Essays on Adsorption

Introduction

Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) is a group of technologies that received recognition in 21 century. CCS process consists of collection and concentration of CO2 emitted from combustion of fossil fuels with further transportation to special storage locations. The reason for storing carbon dioxide away is related Greenhouse effect and its influence on global warming process. The main goal of carbon capture technologies is to stabilize the levels of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. It is expected that implementation of CCS technologies will make it possible to reduce the total emission of CO2 up to 54% (to 450 ppmv). ( ...

Introduction

In the adsorption-membrane hybrid system for ethanol steam reforming: Thermodynamics analysis by Dang, Amornchai, Yaneeporn, and Suttichai, (2011, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy), the authors seek to explain how an adsorption-membrane hybrid system, which uses a carbon (IV) oxide as an adsorbent can be used to eliminate unwanted carbon (IV) oxide in the hydrogen separation process. The authors aimed at improving the ethanol steam reforming performance through comparison of thermodynamic analysis that comprised of adsorptive, as well as membrane reactor. Then the authors were able to find that membrane separation process for the hydrogen removal had a higher impact ...

Abstract

The research is dedicated to studies of activated carbons performance in the wastewater treatment process of dye removal. The experiment was performed to assess the efficiency of the commercial activated carbons (F100, F600, F820, SGL 8×30, CAL, AP4-60, OLC12×30) in adsorption process for Dylon Burlesque Red removal. The effect of pH, type of activated carbon, dye, contact time, and salinity was studied. The experiments were performed by measuring the absorbances of the solutions before and after contact with the activated carbon. The absorbance was evaluated with UV-vis spectrometry. The adsorption of the dye took place on all ...

Chapter 1

Introduction

XX century was characterized with the significant technological progress, which has improved the life of people. Numerous products and services became available, labor and domestic life became easier and more comfortable. However, waste problem is the other side of the technological progress. The solid, liquid and gas waste are formed, and thus land, natural water and air quality degrade. Therefore, in XXI century the research efforts are dedicated to development of methods for sustainable use of water, gas, and solid resources. Wastewater polluted with dye residuals originate from textile, leather and food industry. These industries produce goods that ...

XX century was characterized with the significant technological progress, which has improved the life of people. Numerous products and services became available, labor and domestic life became easier and more comfortable. However, waste problem is the other side of the technological progress. The solid, liquid and gas waste are formed, and thus land, natural water and air quality degrade. Therefore, in XXI century the research efforts are dedicated to development of methods for sustainable use of water, gas, and solid resources. Wastewater polluted with dye residuals originate from textile, leather and food industry. These industries produce goods that are ...

Abstract

In this experiment, benzene was treated with hydrogen in the presence of Pt/SiO2 as an example that can be applied on industrial operations to show that the most recently modernized methods of neutron total scattering that cover a wide Q-range allow the use of appropriate catalytic chemistry that can be measured on time domain to probe directly on site the hydrogenation of benzene within the catalyst pore. Based on this method, it is possible to study the rates of reaction on length scales that can provide measurements equivalent to the size of an atom or a nanometre. Furthermore, the ...

Introduction

The pressure swing adsorption principle and technology will be used in an experiment to separate the two gases in the lab. The technology is a technique used to separate two or more gases from a collection of various gases using pressure and the gases molecular attributes as well as an affinity for an absorbent material (Alonso-Vicario et al., 2010). The experiment will utilize the principle of pressure swing adsorption to separate active carbon and oxygen using hydrogen and nitrogen as catalysts. Pressure swing adsorption using two main factors in the separation of gases under pressure: the molecular attributes of ...

Uses of Hydrogen in the Industry

Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless, flammable, non-toxic and flammable gas at atmospheric temperature. Due to its properties, hydrogen is one of the main starting factors used substance in chemical industries. It is the basic building block in manufacturing of ammonia (Ramachandran, & Raghu, 5). Hydrogen is used mainly in the manufacturing of two chemical components, which are ammonia and methanol. These chemical components are made industrially. The manufactured ammonia is used in fertilizer manufacturing industries while methanol is used in the manufacturing of polymers. Hydrogen is also used in oil refining industries for reforming oils to obtain a high-quality grade ...

Introduction

The conversion of gas into liquid fuels is an innovative technology that is well-known to many people. This technique is so promising and enhancing new options for environmentally friendly manufacturing of fuels and chemicals as well as other natural gases. Looking into the large natural gas and coal reserves and deteriorating petroleum reserves all over the world, it is anticipated to play an important role in the future. Cobalt-based chemical agents are the ideal catalysts for hydrogen synthesis since they have a high FTS functionality, discernment for long-chain paraffin as well as a low process for the water-gas change ...

Chemistry

2. The nano carrier needs to remain in suspension in H2O, PBS, human serum, etc. What type of polymer do you need to use to decorate the surface of the nanocarrier to achieve this goal? In order to maintain the nanocarrier in suspension in water, Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS), human serum a suitable solution a polymer is needed on its surface. The polymer used needs to accomplish three goals. The polymer needs to decorate the nanocarrier surface to enhance suspension and secondly, to prevent protein absorption. Another characteristic is that the polymer evades the immune system. PLGA poly(lactic-co-)glycolic ...

Report on Arsenic-Free Water Filters

Introduction

Arsenic concentration in water varies depending on the source. This report is based on the discussion of the measures of reducing the levels of arsenic in the tube-well water. In this case, three criterions are selected for the study. Each of the methods chosen will enumerate its merits and demerits that suit the application.

Problem

Arsenic is semi-metal element found in the periodic table. It is an odorless, tasteless element that occurs naturally in water, rocks and soils, air, plants and animals. Arsenic poisoning from various water sources such as well present a significant problem across the globe. The ...

