Water Research Papers Samples For Students

Kenneth Goldsmith brings out his controversial idea on writing in his ‘Revenge of the Text,’ and he analyses the concept of paratextual and the technological advancement in writing has taken the different forms like typography, design, cover page etc. that can grasp the attention and appreciation of the present readers. On the contrary, Flusser in his ‘Future of Writing’ questions about the future of writing if written text has been transformed by the digital expression, as he strongly feels there is no future for writing. The preponderance of the technologies over the matter of writing is ...

Introduction

Air pollution in Britain can be dated as far back as the 12 century. According to history, the root of air pollution in this era was the continuous use of coal as a means of fire for cooking or heating by the early people. Because of the over use of domestic fire, smoke mixed with other pollutants caused major pollution on a local level which then after a period became more than a local problem but instead a national problem. As Great Britain grew, and urban setting started cropping up so did air pollution. Most urban settings at the time still used firewood as ...

Jules Verne is arguably one of the most prescient science-fiction authors in history – his works are remembered for their vast imagination and endlessly prescient views into the future of science and the exciting nature of their adventures. One of his most well known works, 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, is on its surface a fantastical tale of a group of men who stumble upon the secret submarine Nautilus, commanded by the enigmatic Captain Nemo. However, closer examination of the novel itself reveals Verne’s penchant for social commentary and intricate political subtext, as 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea becomes a ...

Heated hose pipes are the pipes that offer constant water supply in freezing temperatures. Mostly, they are built and designed to fit personal equipment, structure and requirements. Mainly, they are made up of thermostat switches. As temperature approaches freezing zones, the heat from the heaters keeps the water flowing if need arises. Mainly, the heating element used is copper wire. It’s mainly inside the hose pipeline. It mainly regulates the water flow by turning on and off the heater. The element is usually 50 feet long as it runs with the hose pipe. The length and diameter plays ...

Abstract

The seawater forms 97% of water of the world, and the icecaps account for 2%. The portion of water available for human consumption is barely 0.5% and that also in aquifers. The widening gap between availability and requirement of potable water especially in the Gulf countries has necessitated newer methods and technologies for production of water suitable for human consumption. This situation in the Gulf region has developed due to non- availability of surface water, high growth of population and urbanization, and water depletion. The present paper takes account of the desalinization of seawater plant established in Abu Dhabi ...

Anderson Air Force Base – Guam is a military port based in the United States of America located approximately 4 miles northeast of Yigo. Along with the Naval Base of Guam, they were placed under the Joint Region Marianas on the late 2009 that was in October. Anderson Air Force Base was established in 1944 as North Field and was a posthumous recognition in the name of the late of Brigadier General James Roy Andersen (Mulligan and Gibbs 2005). This base was built to serve as a bomber forward operating locations of the United States Air Force, which provides back-up support to the ...

Introduction

Water pollution is a term that refers to the contamination of water in water bodies. These water bodies include the oceans, lakes, rivers, aquifers, and groundwater. Ideally, water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged in a direct or indirect way into the water bodies without appropriate measures of treatment to eradicate them (Goel 14). Some of these pollutants are categorized as chemicals, as well as, other foreign substances that are deemed to be detrimental to the general plant, animal and human health. Precisely, some of these substances include fertilizers, pesticides that are evolved from the runoffs in the agricultural field and ...

(Candidate’s Full Name)

Effects of Hookah Smoking
A hookah is a water pipe used to smoke (usually) flavored tobacco which is specifically made for this purpose. It has various names in various languages, such as water pipe, narghile, argileh, shisha, hubble-bubble, goza and etc. The origin of the device dates back to the 16th century in Persia. Today, hookah bars and cafes are gaining popularity around the world, including Britain, France, Middle East, Russia and the United States. Hookah smoking has now become a trend and Hookah itself has been classified as a socially-acceptable drug, with countries all over the ...

Today, one of the global issues people face to is different types of pollution. With human development, pollution is becoming worse, and as a result, other issues appear. Among them are global warming, new diseases, deforestation and many others. But, it was not like this all the time, as at the beginning the level of pollution was not so high. Otherwise, it would have been an apocalypse already. That was the industry development that caused global pollution.
Even in the late 13th century, people knew about air pollution. For instance, King of England Edward I punished every Londoner, who ...

