(Author’s affiliation)
Diabetes is a polygenic disease characterized by significantly higher levels of glucose in the blood. In this disorder, metabolic disorders lead to persistent thirst (polydipsia) and excessive level of urination (polyuria). Diabetes is caused by insulin-related disturbances in the body. In healthy human beings, pancreatic β cells have insulin that is found as a hexamer having three insulin dimers attached together by two central zinc ions. The insulin monomer has a 21-residue A chain as well as a 30-residue B chain. These chains are cross-linked by two disulfide bridges, i.e. CysA20-CysB19 and CysA7-CysB7. There is also a ...
Diabetes Mellitus Research Proposals Samples For Students
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a) Background and Significance
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disorder characterized by two main features: high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia) and insulin resistance. The disorder was formerly referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The pathophysiology of type 2diabetes is progressive, characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity, deteriorating cell function, and decreased incretion function (Phielix and Mensink, 2008; Misra, 2008).
In human studies, people with type 2 diabetes have a decreased PGC-1α expression compared to healthy subjects (Wagner et al., 2008; Cantó and Auwerx, 2009; Kang, 2012). The skeletal muscles of people with type 2 diabetes and those of their ...
The global burden of diabetes is high and the prevalence of diabetes is increasing. Diabetes is a major disease with significant side effects and complications resulting in shorter lifespans. The problem is greater with type 1 diabetes because this type of diabetes cannot be prevented and there is no cure for the disease. However, clinical studies have shown that education, adapting to the disease, and nutritional therapy can reduce the complications of type 1 diabetes. Parents are the most important members of the diabetes management team in pediatric patients and any impact on the quality of life of the parent ...
Introduction
Composition of Dietary Fiber
Dietary fiber is an essential component in nutrition and health (Mora et al., 2013; Klosterbuer, Roughead, & Slavin, 2011). Thus, the present study will explore the effect of particle size and source of fiber on the level of cholesterol in the human digestion system. Primarily, dietary fiber is a constituent of plant foods and includes materials that have diverse morphological and chemical structure. Such materials resist enzymatic action in the human digestion system (Dhingra et al. 2012). In the gastrointestinal tracts, the dietary fiber forms a matrix that has both amorphous and fibrous characteristics. The matrix’s ...
Problem
Diabetes has become a major health concern throughout the world; Lewis et al. (2007) state that in the United States (U.S.), an estimated 20.8 million people (7% of the population) have diabetes mellitus, and 41 million more people have pre-diabetes. It has become the fifth leading cause of death in America. The major goals of diabetic management are the reduction of symptoms, promotion of well-being, prevention of acute complications of high glucose levels, and the prevention or delaying of onset and progression of long-term and lasting complications. These goals can only be reached with patient compliance to prescribed treatment regimens. ...
Afrezza Product and Company Overview
Afrezza is an ultra-rapid-acting form of inhalable or mealtime insulin that is currently in its late stages of clinical investigation. Afrezza is purposely developed to provide treatment to adults suffering from type one or type two diabetes mellitus and Afrezza will be suited for the control of hyperglycemia. Afrezza is a drug-device that is combined with Afrezza inhalation powder that has been measured into meter level representing single dose cartridges and the Afrezza inhaler (Datamonitor Report 4). Afrezza is a proprietary product being developed by MannKind Corporation.
MannKind Corporation is a US based biopharmaceutical company involved in the discovery, development, and commercialization ...