Essays on Anarchy

In order to ensure peace and prosperity of a country, most governments have employed the use of stringent rules and regulations to govern people. However, some people stray away from the common perception of government and embrace anarchy. Anarchy is basically opposite of what the government stands for, anarchism is a political ideology (Carter, 1971) that holds the state undesirable and harmful while advocating for stateless institutions. The view of anarchists stray away from the commons masses and more often they tend to go extreme and cause social disturbance and unrest (Gage, 2009)as was the case of the ...

Introduction

Since the dawn of human civilization annihilation of millions of people has been occurring. After the two World Wars, this annihilation took place through many civil wars fought within the nations all over the world. The Genocide or the mass killing of a particular ethnic group has been a common phenomenon in civil wars. In 1990s, the Kashmiri Hindus were expelled by Muslim terrorists through severe massacre. The question is whether mass massacre is the answer to any problem. There is a universal agreement that genocide is immoral and unethical (Jones, 1999). Still even after the horrified consequences of ...

Introduction

The Left Hand of Darkness (1969) and The Dispossessed (1974) are useful resources that demonstrate the utopian models and breaking of limits by individuals. The paper aims at identifying the concepts of individuality in the settings of radically different individuals in the society. It demonstrates the differences in culture and interactions that exist between racially different individuals as well as their similarities. Both texts are utopian in that they give a critical review of the powerful ideologies that exist between human, environments, politics among others. The essay focuses on two characters that help in pushing the plot forward as ...

Article Critical Summary

Summary Synthesis Analysis Wendt buttresses his claims by challenging the views of various scholars on the issue and also pointing out the role of realists like Thomas Hobbes. He argues that the neo-realists have modified the opinion of these early scholars with regards to the construction of power politics and the state. Wendt also uses semantics related to early and current philosophy on the subject. Some of the principles of reasoning that come out of his claims include the inductive and deductive reasoning which he employs to challenge or support the conclusions drawn by other scholars. He also makes ...

Summary

Kenneth Waltz in his article, “Neorealism: Confusions and Criticisms,” explores various issues underlying neo-realism. Specifically, he addressed matters relating to theories. Moreover, he acknowledged that theories are often misunderstood, owing to this fact, confusions emerge. Over the years, people have got confused on what theories are, what they can do and what they can’t do; furthermore, all these confusions would be solved once and for all if people got to understand the structures and context of theories. Kenneth Waltz in a bid to make people understand what theories were went further to define what a theory is. According ...

Anarchism and revolutionary events in the 19th century played an important role in shaping the European politics. In every country an anarchist though was developing differently and was associated with different events that had an impact on the overall European politics of the 19th century, and below some of these countries and their anarchism will be described. In France, for example, the development of the anarchist thought is associated with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. He was the son of peasants and lived in the Eastern France, where he worked as a printer that was considered to be a common occupation among ...

Introduction

People, as social creatures, tend to unite in groups that have something common: they may have a similar system of values, behavior or lifestyle that is different from the dominant culture to which they belong. In social studies, the word “subculture” refers to a part of a public group that differs from predominant society. This paper is aimed at analyzing subculture of punk, the role of media and style in punk youth subculture. From the perspective of cultural studies, a subculture is associated with a group of people that do not contradict against the values of traditional culture but ...

Question 1; why was Europe such a dominant influence on the world in the 19th century?

Within the nineteenth century, Europe was considered a global powerhouse especially in the economic perspective. The production prowess and efficiency of the continent was above all the rest. There are different reasons attributed to the European dominance within the 19th century. One of the reasons was its powerful connection between market incentives and technology, which enabled it uncover the prospect of coal energy. Secondly, there emerged different developments in physics, medicine and even science, which offered immeasurable contributions to the population growth within Europe. The growth in population directly and indirectly improved the economic developments therefore reinforcing the continent’ ...