The renowned Steel Bridge is a double deck structure that has a vertical-lift and is also known as through-truss. It goes across the Willamette River in the city of Portland in the United States and was opened in 1912, so it recently celebrated its 100th anniversary. The bridge has the dual function of carrying rail and bicycle traffic on its lower deck whilst the upper deck is dedicated to road traffic. This innovative arrangement makes the bridge extremely innovative and the fact that it has an independent lift continues to emphasise its prominence as the second oldest vertical lift bridge in ...

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Abstract
Luxor Temple in Egypt rose into prominence as the abode of various royal Egyptian dynasties. The kings honored the so-called god Amon. It became the main city of the kingdom. The Temple was managed by high military priests.
This research report summarizes the key events and historical background of Luxor Temple. It also sheds light on the building, the civilization and the culture prevalent in that period as well as the built environment. Moreover, it gives a comparison with the modern city of Luxor.

Luxor Temple in Egypt: An Introduction

The Luxor Temple was ...

General description

Mali as a country started its fight against independence in the 1930s. Political opposition did not initially emanate from political parties rather they came from individual that had organized themselves into a number of voluntary organizations (Velton 13). These voluntary organizations compromised of cultural and sporting associations where most educated individual would meet under the French approval. Political parties were formed in the 1940s where the struggle for independence from the French continued. In June 20, 1960, Mali gained its independence from France.
Mali covers an area of 478, 640 square miles. It has a population of about 11, 626,219 ...

History

Red mountain spa sits near the Canyon Snow State Park. Red Mountain Resort construction took place in the 1930s, to encourage snow sports a ski jump was put up around 1934, and then years later a rope –tow that powered by gas was put in the site. A ski club later was formed in 1947; the ski club replaced the rope tow with a chairlift. The ski club was able to host the world cup race 1968.The ski club managed the red mountain until it was privately owned. The red mountain placement by new ownership took place in 2004. The master plan ...

Abstract

The Lake Moeris Quarry Road built while the Old Kingdom of Egypt between 26th and 22nd centuries B.C. is the oldest paved road of the world and is testimony to the excellent sense of planning and execution of the ancient Egyptians of that period. The 8-miles of the main road was built by placing large stone blocks that were kept on the desert sand and to facilitate passage of sledges filled with blocks of Basalt to the quay of Lake Moeris, and then on to River Nile. Those Basalt blocks were shipped downstream of Nile to construction sites in ...

Introduction

Transport can be described as the movement of goods from one place to the other. Transportation modes are the means through which transport is done. There are various transportation modes such as roads, railway, water and air. These transportation modes vary in terms of cost, capacity and convenience. Transportation modes are supported by various infrastructures without which such modes cannot be helpful. For instance, the road transport relies on the conditions of the roads and the road network in the area. This means that, for a transportation mode to be effective, there is a need to incur capital expenditure. This means ...

Abstract

The present paper examined water quality and contamination. The three experiments were conducted to find the effects of different pollutants on groundwater, processes of water treatment, and quality of bottled water. The contamination of groundwater was observed to evaluate the result of vitiating environment that has to be protected to ensure a safe future for the progeny. Water treatment processes have to be effective as well as economical, so that people in general worldwide can be benefitted. Treatment method like filtration has researched out for the benefit of people at large. Bottled water was analyzed considering safe for drinking. The ...

Introduction

Charles Bridge of Prague in Czech Republic and the Golden Gate Bridge in United States are two of the most renowned bridges of the world. Both of these bridges exhibit few similarities and few differences in its physical form, location, types of users, frequency and purpose of use, and materials. This paper will elucidates and compare these similarities and differences. Not only these bridges have a sheer economic significance but they have great cultural impact, as well. Both were made for the same notion of connecting communities (Brook & Cornish, 1992). Charles Bridge was made a century ago, while Golden Gate Bridge, ...

