Skin Research Papers Samples For Students

Introduction

Although drinking tea has been said to have health benefits for many centuries, only recently have its medicinal value been investigated empirically. There are four general categories of tea. These are green, black, white, and oolong tea. Black tea and green tea are the most common types. Black tea, which is obtained after fermentation and oxidation through fermentation, is the most commonly consumed kind. However, recent research indicates that some nutrients and elements are lost through oxidation. Green tea, which is the least unprocessed kind of tea, contains antioxidant polyphenols, especially the catechins believed to contribute to health benefits. ...

Debra Dutton

BIO 201
Pollution and the Human Body
The human body has an incredible defense and healing system. It uses the various senses like smell, sight and taste to filter the food, air and water as they get into the body. The skin safeguards the body tissues and internal organs from environmental hazards. The skin also senses the variations in environmental temperatures and acts as the body’s stimuli in controlling the body temperature. The brain and the nervous system are part of the complex response and flight mechanism that responds to emergencies and dangers. An army of ...

Introduction

Scleroderma is also called systematic sclerosis. A chronic illness comes under the category of autoimmune rheumatic illness. Scleroderma is the combination of two Greek words that mean “hard skin.” Even though the symptoms of Scleroderma are very vast, hardening of the skin is the most visible symptom of this disease.
Scleroderma is a combination of rare diseases affects the skin and its connective tissue. In extreme cases, it affects the body’s framework way beyond the skin. The blood vessels, organs, and digestive system are affected.

Etiology/Onset

According to research, Scleroderma is caused by the production of collagen in the ...

Natural gas represents a gases mixture that can be found in the ground and is created by the way of organic substances decomposition of anaerobic character. Typically, this type of gas is a mix of gaseous hydrocarbons, such as butane, ethane, methane, propane, etc., which is found in the earth's crust. It is broadly utilized as a fuel of very economical kind for various power plants in the glass and cement industry, nonferrous and ferrous metallurgy, building materials production and for household needs. It is also used as raw component for various organic compounds.
This type of gas is a mineral deposit ...

Dietary plan for Mrs. Crites

It is important for us to understand that there is no specific meal plan that suits all skin conditions. This simply tells us that there are certain meal plans that work for certain skin condition. This indicates that there are certain types of diet or meal plan that best suits Betty Crites skin condition that is found to be showing the signs of stage 1 pressure ulcers. An ulcer that is related to the effect of reduced mobility the patient has as a challenge resulting from the lifestyle of an unskilled long term care. Her chronic conditions of hypertension that ...

- Background
Incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine or fasces and may be transient or chronic. It is crucial to note that more than 90% of patients with incontinence, who are admitted in hospitals including the elderly, develop a for skin breakdown (Fung, 2007, 447). The skin is an important organ in our body because it prevents the human body against external factors. The urinary or fecal incontinence is a risk factor for breaking down the skin, which hinders it from playing its role. It is crucial to note that there are several factors such as age that hinder ...

Body Art and Ornamentation

Body art and ornamentation
For centuries, the human skin has hugely been used as a culture identification and expression. People across the universe honor their culture through skin and body art language to communicate about their beliefs and values. This has attracted interest and much attention among anthropologists since the early 1900’s (Eriksen, 2001). The reason behind skin inscription highlights a central issue to anthropology and other related disciplines. This is because the skin decoration and ornamentation has expressed the boundary marks between different societies. It has further represented individual and societal experiences among people across the globe. Under ...

Assignment 2

1. It is true that there is a little variation in the genetic components of humankind as can be seen from the physical features. This can be confirmed from the fact that human beings have the same shape of eyes; similar body shapes accompanied with a similar skin color. Furthermore, human beings tend to have the same hair form. Actually, the fact that the human species can identify each other by just looking is evidence enough that there is not much variation in their genes.
2. Race was used to bring out human difference because it was felt that different ...

Breast cancer can be referred to as a cancer type that originates from breast tissue, mostly from the milk ducts’ inner lining or the lobules, which supply the ducts with milk (Sariego, 2010). Cancers arising from ducts are called ductal carcinomas, as those from lobules are called lobular carcinomas. Breast cancer affects humans, as well as other mammals. Breast cancer also affects in men.
Breast cancer occurs due to an environmental factor’s interaction with a host that is genetically susceptible. Normal cells undergo division as many times as required and stop. They get attached to other cells where they ...