The Dynastic Cycle in China

As Usher writes, “A dynastic cycle is a periodic alternation of society between despotism and anarchy.” The political theory of a dynastic cycle implies to the idea that each dynasty undergoes four major steps of development: foundation, consolidation, deceleration, and extinction. After its creation, the dynasty reaches its peak giving the country all possible benefits and making it prosperous, and then declines and falls being replaced by the new dynasty. Throughout its history, China was under the reign of lots of dynasties and, hence, experienced lots of repetitive dynastic cycles. All of them had similar structures but different causes ...

Communism The communist government is a political and socioeconomic entity that is founded on the principles of common ownership of production, and the non-existence of social classes. The ideologies behind the communist government are also based on the theories of Karl Marx, Frederick Engels and Vladimir Lenin. These theories have in common the debunking of the relationship between the capitalists and the laborers in a society, and thus the state should own all the means of production such that there ought to be an equitable distribution of the fruits of production among all the members of society. Thus the ...

Introduction

Nowadays world’s ‘multipolarity’ creates the great conglomerate of interests and world views, which are of great importance, when they arise on the international arena. According to the main principles of the UN, they are to be respected and balanced so as to achieve so-called sustainable development. Otherwise, the consequences could be rather negative for the rest of contemporary multipolar world. According to Mearsheimer, multipolarity is more likely to cause potential conflict dyads, that the previous bipolar world, when the conflicts could be generally caused by two great existing powers (Brown, 1998). That makes the study of the causes ...

Cities in Cinemas: “Gone Baby Gone” by Ben Affleck

Gone Baby Gone is a film from 2007 and it is about the dark side of humanity, selfishness, but also about caring and about being moral and righteous. These themes are present in the film Gone Baby Gone and the film is successful in depicting major social and family issues. The story follows child kidnapping, two private detectives, the police and their attitude towards what means to do the right thing. The protagonist is a private detective, Patrick and he is a man of high integrity and moral standards, focused on doing his job consciously. The dark side of ...

Introduction

The capitalist production relies mostly on the scientific application of management principles which entail antagonistic social relations with production being the central focus of managers. This implies that the human point of view is not recognized and the only ideas workers should subscribe to are those of the management. An analysis, therefore, proves that capitalist production leads to adverse social consequences that tend to subdivide workers instead of bringing them together. Capitalist production degrades work since it makes workers behave like machines thereby neglecting the need to consider the human point of view during production. The essay, therefore, draws ...

Terrorism

Terrorism is a relatively old phenomenon, although it is rampant in the present day. There are various definitions of terrorism, and it cannot be clearly defined as one term. However, terrorism is associated as a generic term for all acts of violence that spread terror amongst the masses. Terrorism can be strategic as well tactical; it can be something considered a religious duty or it can be a crime, it may also be something justifiable in the court of law, or it can be an abdominal cause of oppression. However, what remains known is that terrorism spreads anarchy and ...

Research of international relations in the modern world are positioned and position themselves as a scientific discipline. Accordingly, the positioning of research in international relations as a science can be used for their theoretical and methodological understanding of the extensive on processing made in the field of history of science and philosophy of science. Wide range of classical IR theories give us a more theoretical understanding of world affairs and system of international relations. However, the situation worldwide is changing and not every traditional theory is able to describe or explain the roots of problem. Therefore, in that case ...

Steevens, Warrington. With Kitchener to Khartoum: After the Conquest. London and Edinburg: William Blackwood and Sons, 317-325. Print. Steevens article “With Kitchener to Khartoum: After the Conquest” offers a critical analysis on the conquest of Khartoum from the Egyptians who administered it during the period prior the conquest. The article’s thesis is that the conquest of Khartoum from the Egyptian administration was beneficial as it was equally detrimental. Precisely, the article centers on the premise that conquest of Khartoum was costly, but it served for the benefit of Egypt. In supporting the above-mentioned thesis, the author offers a ...

