Positive Reinforcement Research Papers Samples For Students

Abstract

In this paper, I will describe punishment as a learning tool. Early research was focused on the system of reward and punishment as the only method for shaping and maintaining desirable behavior. However, that same research displayed a variety of results, so it was not possible to predict every outcome and negative long-term effects of punishment. Eventually, learning theories stopped focusing on punishment as a learning method, and they proved the importance of positive reinforcement, learner participation, and learning behavior through observation. Some of the most popular contemporary theories include the social-cognitive learning theory and the constructivist learning theory. Furthermore, punishment is a ...

Abstract

Operant conditioning refers to the process of behavior learning in which an individual receives external stimuli that can affect learning outcomes. The term was first used by Skinner, even though Watson and Thorndike already understood the procedures of operant conditioning, with the exception of continuous stimuli that were first applied by Skinner. The five procedures that explain the types of stimuli that can affect human behavior include positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, negative punishment, and extinction. In practice, operant conditioning is used to teach behavior to children, modify behavior in psychotherapy patients, and eliminate old or introduce new ...

Research Paper

Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as an impairment in neurobehavioral functioning that is characterized by constant and dysfunctional indications of inattention and hyperactivity. Individuals with ADHD usually have major disabilities in interpersonal, social, and academic performance. Moreover, ADHD is related to a number of co-morbid disorders and disabilities like learning impairments, disruptive behavioral patterns, and mood disorders. Numerous treatments have been studied by researchers, but most of them focused on pharmacological treatments. Generally, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of behavioral treatments in treating ADHD. One of the potential treatments for ADHD-- positive ...

Describe the theory of operant conditioning.

“Operant conditioning” is a term given to a system of learned behavior 1937 by B. F. Skinner that has to do with consequences controlling a person or animal’s behavior. Operant Conditioning is conditioning in which a person acquires a repeated association with a consequence with a certain behavior. An example would be a domesticated dolphin who learns that every time he does a double belly flip in the air he is rewarded with his favorite fish, salmon. After enough instances of receiving a salmon after doing a certain thing, consciously or unconsciously he will continue to repeat this behavior because he has associated a positive consequence with it.
Classical ...

“IMPROVING PERFORMANCE WITH FEEDBACK, REWARDS, AND POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT"

INTRODUCTION
The process of managing the output which an organization produces and reforming the defined processes accordingly for enhancing the production outcomes is referred as improving the performance. There are several steps and measures which must be taken by the management for enhancing the overall performance of the organization. This requires that the employees are motivated and they clearly understand the goals which the organization wishes to achieve. The desired outcomes can be achieved by providing the employees with feedback, offer rewards and incentives and positively reinforce the workforce so that they remain motivated and align themselves with ...

Theory of operant conditioning

Theory of operant conditioning (instrumental conditioning) is the application of a character’s precursor and or its effects to pressurize the occurrence and type of character. Operant conditioning can be differentiated from classical conditioning (respondent conditioning) in that operant conditioning focuses on the adjustment of voluntary behavior or operant character. Operant character functions on the environment and is sustained through its outcomes, while classical conditioning focuses on restraining of reflexive (reflex) traits that are drawn by the precursor circumstances. This implies that it is way of studying, which happens through incentives and penalties for the character. This theory was first ...

Learning is one of the areas of human psychology that remains, to this day, hotly contested by researchers. Some claim that learning is one type of process, while others claim that learning takes place through a different process. Two of the leading theories regarding learning are the theories of operant and classical conditioning. Both have been studied extensively throughout the years, and each has supporters and detractors. Choosing a method for learning and teaching behavior is different from learning complex ideas and engagement in a classroom, but principles of operant and classical conditioning can still be used in these situations to encourage ...

Section 1: Proposal

Within the major profession of criminology, one recurring problem is the explanation of criminal behavior patterns and their relationship to crime, involving the subtopics of the sociological legal and psychiatric aspects of crime which contribute to defining and elaborating on criminal behavior.

Section 2: Body Sections

Casey, Sharon. "Elements of Psychological Maturity and Its Influence on Antisocial and
Criminal Behavior." The open criminology journal 4.Suppl 1-M1 (2011): 32-39.
This article by Casey explores the concept of psychological maturity in adolescents and how it relates to teen violence. The author explores the background information currently existing in the field of developmental ...

