and opinions on whether gentrification has more advantages or, on the contrary, more negative sides. In this paper there are many researches on gentrification discussed and compared, as ...

Food deserts are those areas within cities where the local population has no or little access to fresh fruits and healthy vegetables. There is evidence that the food desert areas are more prevalent in the lower income neighborhoods. Lack of healthy foods leads to obesity and health ailments such as heart disease and diabetes. It is also seen that the neighborhoods with low-income are mostly African American. The essay discusses the Food deserts, what they mean and who is affected and how. Research works on food deserts in Baltimore city are looked into and how a lack of nutritious ...

Introduction

Our galaxy, the star system of our solar system, is called the Milky Way. The Milky Way is a grand cluster of stars visible in the sky as a bright band of fog. In the ancient Greek, the word "galaktikos" means "milk", "milky", so the Milky Way and stellar systems similar to it are called galaxies. In our galaxy, there are more than 200 billion stars of very different luminosity and color ("The Milky Way Galaxy - 200 billion stars", 2016).
The Solar neighborhood is the volume of the galaxy, where we can observe and study the stars of ...

Introduction

This paper will look at the killings in the united states that have been linked to racial differences. The article will provide detailed information on the events of the cases of Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown in Ferguson, and Eric Garner. The paper will also explore the people’s reactions to these killings, and finally the reforms that the government intends to implement to prevent further killings.

Occurrences of the events what happened with Trayvon Martin

Trayvon Martin was killed in February 2012 in a shooting (Greg 2012). Zimmerman is believed to have killed the 17-year old teenager. Zimmerman was a neighborhood watch, and he is reported to have called the ...

Introduction

Marine pollution is a major problem affecting coastal regions of the world. Approximately 6.4 million tons of waste find its way into oceans annually (Polythene Pam, 2014). Marine pollution results from the effects of both environmental factors and human activities. Environmental factors such as rainfall cause run-offs, which carry pollutants from the land and deposit them in oceans. Human activities are the major cause of marine pollution, accounting for over 80% (Gunther). Such activities include the dumping of plastic garbage, oil spills, sewerage discharge and discharge of toxic chemicals from industries. Statistics indicates that plastic garbage is the dominant marine ...

The titular novel “The Great Gatsby”, is considered one of the greatest pieces of writing of the 20th century and hailed as a classic by readers everywhere. In this novel, one can find, not only an intriguing story, but a tangled web of psychological complexities between its characters. It is a tale of desire and deception, of how reality comes crashing down on us when we appreciate it the least. It is a tragic tale, and a cautionary one at that, but with so many themes at play, like all great classics, there is always something to be discovered with each reading of the ...

“Instructor’s Name’

The Raisin In the Sun
A Raisin in the sun is a play that epitomizes the struggle of the African American community in America, during the Jim Crow era. The slavery shackles had been removed and many rights were bestowed on the Blacks during that period, but all those legislations and laws could not erase from the hearts of the people the racial disparity, which had grown strong roots over centuries. This play written by Lorraine Hansberry, won the award for the Best American Play and Hansberry went on to become the first American writer to get this award which ...

Climatic concerns are global issues that are forming part of annual if not daily agendas of every civilization. The article is a report of an event held on November 20, at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP19). The KKL-JNF in addition to the Indian National Council for Climate Change, the Israel Ministry of Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development and Public Leadership shared the event under the title Sustainable Adaptation Policies: Local Solutions for Global Problems; Israeli and Indian experiences. The event appeared to an inspiration of various ideas, which the participants have with held for long. The ...

Arguably, the society for many decades has become an avenue of criminal activities. As a matter of fact, many strategies, models, and styles have been developed to reduce and eliminate crime in the society. Community policing is one of the strategies implemented in many states in order to deal with crime within the neighborhoods. Crime has great influence in the development of a nation; in fact, it affects all aspects of life, namely economic, social, as well as political. In most cases, community policing is often called foot patrol, and it has continuously become the subject of research and debate from ...

Abstract

Currently, it has been assumed that with the declining prevalence of racism and seemingly reduced rate of bullying in the neighborhood, schools in the United States of America are no longer affected by the negative vices of bullying, whether based on the race, gender or otherwise. In this regard, it is further assumed that the counselors within the schools have the ability to eliminate bullying within the schools. However, there is a very great difference between the reality and the assumptions taken so far. In addition, there are several reports on studies that have been developed with an aim of ...

Lorraine Hansberry's play is one of the most famous literary works of the late 50s, which raises the issues of racism, racial discrimination, and cultural identity of African Americans. The author touches on the social problems of the postwar period, and most of these problems relates to the African-American cultural heritage. Hansberry describes the life of an ordinary African American family living in the south of Chicago. The family members' relationship and the response to the opportunity to achieve something more reveals the basis of the plot and the perspectives of the play. The play's problematics affect mainly the ...