Part 1: Summary

The article ‘Listening, caring, becoming: Anarchism as an ethics of direct relationships’ by Heckert Jamie takes us through what he believes are the true principles of establishing meaningful relationships. The author uses one of the most controversial words in politics to bring about his point. Anarchy, which signifies disorganisations in politics, has been used to describe how the principle can be used to listen and care for the needs of others. The fact that anarchy is all about not doing this and that gives an individual to listen to their hearts and engage in what they feel is right ...

1. A "Virtue of anarchy" (or a positive effect of the constant threat of the use of force) in the international system according to Kenneth Waltz. (From Anarchic structures and balances of power, mainly Virtues of Anarchy)

Kenneth Waltz argues that countries reside in a state of war. Nation-states are guided solely by self-interests both internal, such as economic and military power, and external, by forming alliances and counter blocks. Some countries may have military potential and can use it anytime they want as a means of self-interest. K. Waltz implies that this violence is due to the anarchy, or chaos ...

Sovereignty: The word sovereignty means having paramount authority over a polity. The concept is, if a land is sovereign, then no external force has the right to intervene in the internal matters of the land.

International Organization: International organization has international presence, scope and membership. Such organizations operate across various nations. There are two categories of international organizations: INGOs and NGOs.

Actor: Any force that takes part in any political scenario, and has a role to play in it is known as an actor.

Anarchy: Anarchy is the absence of any government or the condition of disorder that ...

Question Number One

The realist international relations theory stipulates that a competitive self-interest is the main driving force of world politics. The theory is based on premises that the international political system is anarchic. States are the most important players in world politics and they tend to seek self-interest and survival is the major concern of all states. It has been theorized that “nations dwell in perpetual anarchy for no central authority imposes limits on the pursuit of sovereign interests” (Oye, 1). Anarchy stems from the fact that there is no common or central government in world politics (Axelrod and Keohane, 226). ...

How the English-Speaking Peoples Made the Modern World

“Inventing Freedom: How the English-Speaking Peoples Made the Modern World” is Daniel Hannan who is serving in the European parliament as a British member. Hannan is a politician who is known for his conservative faith on various issues. He is also a known author and journalist and has authored several books and articles. Hannan is a staunch supporter of localism and he expresses similar views in abovementioned book. This paper intends to discuss Hannan’s book and further examines his idea of Anglosphere along with discussing other related aspects of the subject.

Hannan believes that British imperialism was for the good and ...

Policing is a complex endeavor to say the least since these brave men and women are tasked with the heavy load of preempting social deviance and ensuring law and order. It’s however a very thin line that exists between a decent law abiding society and a lawless hopeless wasteland. The line is made even thinner by the fact that, in this modern society things are not as black and white as they would normally appear to be and grays are apparently the new order of the day (Carter, 2005).

Undoubtedly the most monumental development in policing in the United States has been ...

Jack Snyder talks of realism, liberalism and idealism in the context of United States of America. The effects these two theories have on foreign policies are enormous as is evident from the policies undertaken by the United States of America. The theoretical debate between idealism and realism is also a matter of discussion. In his essay, the author discusses the intricacies and complexities of the theories of international relations in view of the contemporary state of affairs in world politics. In reference to another essay by him, one can get to know of the democracies and wars and the effects ...

In the Popped Wheat Thins Commercial, happiness is equated with more than just buying and consuming a "delicious" food product. The commercial is short, but its overall theme is complex, and reveals a lot about society. In this television advertisement, attaining happiness is coupled with law-breaking -- a theme that has pervaded pop culture for many years, including music, film, and television. In this television commercial, happiness is attained by getting away with something -- something illegal, happiness and freedom. In the commercial, a man is fiendishly eating from his box of "new" Popped Wheat Thins while speeding in his hot air ...