B1.Nowadays the development of a culturing technique to populate scaffolds is the greatest challenge in the field of tissue engineering. In this work, it will be shown how the spinner flask dynamic cell cultures should be used to populate hydroxyapatite microcarriers (HA-MC) for bone tissue engineering [B1].

Introduction:

B3 In bone tissue engineering, the most widely used scaffold materials is Calcium phosphate ceramics (e.g., hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate), and that due to their special properties, they are osteoinductive and osteoconductive [1–4].
B2 So far a vast variety of shapes and sizes have been developed, and it’s proved that the ...

[First Last Name]

English [Number]

[Date Month Year]

Introduction
Originally, 3D printing technologies were designed for nonbiological materials, such as metals, ceramics and thermoplastic polymers (Murphy and Atala 6). However, recent advances have enabled 3D printing of biocompatible materials, cells, and supporting components into complex 3D functional living tissues, giving rise to a new technology referred to as ‘3D Bioprinting.’ However, unlike non-biological 3D printing, it involves important complexities, such as choice of materials, cell types, growth and differentiation factors, and technical challenges related to the sensitivities of living cells and the construction of tissues (Murphy and Atala 1). Overall, 3D ...

A wound can be described in several ways i.e. by its aetiology, anatomical location or whether it is acute or chronic. However, these definitions, serve a critical role in the assessment and proper management of the wounds. An actual account, its definition can be broken down into the skin’s protective functions: continuous epithelium loss with or without connective tissues being loosed. This is as a result of an injury caused to the skin by either surgery, blow, cut or even chemicals. A wound can also be said to be any type of an injury that causes harm to the skin. ...

Introduction.

Emphatically, in the laboratory there exist myriad activities. However, the activities are often coupled with myriad challenges that amount to fatality if not instantaneously handled. Categorically, while, in the laboratory, effective caution and care should get implemented to avoid possible damages. Lab accidents are often common in the laboratory. The cited accidents may regularly involve the injuries caused by broken glasses or even other laboratory appliances. Additionally, electrical safety and fire safety in the laboratory have always been accorded priority. In the laboratory, there exists emergency rooms as well as doors that individual would probably seek safety upon an ...

Abstract

Human XPA is a protein engaged in DNA damage recognition and repair. A mutation in the gene encoding the protein causes an autosomal recessive disorder, xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), which renders an individual sensitive to sunlight and causes skin cancer. XPA is a 273 amino acid protein, which is predominantly localized in the nucleus. It is expressed at both high and moderate levels in several tissues. The protein serves as a damage sensor in a nucleotide excision repair mechanism, through which the damage to a DNA strand is verified and repaired by formation of a newly synthesized strand. Besides this primary NER mechanism, XPA in conjunction ...

Immunity Regulation in Natural Killer (NK) Cells

Introduction
Research indicates that lung cancer forms a 24.5% of all the malignant tumors that can happen in the body of a human being. There have been efforts to find the treatment that would eliminate or reduce the spread of cancerous cells to no avail. The procedures that remain as viable options could include surgical resection, which only works to prolong the life of a victim of lung cancer. The natural killer cells can be an option in fighting the spread of cancerous cells. They are nonspecific killer cells, which denotes to their being able to fight all kinds of harmful ...

Abstract

Organ transplantation is an important life-saving procedure for those people, who have some problems in their organs. However, the problem of organ transplant rejection is an important issue in this case. In this problem, patient’s immune system starts rejecting the organ as a foreign body. This problem of rejection of the organ can be acute or become chronic. Several diagnostic procedures have also been developed to reduce the problem of rejection of an organ. Scientists have done a lot of research in this regard. Acute rejection needs immediate care. In order to reduce the problem, specialists will check the area ...

Introduction

Giraffe OmniBed is new medical technological device which brings together the features of a radiant warmer as well as an incubator. These top features are harmonized in a single device to make it a very effective medical device. The two features of a Giraffe OmniBed cater for traditional infant care products, and this makes the device pivotal in the medical industry. The device is manufactured and assembled in such a way as to minimize heat loss as much as possible. This also ensures thermal stability through its bi-directional characteristics. The design of this medical device helps the infant to get the optimal amount of ...