Abstract

Juvenile delinquency in the United States is steadily increasing at an alarming rate. The age pool of offenders keeps on decreasing even for violent crimes such as homicide and rape. It is unclear on how the society deteriorated in successive decades since the 1970s crack cocaine epidemic. Street gangs took over droves of students into their establishments while promising acceptance. The programs that came to the aid of the criminal justice system were two pronged. The primary program is prevention. This program holds the potential to safeguard schoolchildren who are yet to succumb to the pressures and circumstances around ...

The Police in America have always been Controversial

The establishment of the police is a mandate of the constitution to ensure law enforcement, as well as public order and safety. It is created as an instrument to maintain a civil nation. As Egon Bittner asserts, the police, as an agency, are empowered and responsible to provide short-term solutions to emergent problems. Its manpower is competent enough to provide intervention to any form of emergencies, without any exceptions (Bittner, 1974). It is an institution created by the state as part of its efforts to police the people and protect the state and the people from lawless elements. Unlike ...

Environmental laws and regulations are framed to protect the air, land and water environment as well as human health from adverse impacts of industrial or commercial activities. All capital ventures are aimed towards increased production and associated profits, while the surrounding environment is taken for granted. Results of such environmental devaluations are great disasters that lead to severe capital and human loss. Four different disasters that resulted from violation of major environmental laws or led to the development of new regulations are discussed below in detail.

Love Canal

Hooker Chemical Company acquired an aborted canal project area near Niagara Falls called ...

Humankind is susceptible to many situations which are sudden and take people unawares, wrought by both nature and mankind. These situations are known as emergencies and wreak huge losses to life and property. Although modern technologies have devised sound meteorological systems that may warn us of impending natural calamities such as earthquakes, volcanoes, cyclones, Tsunamis etc., the losses suffered cannot be fully recovered because Government machinery is never sufficient to deal with the magnitude of the disaster. Modernization of facilities to make living style easier has in its wake exposed human kind to many dangers. Exposure to these dangers ...

Introduction

Community policing programs are extremely necessary and vital to keep communities and our youth and young adults safe. Without community policing, a lot of young ones would be more inclined to commit crimes and ruin their futures before it even starts. The point and goal of community policing is to instill trust in the communities towards law enforcement officers and to ensure that the communities are remaining safe. First and foremost, we must understand what community policing is. Community policing is a system that allows police officers to work with individual citizens, groups of citizens, and public and private ...

Questions on Racism in Law Enforcement

INTRODUCTION
Human beings are incredibly unique and individualized beings. No two people are the same, even identical twins. That diversity is expressed in our genders, socioeconomic status, style, politics, philosophies, and, of course, ethnicity and race. That latter is as aspect that continues to be at the center of ethical and equality debates. The average American generally prefers to believe that with the exception of hate organizations, like the Ku Klux Klan, racism is predominately something of the past and not something that is an active part of our modern societal paradigm. Unfortunately, that is simply not true. ...

Sustainability in Saudi Cities

Sustainability in Saudi Cities

Introduction

Both defining and describing the sustainable relationship between the historic and newer built environment of Saudi Arabia’s state capital Riyadh focuses on culture as a mitigating factor in historic preservation and sustainability representative of Saudi cities. This scholarly exploration of the existing construction looks influences on their design from an environmental perspective. The following academic investigation therefore, both compares and contrasts the specifics of the time-honored urban design with the modern.
The following investigative account provides information on the environmental and cultural aspects underpinning traditional urban design versus the adoption of 1970s Western urban ...

Social in the broad sense means the society while psychology denotes the scientific study of an individual’s mental behavior and functions. Social psychology therefore involves the study people’s thoughts, feelings and behavior influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. It underlies the spectrum assumption of how human action is the product of free will or determinism, nurture or nature (Cartwright 20). In essence, it defines the way the environment influences the character and socialization of an individual. In an ideal environment where the individuals adhere to the norms of the society, the degree of ...

In December 2010, Tarek Mohammed Bouazizi, a street vendor in Tunisia set himself on fire to protest the humiliation he suffered at the hands of a police patrol officer who assaulted him in the street and police officials who refused to hear his complaint. Bouazizi’s death would not only be the catalyst for the overthrow of Tunisian President Zine Ben Ali but would also be the spark to the overthrow of governments in Libya, Egypt and Yemen as well as civil war, protests and popular agitation in over ten countries across North Africa and the Middle East. While the nations ...

The answer, no; only a correlational effect.

The answer, no; only a correlational effect.