The founding fathers of this nation pieced together Constitutional guarantees for the citizens of the land to protect them from anarchy and tyranny. They had just overthrown the yoke of the most vilianous colonial regime in Great Britain. They were also determined that no American citizen should ever be subject to such tyranny especially in the name of the law. Hence, we have our Constitutional Amendments. The Fifth Amendment allows a citizen not to testify in court if the information would be self-incriminating. The Sixth Amendment allows citizens to the right to have their day in court. They are entitled ...

Over the last few centuries, the increasing penetration into new worlds and markets has pushed for the availability of international relations (Schieder 56). International relations involve the interactions between states in the world and other bodies that help impact fruitful production among nations. This interaction is governed by certain rules that limit and guide the way state, and non-state organs interact with one another. The four common theories of international relation have been used to explain the essence and impact of international relations. These theories (Liberalism, Realism, Marxism, and Feminism) have been attributed to affect globalization and democratization today ( ...

In his definitions, Wolff accurately describes the concepts of the state, politics, political philosophy, power, authority, and autonomy. Wolff considers the state as a group of individuals with the supreme moral authority over a specified population. He accurately differentiates authority from power, and in my opinion, I concur with the fact that the state has authority over the citizens. Authority refers to the moral right to rule. However, according to Wolff’s argument, which I also consent to it, man’s autonomy assumes that the individual members of the state have the responsibility for their actions. Therefore, members of the state ...

International Relations-The Problem of the Rise of China

Introduction This research paper explores the issues related to the rise of China as one of contenders for world supremacy in terms of economic and political dominance. In the twenty first century several countries have been considered to have the potential of being superpowers and China has been seen as one of them. It has experienced massive economic growth and political development. The growth in its economy has resulted from the large skilled workforce and the efficient technology that is used in production. This has been accompanied by the strong security within its borders and the formation of a strong military base. ...

Impacts of Police Corruption on the Community of Paterson

Impact of Police Corruption on the Community of Paterson Introduction Corruption by the police is an act that involves the police acting beyond their powers by demanding money from people and in an unreasonable manner. Though the actions may be in relation to their duty, further revelations dictate that police corruption accompany excess force. Inhuman treatment is another aspect of police corruption. Police corruption pauses impacts on any community under the exercise of the vile (Mouris, 2013). Among the impacts, we have categories that take the form of social, economic, political, psychological and religious dimensions (Council of ...

Introduction

The paper is a review of the writings of Kenneth waltz and Alexander Wendt. The two differ in the approach of discussing the anarchical realms of the world. They agree on the use of force as a method of survival for the states. Thesis Statement The main argument of the paper is the contention that anarchy is relative a states. The paper takes the social constructivism approach is discussing anarchy in the world. International political arena is equated to a jungle where there are no rules.

Body

The paper delves into the discussion of the three principles of political structures ...

Structural realism or Neo-realism is a well recognized theory of international relations, in the book of “Theory of International Politics”, outlined by Kenneth Waltz. His argument favoured a clear and systematic approach of the international relations structure. Considering Neo-liberalism, the topic of neo-realism is considered a great and influential approach to the discipline of international relations (Keohane & Robert, 1986). These perspectives have had a great dominance to international relations over a long period. The topic of neo-realism came from North America as a discipline of political science, and continues to reformulate and dominate the tradition of classical realist of Hans Morgenthau, Reinhold Niebuhr, and E.H. ...

Classical Realism, or Traditional Realism (Waltz, 2003: 21), and Neorealism, or Structural Realism (Jakobsen, 2013), are “two of the major approaches” in the study of international politics (Waltz, 2003: 21). Robert Keohane (1986: 159) considers Classical Realism as the “central tradition” in the study of international politics, while Jo Jakobsen (2013) considered Neorealism as the “bedrock theory of International Relations.” Despite the efforts of their respective proponents to distinguish one theory from the other, commonalities between Classical Realism and Neorealism do occur. First, both would agree that changes in policymaking among states “happen” more than making it happen ( ...