Fossils are used to refer to the traces or remnants of the past life. They are the remains of the animals, plants, organisms, or things that existed on the earth in the past. The activities of such beings can also be categorized as fossils. The term fossils means something which is obtained by the process of digging. Since fossils provide the remnants of the creatures that existed in the past, they are a good reflection of the life and life forms in the past, and much about the conditions and creatures of the past can be determined by examining the ...

Introduction

Cells are independent units of life. However, when a cell becomes part of an organism, it becomes part of a tissue and organ system. Cells in a tissue are joined to each other and to the extracellular matrix (ECM) by cell junctions. There are three kinds of cell junctions: Occluding junctions, anchoring junctions and communication junctions. Occluding junctions occur in the epithelium where the adjacent cells are so tightly sealed together that even small molecules cannot pass. Communicating junctions allow the exchange of chemical and electrical signals between cells. Anchoring junctions are the ones which attach a cell either to its neighbor or ...

Malignant melanoma is a skin disorder, which produces tumors of melanocytes or tumors of cells produced by melanocytes . The disease was uncommon in the past; however, in the recent years, the number of cases of malignant melanoma increased significantly, especially, the number of deaths due to malignant melanoma. The disease develops in radical and vertical phases. In the radical phase, the malignant cells develop in a radical manner within the epidermis, while in the vertical phase; the malignant cells intrude into the dermis cells. The lesions developed by malignant melanoma are thin, moderate or thick depending upon the depth of the ...

English

Introduction
Plastic and cosmetic surgery is a growing trend in the medical industry and widely influences the growth of medical tourism. The various procedures classified under plastic and cosmetic surgery encompasses the reshaping and altercation of appearance of the human body. The objective of cosmetic surgery is to change the aesthetical condition of the part of the body that does not look pleasing, but performs its intended function normally. However, plastic cosmetic surgery also has its risks and complications. The discussion will highlight the different forms of cosmetic and plastic own surgery along with the risks that come along ...

[Author]

Abstract

The present review is aimed at providing an understanding on how the workplace contributes to the development of skin cancer. Five reviews (3 epidemiological data reviews, 1 meta-analysis, and 1 article) obtained from PubMed, involving a total of at least 3479 mortality and morbidity in skin cancer. These studies agreed on the initiating role of the workplace in the development of skin cancers, both malignant mesothelioma (MM) and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), due to chronic exposure to carcinogens such as asbestos (Rushton, 2012; Boffetta, 2004; Romeo, 2004; ), mineral oils (Rushton, 2012), solar radiation (Rushton, 2012; Hannaford-Turner, Elder, Sim, Abramson, ...

I would like to start with my own explanation of what it means for me to be a part of a community in which people with different backgrounds, religious education, traditions and even languages exist near each other. I would like to mention that I have never faced direct racism towards me but I have seen several times how the race affected the attitude towards some of the people I met in my life. Moreover, I am a very lucky person and I met very positive people in general who were interested in our cultural differences but no one ever made any ...

Educational Affiliation

The Nike of Samothrace
Introduction
Standing tall in the staircase of the Louvre Museum, the Nike of Samothrace also known as the Winged Victory of Samothrace was a valuable piece of art that represented Greeks mastery in human anatomy. As quoted from the video made by Professors Steven Zucker and Beth Harris (2011) on Smart History, Zucker declared that: “So here is a culture that has studied and celebrated the body; and then is willing to use the body for tremendous expressive force.” The Nike of Samothrace was a marble statue sculpted by an unknown Greek artist in the 2nd ...

Introduction:

Gum diseases are one of the common diseases in oral cavity and periodontitis is one of them. But In order to understand the meaning of periodontitis we need to know, what the periodontal tissue is.

Periodontium is “the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and gum surrounding and supporting a tooth”.

What is periodontitis?
The inflammation of any of the mentioned tissues around the tooth is called periodontitis. So what can cause periodontitis? Basically any inflammation is caused by bacterial infections, but what are the specific etiological factors of periodontitis? In general periodontitis almost refers to bad hygiene of oral cavity or to say more exact, the accumulation of plaque around the teeth which ...

Body Dismorphia

Almost everyone is in some way are dissatisfied with certain aspects of his appearance. These characteristics may include a crooked smile, misshapen nose, eyes the wrong size or any other imperfections that are not significant. It can be a completely natural occurrence that does not have any adverse effects beyond altering what a person wears and makeup and they buy. Most of the population simply makes accommodations for these undesired characteristics. If someone feels she has short legs she may just wear high heels and an imperials waist to give the illusion of longer legs. A man with a weak chin may grow a ...