The Navajo Nation is a semi-autonomous nation controlled by the United States of America’s government. It is located on the northeastern portion of Arizona, southeastern part of Utah, and northwestern part of New Mexico. Among all the Native American nations under the jurisdiction of the United States, the Navajo nation has one of the largest, if not the largest, land mass. One of the highlights in this native American tribal nation is the presence of public lands that possess natural sights such as the Ship rock that offers a spectacular view of a ship-shaped rock located in San Juan country, New ...

The governments play a very crucial role in planning and investing in urban infrastructure. The urban infrastructure development is a form of measure on how the government is committed. In many cases, the decision of infrastructure development is divided on the different government organs. The government has a role to provide funds in order meet the entire requirement in the budget. Most of the urban infrastructure development is done by the local government. They are the one responsible for the planning, renewal and repairs.
The local government levee charges from the public to provide the required services in the cities. They ...

Global scenario and California

Global scenario and California
Water is a precious nonrenewable resource. It is limited in quantity and serves the entire humanity, and all living beings on earth. A man can survive without water for only three days. Many problems on earth are attributed to increasing population and water scarcity is one of them. The exponential growth of the human population not only endangers other living things on earth but also deprives them of essential requirements like clean water, clean air, and a safe habitat to live. Water as a resource is under threat because it is contaminated, misused, wasted, and lost in ...

(I) Introduction
A. Motivation of writing a paper on Roman aqueduct and sewage system.

B. Organizational overview of paper

C. Thesis Statement
(II) Why Sewage and Aqueduct System was required
- Why Sewage system was required.
- Why Aqueduct System was required.
(III) Sewage and Aqueduct Construction
- How Roman sewage system was built.
- How Roman aqueduct System was built.
(IV) Engineer Aspects of the System
- Water level segregation and Filtration System.
- Water Transport System.
- Water Arches and Underground water system.
- Central Sewage System
(V) Possible problems
...

Water is a precious resource. A man may survive not more than three days without water. All living beings, vegetation, and humans thrive in places where there is abundance of water. Until recently, people assumed that water had been an unending resource. In the present time water shortages, frequent droughts, global climatic changes forcing irregular seasons and rains are forcing us to reconsider our misnomers about water. In developing nations, the daily water requirement of the poor are not met while in developed nations water shortages are hindering industrial activities and farmlands. This paper tries to look at the water ...

Pasteurization is a process that involves heating of raw milk to a certain temperature within a given set of time. This process kills harmful bacteria found in unpasteurized milk, for example, Salmonella, Listeria and E coli responsible for food borne illnesses. These bacterial organisms are responsible for human diseases such as Typhoid, diphtheria, Listeriosis and tuberculosis. The process was first initiated by Louis Pasteur in the year 1864. Pasteurized milk can stay for a certain period without refrigeration. However, refrigeration especially after opening the seal, is still necessary because of some nonpathogenic bacteria that because food spoilage and is non-receptive for heating.
...

This paper entails that water has an extraordinarily large precise heat and large heats of fusion and vaporization. This is the reason as to why the weather and ecosystem depend upon water in all three states, i.e. gas, liquid and solid form. In addition, it shows the reason as to how the world would be like if water thermodynamic properties were like other materials. This will enable us to be aware of the significance of water thermodynamic properties in the world as a whole. It is an approach that will enable us be aware of how the world would be ...

Pollution results to over 100,000 deaths. This is according to research from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Research from the institute’s laboratory conducting studies in the environment and aviation bases its findings that most emissions emanate from road transportation. It also emerges that road transportation is the single cause of pollution, and also results to premature death. In Baltimore for instance, Maryland is the city with highest deaths due to pollution, with over 100,000 deaths linked to air pollution as a result of industrial smoke. Pollution from transport sources is high. This is because most drivers ...

Impact of climatic change on the Great Barrier Reef

Climatic changes refer to lasting and significant changes in the weather patterns characterized by statistical distribution over a period spanning decades or hundred thousands of years. These changes may encompass extreme weather conditions and may happen due to variations in solar radiation reaching earth, biotic processes, volcanic eruptions, melting of the polar caps and plate tectonics. Certain activities undertaken by humans have also been recognized as contributing to negative climatic changes such as global warming. This climate change has threatened earth's ecosystems. The recent harsh change in the climate such as an increase in temperature takes a great toll on the ...