Introduction

For years, people have been playing all sorts of video games and has fallen in love with playing the ones that they do play. There are some people who play video games use it as an outlet when they need to relieve stress, and there are others who do it because they simply love playing video games to waste time. Ironically, some parents are against their child playing video games because of the fact that it has been known to invoke feelings of violence that is basically not true. Video games are play ...

Introduction Technology is currently evolving at an alarming rate than its implementation. The departments of police should adopt the use of technology to enable them effectively prevent crime through predictive analysis. Integration of technology based on information system and operations eliminates the outdated and informal pitfalls, thus giving way for easier and faster access to required information. The process of predictive policing emphasizes on operating, managing and developing an integrated information infrastructure. Ideally, this approach leads to the elimination of information technology pitfalls in the police department. The application of IT in police departments leads to neighborhood prosperity irrespective ...

Introduction

This research paper investigates the subject of Community Policing. Firstly it offers a definition of the term – what it actually means. Further, the paper discusses the theoretical background. More than one theoretical “label” is used in attempting to offer credible theories to support the concept of community policing. As well as describing some early efforts at implementing community policing policies and practices, this paper also provides examples of case studies of community policing, thus providing comparisons of real-life situations with the theory. Finally, there are opinions with regard to the future for community policing.

Community Policing: A Definition

“Community Policing Defined” is the title ...

Culture is simply the way of living of the people as it gives people a sense of identity, belonging and pride. This explains why people always regard their culture and have such a great esteem towards it. Culture entails several aspects of the community ranging from language, traditions, customs, and festivals among others. It is in this broad concept of culture that the rites of passage exist. There are many transitions that occur in the life of a person. Some of these transitions are trivial while others are major depending on societal consideration. The rites of passage are a cultural mark and the ...

ABSTRACT

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INTRODUCTION

Police patrols are integral in the proper functioning of a community, and the safety of a community can often be changed with a little bit of oversight insofar as police patrols are concerned. Police patrols may take a number of different forms, including foot patrols, car patrols bike patrols, and even horse patrols can reduce the incidence of crime in any given neighborhood at any given time. In most areas, patrol officers are uniformed officers that patrol a given area; some areas even have community patrols, made up of volunteer members of the community, often individuals that live in the neighborhood ...

Fiction and drama often deals with how characters deal with their dreams and aspirations; often, characters sabotage themselves and prevent themselves from achieving their dreams, while other times the world they live in keeps them from having what they want. The American Dream means many things for different people, but its common conception is the idea that people can achieve social mobility and prosperity no matter what they start with, if they work hard enough and seize opportunities (Cullen 191). For African-Americans in the 20th century, the American Dream itself was much harder to achieve than for whites - ...

While Michelle Gordon analyses the themes presented in Lorraine Hansberry’s “A Raisin in the Sun”, Zachary emphasizes on the setting of the play and how it is presented to the audience. Both critiques have a common ground that although “A Raisin in the Sun” has a racism dimension, its success as a play which presents the prevailing Chicago conditions at that point in history. In the setting of a Chicago ghetto where a black family resides, the play reveals the level of poverty and suffering experienced by the large family with Beneatha’s shortage of school fees among other issues that unfold in ...

Introduction

Empowerment can be defined as the process of increasing or raising the capacity of an individual to make choices that will help them realize their goals or outcomes. Empowerment can take the role of a whole organization where the different individuals’ capacity is increased to make better choices that will transform to better lives and desired actions. Increasing the efficiency of an individual to perform a task better means empowering the named individual to realize his/her set out goals. Fairness in organizations is one of the means of empowering the individuals as there is collective improvement in service delivery. Monitoring the ...

Arthur Miller’s iconic play Death of a Salesman is rife with symbolism, rich characters that welcome in-depth study and debate, relationships between different characters that warrant close examination and themes and motives that range from statements about the American Dream and socioeconomics to the importance of place, feminism, gender roles and familial relationships. One of the most prominent themes in Death of a Salesman is that of betrayal. Arthur Miller thoroughly and effectively examines betrayal and the different forms it can take. Betrayal and abandonment, a form of a betrayal, characterize nearly all of the significant relationships in the play, particularly the ...

Introduction

Founded in 1962 by two brothers Sam Walton and James Walton Wal-Mart has grown to be one of the leading retail stores globally. The first store that the duo opened was Wal-Mart Discount City in Rogers, Arkansas. This store acted as the baseline towards the current and continuous growth that Wal-Mart continues to enjoy within the local and international markets on retail stores industry. In the World Wal-Mart is positioned as the second largest company based on the successive growth, shares that the company has acquired within the market and the dominance within the industry. The company has been ...