Over the last few years, technologies such as Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) have increasingly grown in potential as new tools in the plant sciences (1). In particular, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging using the power of high mass resolution time of flight (ToF) mass spectrometry can offer new information regarding the spatial distribution of specific molecules within biological tissues (2). Together with advances in other technologies such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), metabolites can be identified and quantified within specific cell types of plants and other organisms, and this can greatly expand fields ranging from proteomics and ...

Allergic Rhinitis refers to reaction to inhaled allergens (William and Wilkins, 2010). Most of the allergens include pollen grains, animal dander i.e. particles of shed hair and skin, dust, cigarettes smoke, feather pillows, fungal spores, molds, ragweed and other weeds that occur in autumn. They also include alder, birch, cottonwood, elm, maple, and oak that occurs in spring, and English plantain, grasses and sheep sorrel that occur in summer (William and Wilkins, 2010; Pamela Brooks, 2012). Allergic rhinitis affects individuals with sensitized immune system. It reacts by producing antibody immunoglobulin. Allergic rhinitis may be perennial or a seasonal issue. It ...

Abstract

The research paper deals with the problem of Merkel cell carcinoma, chief peculiarities, and the possibility of medical treatment. Disease signs and symptoms are highlighted in the opening and subsequent paragraphs of the paper. The pathophysiology, etiology, manifestations, possible complications, and disease treatment are the focal point of the research paper. The research is based on the opinions of the finest subject-field experts, such as professors, doctors, and scientists.
Keywords: Merkel cell carcinoma, medical treatment, disease, complication, cure
Merkel cell carcinoma is an aggressive skin cancer usually caused by polyomavirus. Scientists and doctors have not managed to ...

Abstract

Bones are formed through a process known as osteogenesis from three different lineages. This process takes place through two different methods, which are intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification. A large increment in bone mass takes place in childhood, as well as puberty, through the formation of endochondral bone. At this point, growth hormones are known to play a role. This paper will focus on the process of cartilage and bone formation and the stimulation of bone formation by the growth hormone. There are a number of factors that regulate the formation of bone, while growth hormone affects a number of factors related to ...

Proteus syndrome

Proteus syndrome
Today Proteus syndrome is considered a very rare genetic disease that is accompanied by an unnatural growth of bones, muscles and connective tissues. It is often accompanied by tumors of individual body parts. Unfortunately, diagnosis and treatment of such disease is very difficult and not always a possible process. Modern medicine knows only that Proteus syndrome is a hereditary disease and is associated with a mutation of genes. However, the mechanism of occurrence of such changes is not yet fully understood. This disease was first described in 1979. It was that time when Michael Cohen found about 200 cases of ...

Embryonic stem cell is a crucial factor in the developmental process of a multicellular organism. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived at early stages during development and eventually give rise to all type of tissues and organs in an animal. The ES cell lines have three properties consisting of self-renewal, primary chimera formation and pluripotency [1]. Pluripotency, a key feature of ESCs, refers to the capacity of a cell to differentiate into several different types of tissues [2]. An array of cellular factors play important role in maintaining pluripotency and determining cell fate in the developmental pathway. Negative effects on these factors may ...

Introduction

Bryophytes represent the oldest plants inhabiting the land, with some scientists putting its age to approximately 400 million years. Although a single plant is very small when viewed in isolation, their presence in forests is very conspicuous with some forests having a large mat cushioning trees trunks, rocks, and walls in the woodlands. Bryophytes comprise of three major taxonomic groups which are Bryophyta, Marchantiophyta, Anthocerotophyta. For this lab report, three species of Mosses, which is in the Bryophyta group and two species of Lichens will be used.
The behavior of mosses in relation to absorption of water and the antiseptic ...

Abstract

This paper describes and discusses the various types of human stem cells, including those in early-stage embryos (the blastocyst) and those present in adult tissue, explaining the practical uses of the various types in the medical field, where stem cells can be used to repair damaged tissue and organs. Although the adult stem cell types offer fewer possibilities for medical applications than the embryonic type, their use is less ethically controversial because it does not require destruction of a living albeit very early stage embryo. Research into stem cell applications is finding improved techniques. These include the treatment of acute ...