Providing access to clean water is the major priority for UNICEF. The UNICEF Tap Project is currently a unique international campaign, which provides access to clean water and sanitation to children nationwide. Its work is very efficient: merely with $5, UNICEF is able to provide 200-day water for a single child. Thanks to UNICEF, since 1990 more than 2.1 billion now have access to clean water.
In 2007 only the ad campaign of tap project was carried out in New York State. The campaign gave incentives to diners of more than 300 restaurants to donate $1. The dollar was donated ...

Study Program

The target destination chosen is Hawaii. It is ranked as one of the top ten tourist destinations in United States hence the need to investigate how this island is marketed. Hawaiian Islands can be divided into six islands namely Hawaii, Maui, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, and Kauai. This content analysis sought to investigate how people, animals, land, and sea are used to describe Hawaii as a tourist destination. After reading about the island, a single website was chosen to provide different forms of advertising describing the different parts of Hawaii. The marketing material (pictures and text) used by Go Hawaii website was ...

Analysis of “Riders to the Sea”

The poetic drama Riders to the Sea, written by John Synge, is a wonderfully lyrical and haunting drama about an Irish family and the relationship it has to the sea. Maurya, the matriarch of the family, loses the vast majority of her family to the sea, leaving her clinging to whatever hopes might be available to her that any of her family might still be alive. By making this play so poetic in tone, the presentationalism of Riders to the Sea draws the reader into the plight of the characters. Sunge’s low-key requiem shows the hardship of the Irish ...

Diarrhea in Orissa, India

Introduction
India is one of the countries with the largest area in the world. it is also the second-most populous country after China with a population of about 1.23 billion people. The poverty standards in India have remained very high with a number of regions living in slum areas. Orissa, India, is one of the densely populated slums in India, which has a high number of their population living on less than one dollar every day. Research indicates that most of the people prone to air and water borne diseases such as cholera and diarrhea live in poor conditions and use ...

The Romans aqueducts play an important role when it comes to the field of architecture-in Romans society. They are considered as the most public structures without the pretence of good-looking entablatures or columns to have ever existed in the Romans society. Romans aqueducts depict a highly complicated piece of Romans engineering. It describes a range of Romans hydraulic hi-tech skills to deliver a modest amount of water to the reservoirs supplying the baths. The Romans aqueducts are divided into three groups and the groups are mostly determined by the type of materials used in constructing them (Chanson, 2000).
The most primitive ...

Soils are an effective medium of treatment for septic system effluent because they contain complex biological communities. A tablespoon of soil may contain over a million of microscopic organisms including protozoa, molds, fungi, bacteria and other creatures. The microorganisms and bacteria in the soil purify the water before it reaches the underground water. The septic effluent must pass through the soil gradually enough to provide adequate contact with microorganisms. One of the major components in wastewater effluent is nitrogen which exists in different forms. These forms include nitrates (NO3), ammonia (NH3), and nitrites (NO2). Nitrates are essential plant nutrients, but ...

It is interesting to note the presumed reason these people are suffering such a high level of diabetes is because they were forced into unhealthy lifestyle changes when the water they needed was diverted. The narrator observed, “For the Tohono O’odham and many others across the globe, land, culture and work vanished in the last century.” . Earlier in the film, Henrietta Lopez states clearly, “water is our life.” Yet, no one ever discusses the simple and just solution of restoring the flow of water so these people could return to their healthy lifestyle.
Research on diabetes frequently focuses ...

Organization

Introduction
In America, one of the most important matter of national concern is clean water. Almost half the Americans believe that clean water is one the fundamental rights of every citizen. Thousands of Americans take part in the local and state water protection group. The Clean Water Act or the Federal Water Pollution Control Act is the principal law that governs the pollution of the surface water of United States of America. The act was originally enacted in 1948 but it underwent certain amendments in 1972 to come to its present form. The 1972 act laid out ambitious ...

Introduction

Ever since man discovered that wood could float in water, he has endeavored to build sophisticated vessels that would make sea travel as safe as possible. However, numerous centuries of innovation have not produced an entirely fool proof vessel. A total conquest of the sea is far from near. It is noteworthy to note in the same breath that sea transport is getting safer and faster, when contrasted against the situation within the last few decades (Abulafia). The pursuit for continual improvement in maritime transport has been sustained by the unending pace of globalization. While there has been a tremendous ...