Introduction

Many thinkers and scientists have proposed models and theories about how people learn; they are called learning theories. The learning theories are classified as behaviourism, cognitivism, constructivism, humanism and design-based. Behaviorism is based on the supposition that learning occurs for an organism through interactions with the environment. Behaviouristic school assumes that an organism always responds to a stimulus and the ‘responses’ are depends on the nature of the stimulus, i.e. rewarding or pain giving. Here, the learner is considered as a system that has the capability to respond to a stimulus and the learner is passive. The definition that emerged from the ...

Abstract

Great deal of children all over the world suffers from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Symptoms of ADHD include hyperactivity, emotionalism and difficulty of staying focused. Children with ADHD usually have the lack of comprehension skills, poor study results and problems with following instructions as a result, they are more likely to conflict with coevals and teachers.
There are different types of ADHD treatments, the most common one is academic interventions which include manipulating antecedent conditions, parent tutoring, homework management programs, instructional modifications, self-monitoring. Self- monitoring technique is crucial for children with ADHD, as teaches them not only to regulate ...

Theories of Behaviorism and Operant Condition or Learning

Theories of behaviorism relate to principles that seek to explicate behavior in terms of overt or observable actions and responses. Behaviorism is essentially defined by the theories proposed by John Watson and B.F. Skinner, which highlight the stimulus and response mechanism as a way to observe and understand human behavior. Behaviorism highly values observable behavior because it is a manifestation of internal behavior that is measurable and may easily be recorded (Nevid, 2012). Behaviorists such as Watson and Skinner argue that the observable and measurable nature of overt behavior makes it an essential and reliable gauge of human behavior. Watson is ...

Abstract

The paper is devoted to the elaboration of token economy system for students, who prefer being absent at classes. The reasons of absence were considered, and appropriate tokens were suggested. The class of juniors, who studied Microeconomics, was taken for conducting an experiment with tokens in the form of additional marks. These marks gave an opportunity at the end of the course to choose the exam questions personally based on their complexity and quantity, namely to create an examination card, and an opportunity to decide how to pass an exam, namely completion of the test, oral discussion, presentation preparation ...

Eldrick Tont Woods, commonly known as Tiger Woods, is an American professional golfer born in December 30, 1975. Currently, Tiger Woods is one of the most successful golfers in history with a collection of trophies to his name. The determination to excel in golf makes Woods a perfectionist. Since his adolescent days, Woods sets very high standards for himself and goes to great lengths to surpass those standards. As a result, Neal Miller’s social cognitive theory would be the most appropriate for analyzing Wood’s perfectionist behavior.
According to Miller’s social cognitive theory, there are four key areas when ...

Have you ever wonder why there are children that have tantrums and as soon as the parent hand them a candy, they will stop? However, there are kids that when parents spank them they do stop acting up. How about a kid will stop their outburst when the promised toy was not bought? All three are different methods, but the intended result is the same; stop the tantrum. Operant conditioning (sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning) is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that ...

The topic of this paper is parent/child relationship. A positive parent child relationship is an essence of child’s psychological, emotional and social development. Parent/child relationship is defined as the combination of feelings, behaviors and emotions that are particular to certain parent and their children. Three types of problems are faced by the children due to conflicting parent child relationship; social adjustment problems, problems in adopting discipline and problems in educational settings. Studies has been quoted which show that the children personality is directly affected by the behavior and attitudes of the parents .This paper shall focus on the ...

Research on Token Economy

Abstract
This paper will address the different behavioral issues that teachers are facing in their everyday classroom activities. Along with that is to develop a token economy program that will serve as a positive reinforcement in order to maintain appropriate classroom behaviors among students. The grade level focus of this paper is the preschool level. One or another, children below the age of seven is not pretty much serious enough yet to attend school and some of them are still not aware of how important it is that they attend school. Tendency is, children act inappropriately showing tantrums and disinterest ...

Introduction

Discipline is said to be one of the methods that is supposed to instill the desired behavior in the child. The issue of discipline towards the children differs from one culture to another and the meaning attached to it also differs. The bottom line however is that all cultures agree on the importance of condemning bad behavior in the children. The difference is brought about by the differences that arise on the basis of the social environment as well as the rules and norms of the society. The following discussion shall focus on the differences between the approach of ...