Embryonic stem cells have the tendency to divide for long duration and continue to have their capacity to make all cell types within the organism. Thus they are termed pluripotent stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are obtained from embryos which are particularly obtained from eggs that have been fertilized in vitro. The embryonic stem cells are recognized by two distinctive properties – their pluripotency and their ability to replicate indefinitely.
Cell culture is a procedure wherein the embryonic stem cells are grown inside the laboratory. The human embryonic stem cells are first separated by removing the inner cell mass into ...

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant cancer that originates from cancerous cells in the pancreas. It has been estimated that 90-95% of pancreatic cancers are adenocarcinomas that originate from the exocrine part of the pancreatic tissue. Adenocarcinomas (ductal pancreatic cancer) are tumors that exhibit glandular architecture when observed under a light microscope. Pancreatic carcinoma accounts for fourth highest occurrence of cancer related deaths in the United States. The prognosis for the various stages of pancreatic cancer is poor with an estimated 25% survival rate for a person diagnosed with stage 1, while only 5-6% survival rate estimated for a stage 5 diagnosis according ...

Skin bleaching is an attempt to make skin fairer by using some chemical stuff that reduces the effect of melanin and lighten the skin. Skin bleaching has another aspect that is related to psychology of people. Women use skin bleaching in order to look beautiful and also it enhances their confidence. This paper intends to discuss skin bleaching and also discusses why dark skin girls feel less confident than light skin girls along with discussing several other related aspects of the subject.
Trend of skin bleaching is on the increase and the mindset of colonial subjugation is one ...

The human immune system is a proverbial double-edge sword. On one had humans depend on the immune system, and on the other hand there are diseases as a result of its improper function. These diseases due to its disorder in its function can range from immunodeficiency states to hypersensitivity . Put in simple terms, the disorders range from doing too little to an overreaction of the system. There disorders will be considered under the following heading: immune mechanism of tissue injury, autoimmune diseases, and immunodeficiency diseases. Before we go into the details of the diseases, we would like to describe what the ...

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, stem cell is an undifferentiated cell that can generate other cells which makes up specialized organs and tissues in living organisms. Stem cells are of two major types namely; adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are found inside an embryo that is in its earliest developmental stage i.e. blastocyst, these stem cells eventually give rise to the adult organisms. The adult cells helps in the regeneration of worn out tissues and are located in some of the tissues in the body of living things e.g. the intestine lining, the skin’ ...

1) A we know the image that we can see using ultrasound imaging systems is created by the reflection of the high frequency waves or echoes from the organs. Different organs have different velocities, so the reflection of the waves from these organs will be different, also the time between emission of the pulse and receiving the echo determines the distance between the organ which produced the echo and the transducer. Based on these datas the image is formed. As the velocity of the soft tissues and their place is different, different images will be created.
2) a: ...

Acknowledgements

The successful development and compilation of this paper took the involvement of many parties. I highly thank every person who gave his/her support during the development of this paper, especially my family for the advice and moral support. Their individual or combined support really went a long way in ensuring my success in the work. The study would have been impossible without their inputs.

Origins of vine and grape

Approximately 24,000 varieties of vine have been identified, and only 150 are widely used with only 9 being considered for the production of classical wines . Vines belong to the class vitis in the family of ...

People can process information in a superficial or systematic way. Most advertisements aim to persuade the consumer to buy products by targeting the superficial processing function through heuristic cues (Smith & Mackie, 2007). However, the most effective advertisements are undoubtedly direct response ads (Agee & Martin, 2001). While those ads can potentially work best on impulsive buyers because of their use of heuristic cues, Agee and Martin (2001) point out that a majority of consumers are planned buyers, which means they logically consider the reasons for buying products that are given in the ad. That is why direct response ads target both superficial ...

Bone cancer is the malignant tumor, or in other words, an abnormal growth of the bone that destroys the normal bony tissue. An abnormal growth is termed as cancer, when cells in that part of the body start to grow out of control.
- Classification
Bone cancers are currently classified according to the line of differentiation of cancerous cells and their resemblance to normal cells. Cancer can begin in any type of bone tissue. The two parts of the bone are the hard tissue, termed osteoid; and the flexible tissue, termed cartilage. Accordingly, bone cancer can arise ...