List of Figures

Figure 1 Protein concentrations under the four conditions 7 Figure 2 Protein standard curve via Bradford assay at 595 nm 13 Figure 3 Protein standard curve via BCA assay at 490 nm 15

List of Tables

Introduction Proteins are essential for life and we depend on them to interact with cellular molecules in order to live (Pace et al. 2004). Increasing the knowledge about protein solubility is significant for biological studies because increased protein concentrations enhance studies of cellular structures and functions (Golovanov, Hautbergue, Wilson, & Lian, 2004). Accurate protein quantization is also necessary for cellular studies (Johnson, 2012). The environmental conditions of ...

Abstract

Adsorption differs from absorption and activated clays are one of the most effective adsorbents in nature. The adsorbing action of activated clay is a selective adsorption process. Due to its effectiveness, activated clay has wide applications such as cleaning up oil spills and adsorbing dyes. Zeolite made up of silicon, aluminum and oxygen is also an adsorber, and it can be synthesized. Synthesis simply increases its pore or cavity sizes and makes it hydrophobic. Zeolites are selective adsorbers because of their unique pore sizes. Zeolites are used in removing heavy metals such as zinc, iron, copper, chromium and so ...

SLIDE-1-4

WELCOME-SLIDE /ADDRESS My dear respected faculty member/teachers and fellows, Asslamualaikum /Good Morning/ Afternoon Oil & Gas industry and environment are much important for us, and we have to save it for ourselves and future generations. Environmental issues are on the increase at the world and it could affect the alternatives of corrosion prevention in the future. Ecological needs still to be developed; however, some elements have been established.

SLIDE # 2

SLIDE#3 Saudi Arabia geography mostly comprises of deserts & seas and its economy is much dependent on oil & Gas industry. We need to protect our industry for sustainable progress ...

Carbon dioxide is an odorless, non-combustible gas that could be both beneficial and threatening to the environment. This gas is inherently part of the earth’s biogeochemical cycle and is as equally important as other naturally occurring gases in the earth’s atmosphere. While carbon dioxide provides benefits to plants via photosynthesis, its effect on the atmosphere at high levels may induce modifications in the naturally occurring changes in climate all over the world. To date, carbon dioxide has been put into a spotlight as the main cause of anthropogenic climate change. Anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have ...

Research Report on Remediation Methods for Arsenic

Introduction Arsenic contamination of groundwater used for potable water supply is one of the serious problems plaguing the world today. Worldwide, a large number of people are unknowingly exposed to drinking water that has arsenic content higher than the safety level. A study conducted in 2007 reveals that more than 137 million people in over 70 countries are potentially affected by arsenic contamination of drinking water resources (USA Today, 2007). Though arsenic contamination is found in all the waters in the world, some of the places where the problem is a matter of concern is Bangladesh, Argentina, China, India, Chile, ...

Abstract

Instance of countries introducing restrictions on the amount of harmful gases released to the atmosphere is on the rise. Countries like the United States have introduced policies which govern motor vehicle pollution. Gasoline is the main component of debate. As a result several studies have been done to determine the components of gasoline. In this experiment, components of gasoline are determine by an analysis process called gas chromatogram. Samples of gasoline used in the experiment are collected from four stations BP, Marathon, Moto-Mart and Sunoco from Ashland. The samples are then analyzed using a gas chromatogram. 10 ml was used ...

1. ABSRACT

The purpose of this experiment was two-fold. Firstly it was to synthesize shape-controllable Copper Oxide (Cu2O) under alkaline conditions by using hydrothermal methodology. Secondly it was to measure and evaluate its application for photocatalytic degradation of direct blue dye 53 also commonly known as Direct Blue 53 or Evans Blue. Materials used for the first step were Cu2O and the two reactants, CuCl2.2H2O and NaOH. The temperature during the hydrothermal process was raised from 80°C to 140°C. Two products were synthesized: a) the Cu2O nanorod and b) a mixture of Cu2O nanorod and Cu2O nanocubes.

Hydrothermal temperature was found to ...

This literature review embraces an analysis of gastric bypass in relation to alterations that can occur within the body after surgery and follow up care needed to avoid them. Precisely, an account of nutritional adjustments; implications for anemia; vitamin deficiencies, and malabsorption tendencies will be uncovered. In concluding recommendations and implications for evidence based practice will be discussed.

Nursing: Gastric Bypass Literature Review

Introduction Subtopics chosen for this literature review exploration are nutritional considerations; anemia complication; vitamin deficiencies and malabsorption tendencies. Eight articles have been selected to describe these interests in the surgical intervention under scrutiny. They are ‘Nutritional Considerations after Bariatric Surgery’ ...

Summary & Data Analysis

In the first part of this assignment it is important to make a summary of the kind of soils that are present in this area, the steps of soil development that have given rise to these soils, and some of the factors that have led to the kind of soil formation processes that are evident in this Area of Study [AOS]. The area that is under study is about 1144.5 acres. Historically, this area has had various constructions like homesteads for the Native Americans, who inhabited the land prior to their conquering by the colonial power. The area also has ...

Abstract Chromatographic techniques are used to separate different components in a mixture based on their solubility in the mobile phase and adsorption on the stationary phase. The most soluble components move further with the mobile the components that adsorb more on the stationary phase move a shorter distance. The main component of green leaves is chlorophyll. However more information can be obtained on the content of leaf extracts by separating a homogenate made from a leaf sample. In this experimental report, spinach leaves were used to obtain a homogenate that was separated on paper chromatography to obtain the various leaf pigments. Isopropanol was ...