Evil is a threat to human reason as it challenges the perception that the world makes sense. For instance, the Lisbon earthquake which occurred in the eighteenth century was manifest evil. In a study of religion and culture, Suzuki views evil as a matter concerning human cruelty and Maude Barlow as an extreme incarnation. Whether expressed in secular or theological terms, evil denotes a challenge about the world's intelligibility and it confronts religion with fundamental questions.
Scholars of modern philosophy argue that a demon, which is no less powerful than God, subject humanity to different crisis or terror and controls reality of life. ...

Summary of article one The first article titled “An Overview of the Pituitary Gland: The Endocrine System's Master Gland’’ begins by restating the role pituitary gland. According to this article pituitary gland produces hormones which have effects on the various parts of the endocrine system. These include adrenal glands, thyroid glands, ovaries and testes. The author goes on to state that pituitary, which measures about one third of an inch is located at the base of the brain next to another important part of the brain called the hypothalamus. Both hypothalamus and pituitary gland functions overlap according to Reham. ...

1. Introduction
The electrical energy is generated to bring some development to the world. The electrical energy lights the world during night time. People can do their work even during night time without any disturbance because the electrical energy replaces the sun during night time. The energy is neither be created nor be destroyed. The electrical energy is generated by converting other form of energy. Generally mechanical energy is converted in to electrical energy. The electrical energy is generated by different methods; say hydro thermal energy generation, diesel power generation, gas power generation, and nuclear power generation. The ...

Landfill mining and excavation is a process involving processing and excavation of previously landfilled solid wastes. Processing involves a cycle of mechanical processing operations that are premeditated to recover recyclable materials, landfill space, soil and a combustible fraction. Equipment used in landfill mining and excavation are screens, excavators, and conveyors. Therefore, landfill mining uses conventional soil excavating and processing techniques. The process used by landfill has six phases; excavate and separate landfill material into the soil, combustible and residual materials, recyclables, remove and disposal of wastes, remediate soil, refill to bring the intended site to reline or grade, and monitor after completion ...

Introduction

This project is concerned with the study of the Mariana trench, the deepest part of the oceans discovered yet. The papers considered in this review provide crucial information that helps in understanding the trench. From the forces that create the trench, to the physical conditions present in the trench, this review seeks to put bare as much information on the subject as its scope allows.

Bodine, J. H., & Watts, A. B. (1979). On lithospheric flexure seaward of the Bonin and Mariana trenches. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(79)90162-6

Tectonic activity and the history of the Mariana trench

D. Hussong, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii, ...

Community environmental issues have long been caused by larger organizations taking advantage of communities, often small and downtrodden communities; however, today, many of those communities are fighting back against the larger corporations that are causing environmental havoc within their borders.
In the Koch Brothers EXPOSED documentary, the people of Crosset, Arkansas suggest that there is something causing cancer in their community. “It’s a crime,” the preacher of the community says, shaking his head; these people, he suggests, are ill and dying far before their time because the Koch brothers and their associated conglomerates are polluting the water in ...

Reefs and shorelines are some of the most instrumental features of natural water bodies. Consequently, they should be preserved and kept clean. Keeping shorelines clean helps preserve the water quality and keep the water in the water bodies clean. The vegetation found in the shorelines filters surface runoff before the runoff can reach the water. Consequently, pollutants such as pesticides, manure, fertilizers, motor fluids and sediments, that may be present in the runoff, are prevented from entering the water. These pollutants can affect the aquatic animals and the water ecosystem in many ways. For instance, deposition of a large amount ...

The colonization of Mars is one of the many projects scientists and researchers are developing in space exploration. Many highly advanced technologies are needed in order to co-habit the red planet. It is debatable on whether the existing technologies are enough to facilitate the colonization of Mars; however, more technologies are likely necessary to guarantee the survival of humans and life on Mars. The major question being asked is: how technologically feasible is the colonization of Mars? This essay will go into detail and answer that question.
A project named, Mars One, is on a mission to colonize Mars. ...