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that is lethal and caused by different strains of mycobacteria, often the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The disease attacks the lungs in most cases but can similarly affect other body parts. Transmission is through the air when infected people with an active TB sneeze, cough, or transmit respiratory fluids through the air. Most of the new infections are usually latent and asymptomatic that sometimes progresses to become active especially when left untreated. Infection depends on individual immune systems. Symptoms for the disease include unexplained weight loss, shortness of breath, night sweats, fatigue, loss of appetite, coughing ...

Discuss polymers and its application to medicine

Discuss polymers and its application to medicine.
The global population is rapidly increasing thus there is an increase in health care demand to the ill and those ageing. Technological development in the field of medicine using polymers has advanced with creation of new treatment drugs and improved diagnosis. Polymers are composed of large self repeated molecules known as monomers (Förster, Leonhardi, Zöllner, & Zahn, 1975). Being synthetic and natural, the paper shall discuss the polymers and their applications in the field of medicine.
Polymers that get degraded in biological environment such as soil, river and the ...

Introduction

Crohn disease is a chronic idiopathic condition in which there is inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract at any segment from the mouth to the anus (Ghazi et al, 2013).

Eponym

Crohn's disease has several alternative eponyms including Crohn's colitis, Crohn-Lesniowsky disease, Crohn-Lesniowsky syndrome, Enteritis regionalis Crohn and Morbus Crohn (Whonamedit 2013). some clinicians; Burrill Bernard Crohn, Gordon Oppenheimer and Leon Gizburg presented a group of clinical cases at a conference of the American Medical Association in 1932 and subsequently, the disease was attributed to these authors. It was also said that although Burrill Crohn was the least experienced of the three clinicians, his ...

People who choose not to eat meat adopt a vegetarian diet for a variety of reasons. Some people do it for ethical reasons, believing that is unmoral to eat animals. Others do it for health reasons, since there has been a growing mass of evidence that a vegetarian lifestyle is good for a person’s health. The health benefits vary, and not all experts agree upon the interpretations of studies. One advantage though to a vegetarian diet, is that it is better for the skin than eating a traditional diet of meat and processed junk food.
More and more, dieticians are encouraging people to eat ...

Concerns about the devastating effects of cancer prompted the concerted efforts, from individuals, organizations and nations, to carry out intensive research on the disease. Cancer is a disease that is characterized by uncontrollable cell growth. There exist over 100 various types of cancer, each of, which is defined according to the type of cells that are originally infected. Cancer is mainly exhibited by formation of tumors, except in the case of leukemia. The tumors, which are results of the uncontrollable cell division, hamper the normal working of the various body processes, and hence, end up harming the body.
Research ...

Social class is a paradigm that forms stereotypes in many people and often hinders substantial insights and cooperation (Gilbert, 1998). There are variances like appearances, which hinder the correct adherence to the correct judgments. There are certain appearances and traits that are physical and deceiving to the society. As an analyst, there are several means of detecting these appearance stereotypes. From the general appearance, one may decide to evaluate a person based on the skin tan, and dress code. For instance, a slightly tanned skin may depict a personality of higher social class that the one with a pale skin tan. These and other ...

Psoriasis is a disease that is part of the broader group of disorders known as papulo-squamous disorders. It is one of the most common dermatological conditions in the world. According to the National Psoriasis Foundation its prevalence is nearly 2.2% of the American population, and 2-3% of the worldwide population. It is clinically characterized by papules that are sharply demarcated from the normal skin and plaques, both covered by scaling skin (Harrison’s, 2008). In the past, the studies on psoriasis focused on the hyper- proliferation of the skin cells; but recently, the focus has changed to study the defects ...

Osteoporosis refers to a disease that is characterized by reduced bone mass as well as bone tissue deterioration. The disease results in an increase in the fragility of the bone and increases the chances of bone fracture. The bones that are at risk of breaking include bones of the spine, hips, shoulders and wrist. Osteoporosis is commonly referred to as a silent thief since the loss of bone mass occurs with no symptoms appearing. Incidents of fractures resulting from osteoporosis occur more often than a combination of stroke, heart attack and breast cancer. The disease is also the most common bone disease ( ...