[Class Title]

Introduction
Despite the call for increased environmental awareness, most people remain unaffected by environmental concerns. Although it is an accepted fact that the environment is everyone’s concern, most individuals and organizations take their social responsibility to nature for granted. Most environmental programs are not taken seriously. For instance, most people knew that throwing litter could adversely affect the environment yet evidence show that this awareness is of no effect or is taken for granted. Cigarette butts, for example, still constitute the largest percentage of street litter, which according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is ...

Being a basketball player, Harvey requires a diet that will help him to sustain his bodily functions and at the same time provide him with energy that he needs for his daily workout program. Adhering to a diet that takes into account all these factors will serve to ensure that he is able to increase his agility, endurance and stability for running. This plan will ensure that it keeps Harvey fueled through the next two days during which he will be working out.

Day 1

Breakfast
- 1 oatmeal plate
- 1 cup calcium fortified orange juice
- 1 tbsp. butter
...

Abstract

The fugacity is a term that has Latin origins, referring to pace and speed. Early work somewhere in the 20th century, on fugacity, demonstrated that chemical equilibrium is established by the free energies of reacting material. Since then, various approaches and concepts on fugacity have been provided. The gas fugacity of noble gasses has been studied, and models have been proposed for calculating the solubility of noble gasses. The development of various models has considered pressure effects, differential equilibrium between components and temperature changes.
The paper discusses the evolution of various multimedia fugacity models and the fugacity of pure ...

Introduction

In 1975, two planetary exploration missions named Vikings 1 and 2 were launched to study the surface and atmosphere of Mars. These two missions were launched with only a few weeks apart from each other; the first on August 20, 1975 while the second on September 9 of the same year. Both of the missions had two parts: a lander and an orbiter. The plan of the missions was that as the orbiter orbits around Mars taking pictures and other data, the lander studies the Martian surface from the ground. With the program’s total budget of a staggering 1 billion dollars, ...

Abstract

The Altar basin found in the north western Sonora of Mexico, is a known subsidiary basin forming the present inactive part of the Colorado River delta. The sedimentary records of this basin show how the delta upgraded over a late Miocene. A structurally distinct aquatic basin at the northern end of the Gulf of California is found. Our interpretation of outcrop data, and information from exploratory wells, as well as analog seismic lines of Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), and magnetic and gravity explorations from various sources pointed to the existence of three sedimentary sequences, which can be related at regional scale ...

English 90/101

Dr. J. Lucas

Navy Sonar Testing Vs. Marine Life

Sonar is an artificial form of echolocation, which involves the use of sound navigation and ranging techniques for the propagation of sound underwater. This technology is used for navigating, communicating or detecting objects that are under or above the water surface. Specialized sea creatures such as whales and dolphins have the ability to use sound reflected from waves for sensing and locating distant objects or prey, this is called echolocation. Bats also use the same technique to navigate in the dark. Humans also use echolocation through sonar technology in ships and submarines to avoid icebergs, locate ...

Paddle surfing is my favorite hobby. Before enrolling in nursing school, I used to go paddle surfing in the sea at least once or twice in the summer. At the sea, I used to see a particular sea lion, which popped its head and faced in my direction. I saw the animal so often that I named it Taki, a Japanese word that describes a plunging waterfall. One day I went out to the sea and saw the sea lion twisting in a weird way. I paddled over and freaked out when I saw a red marine rope made of hemp wrapped around its ...

- Harry and Reasons for escapes.
- Types of magic tricks and escapes.
Harry Houdini performed magic tricks in which he escaped from bondage by different objects. It included chains and handcuffs through which he would be tied first before he could manage to get off the chains and escape. He also performed magic tricks in which he was buried, but still managed to get him out of the coffins and the soil hence cheating death. His escapes were from different objects that were tied around his body or in the hands and legs only (Phillips).
...

Going green simply means the idea of implementing various ways in our daily life that contribute to the protection of our surrounding and entails several aspects from newspaper recycling to living a lifestyle that is fully green. The green movement of the present day has been underway for many years, and it has become more popular because of the population growth effect whose evident result is global warming and increased scientific research ability. With the new equipment and technologies, scenarios that affect our surrounding can be measured and evaluated by research and our lives will be affected. Sometimes research reports ...

Introduction

Global warming has been a very common issue to a lot of people. It had become the topic of every conference, seminars and meeting around the world. It is clear to a lot of people that global warming is no longer a prediction, because scientific studies and evidence continues to arise that the earth’s climate is changing at a very fast pace. Even though the evidence is clear, there is no certainty in every single detail of the evidence because of the nature of science. Global warming has caused a lot of change to the state of the climate for it to be noticed ...

The decrease in world’s petroleum and oil supply has led the nations to look for alternate sources of energy. As a result of this short-supply, unconventional gas reserves are gaining importance as alternative source of crude oil, where the unconventional gas reserves are estimated to contribute to 45% of the US gas production by the year 2035. Large-scale extraction of unconventional natural gas has resulted in the development of new and untested extraction technology such as hydraulic fracturing or hydrofracking, which is expected to develop rapidly in the next few decades near human settlements and pose a health hazard (Adgate, ...

GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION

Corbett Tiger Reserve (CTR), the ecosystem under study, is situated in the foothills of the Himalayas i.e. the Shiwalik range and falls within Nainital and Pauri Garhwal districts of the state of Uttarakhand. Corbett National Park (CNP), 520.82 km2, and 301.18 km2 of adjoining Sonanadi Wildlife Sanctuary along with 466.32 sq.km of buffer zone together forms 1288.32 km2 of the tiger reserve (Barthari 12). CTR lies between 290 25’ N to 290 40’ N latitudes and 78 05’E to 790 5’E longitudes (see Fig. 1).
Figure 1: Location map of Corbett Tiger Reserve.

CLIMATE

The climate of ...

Introduction

There has been a rise in the concern relating to how human activities are affecting the environment. Over the last number of years, issues relating to environmental destruction and pollution are a concern of almost every nation in the world. The increasing use and exploitation of natural resources are resulting in the development of unwanted consequences such as increasing waste, which is affecting the lives of many individuals. As such recycling is aimed at reducing the amount of waste products that is discharged into the environment. According to Hill (2003), recycling is the process of changing waste products into usable products.
...

Introduction

Emission of the toxic substance by industries is common all over the world. Toxic substances are emitted daily by industries and anthropogenic activities. Toxic substances are categorized into three categories namely organic, inorganic and metallic compounds. Examples of organic, inorganic and metallic compounds are methane, sulfate and mercury respectively. There have been reports of these substances having negative effects on the environment. Substances like methane are responsible for increased atmospheric temperature. Sulfates affect soil. Sulfates combine with atmospheric water to form acid water. Acid water has a negative effect of soil and microorganism living in it. Mercury, on the other ...

Introduction

Saudi Arabia also known as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country in the Middle East. It borders the Persian Gulf, Iraq, Jordan, Oman, Kuwait, Jordan, UAE, Yemen, and Qatar. In addition, the country borders the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a large country (the largest among the Gulf countries). The country has an area of 2, 149, 690 Sq Km (CIA, 2014).

People

Saudi Arabia had a population of 24.5 million in 2005. The population is expected to grow by 101% from 2005 to 2050. The population density is 13 per sq Km, 32 ...

ABSTRACT:

It is essential to acknowledge the fundamental reality that face engineers when subjected to conflicting interests within their performance and in offering technical expertise. It is the duty of an engineer to uphold the well-being of the public health, safety, and the welfare during the course of execution of the professional duties. As outlined below, an engineer who commits to the decision of defending his recommendations will often be faced by the risk of losing their jobs and positions. However, we must acknowledge the fact that we would be refuting our professional obligations and responsibilities, as specified by the ...

Saudi Arabia is majorly a great plateau of crystalline rocks from the ancient times. These rocks are chiefly composed of sand and limestone. It rose sharply from the coastal plain of the Red Sea and reached its peak in the South West of Arabia (it is c. 12,000 ft/3,700 m) and inclined towards the East of Persian Gulf. This piece of land is so arid that there is not a single water body, big or small, making it deprived of water. It is because of the coast-side Mountains that block all the moisture which the dry winds bring with ...