Basically, Standard precautions are termed as the set of prevention practices taken, which intends to reduce or stop transmission of diseases that are infectious to people. Precautions are applied to persons every time there is an outbreak to ensure transmissions do not occur evenly. This is because; in most cases it is difficult to identify who is infected with the disease (Bunin 2010).
The most popular precautions include the use of surgical mask for respiratory hygiene purposes; this is mostly done in hospitals when a health worker is attending a patient. Covering the mouth when sneezing or coughing is also ...

Abstract:

Strokes are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the developed world. Key to prevention and control of strokes is a thorough understanding of their etiology and the pathophysiologic processes that occur. A review of the literature regarding cerebrovascular disease was undertaken to more fully understand the changes that lead to strokes. The causes are manifold and there are many risk factors that may lead to pathology causing a stroke.
The third leading cause of death in the United States is stroke, it is also the cause of significant neurologic disorders and morbidity. A pathological process involving the blood vessels ...

Riboflavin also known as vitamin B2 is just one among the eight B vitamins. It is a water soluble vitamin that is responsible for the maintenance of good health for not only humans but animals too. Among its major functions are supporting the function of adrenal in the body and maintain a very good and healthy nervous system (Agarwal 2006). During the growth period of individuals, from childhood till maturity, vitamin B2 plays a very crucial role in the growth and development of the body. In order to avoid stunted growth, it is imperative that children feed well on foods that provide ...

MRI is an imaging system that is applied in radiology in visualizing the interior composition of the human anatomy in fine details. The MRI process in medical practice uses the properties of magnetic resonance in creating images of the nuclei of the body cells and as a result it creates a detailed image of the body structure as compared to the X-rays. The MRI technique has had a rapid development within the field of medicine since the introduction of the early MRI equipment in medical care at the start of the 1980s. Consequently, by the year 2002, it is estimated that more ...

The respiratory system of humans comprises of a complex set of tissues and organs, which gets oxygen from the surrounding and carry it to the lungs. The basic role of the respiratory system is to provide the blood with oxygen so that the blood can convey oxygen to every body part. The respiratory system achieves this through inhalation and exhalation. When one breathes, oxygen is inhaled while carbon dioxide is exhaled. This gaseous exchange is the means of the respiratory system to get oxygen to the blood. The tissues and organs, which constitute the respiratory system of humans, are the ...

A condition affecting the system of veins in legs with venous hypertension resulting in different pathologies that involve swelling, ulcerations, pain, skin changes, and edema is called chronic venous insufficiency (Eberhardt and Raffetto, 2005).
It is necessary to understand normal venous function and anatomy to analyze the venous insufficiencies pathology. The peripheral venous system serves as a conduit returns blood into the heart and as a reservoir where blood is stored. Appropriate operation of the peripheral venous system is dependent on a series of muscle pumps and valves (Eberhardt and Raffetto, 2005). Blood entering the venous system of lower extremities has ...

The adult stem cells refer to the undifferentiated cells that are found all through the body after the body has undergone development (Jurukovski, 2012). The adult stem cells multiply through division in order to replenish the cells that are dying as well as regenerating the tissues that have been damaged. These cells are also referred to as somatic stem cells and are found in juvenile and adult animals as well as human bodies. The ability of the adult stem cells to divide or have an indefinite self–renewal has gathers great interest in science. The cells have been suggested ...

What are common injuries in soccer?

Soccer injuries are generally classified into two categories – cumulative (overuse) and acute (traumatic) injuries. Acute injuries refer to those that occur due to a sudden impact or force on the muscle, joint or soft tissues (Benjamin & Scott 2005). However, cumulative injuries occur over time due to stress on the body joints, muscles and the soft tissues without sufficient time to heal. Some of the common soccer injuries include ankle sprains, Achilles tendonitis, concussion, hamstring pull, strain or tear and iliotibial band syndrome. Others include muscle cramps, blisters, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), sprains and strains, patellofemoral pain syndrome, plantar fasciitis, pulled ...

The technique of low coherence reflectometry has been extended to tomographic imaging in the systems of the biological. The light from the coherence property which is reflected from the retina provides the required information from the reflective boundaries of the delay on the time-of-flight. This delayed information helps in determining the longitudinal site location of the reflection. This is achieved by the use of OCT system’s scans providing the location of the reflected site map in a two-dimension. It uses a mode that operates in the analogous which is then converted to ultrasonic pulse-echo imaging .
The resolution of the ...