Introduction

Classical realism and neo-realism represents the evolution and proliferation of international politics. Even in contemporary times, the political leaders staunchly represent these theories in their practical application of political ideals. This paper is an extensive study of these two forms of realism. It begins by defining realism; then identifies the major differences among these concepts and exemplifies its significance across the world. Finally, a conclusion is drawn by elaborating on contemporary politics and its use/rebuttal of these concepts.

Defining realism

According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2013), realism has its foundation in theories proposed by Thucydides, Machiavelli and Hobbes. It is ...

Margaret Cezair-Thompson novel, "The True History of Paradise,” is a story about Jean Landing, a Jamaican woman who is determined to escape from her motherland of Jamaica. It is in 1981, and the country is sliding into anarchy after continuous political unrest. The author intelligently injects the storyline with the whole family background of Jean and Jamaica’s whole history. This Jamaican history stretches from the pre-Columbian days up-to-the time Jean gets on her flight. The unfolding political turmoil in her country of birth causes her to make a decision to flee immediately. Even before making her final preparations, she receives piercing ...

World Literature

‘Antigone’ by Sophocles: Analyzing the importance of Teiresias in Greek tragedy Greek Literature speaks of ‘Antigone’ as the tragic play, which was written by Sophocles during 441 B.C. Some of the literary experts are of the view that the original manuscript belonged to years much before 441 B.C.; however, the lack of evidence certifying the earlier dates suggest the former as the age of this storyline (Leach). This play is an important asset that World Literature preserves with care, and serves as the source for many important inferences that can be drawn from each event that ...

Introduction

The passage from the Republic by Plato is prone to different interpretations. To gain full comprehension of the passage the reader is obliged to delve deep into the platonic debate between Socrates and Glaucon. The trajectory of the argument according to Plato, was that democracies are governments ran by fools. The principal argument in the discussion was that democracies elect courses of action without a coherent understanding of the matter they are handling. The overriding argument was that only those who are fully experienced in statecraft should be allowed to rule. ‘Socrates argued that the cobbler and the medical doctor ...

Introduction

Cyberpunk is a form of science fiction that emerged in the latter half of the 20th Century. This genre of science fiction involves the envisioning of a near future that is characterized by scientific advancement in the form of cybernetics an information technology. This advancement is however coupled with societal order breakdown where chaos and anarchy reigns. Many of the cyberpunk narratives revolve around conflicts between technological experts like hackers or even conflicts between technological mega-corporations. A lot of cyberpunk plots are set in dystopian societies marked by massive cultural rot as well as the use of advanced technology to propel ...

In the realm of contemporary popular art, few media may claim such relevance and understanding of mass culture than the cinema. From political discourses in films such as Argo (Affleck, 2012) and The Hurt Locker (Bigelow, 2009), to philosophical inquiry in films such as Her (Jonze, 2013) and Children of Men (Cuaron, 2007), the filmic medium has never failed to be an avenue for human questions that deal with the most intimate nature of our species. In this regard, James McTeigue’s 2006 film V for Vendetta – as well as the graphic novel of the same name that it ...

What is the difference between Realism and Neorealism?

The nature of international politics has long been a subject of immense debate between scholars since time in memorial. These scholars would present their own ideology as to why states go to war and what should be the main focus of actors in terms of policy-making and the use of force. Several ideologies have come and go in terms of explaining the erratic nature of international politics with only a few considered to be one of the foundations of international relations theory. One of these founding theories is known as Realism or classical realism and like its fellow international politics theories, ...

Since the end of the Cold War, the Korean Crisis between North Korea and South Korea remains as one of the world’s longest ongoing conflicts as the region remains in conflict despite the 70 year armistice between the two countries. The North remained hostile against the South throughout the armistice period, attacking the South and violated international law. Several attempts have been done throughout this period to try to get the North to concede to a permanent peace in the Peninsula and the removal of its nuclear weaponry, but the North remained adamant on its position as a hostile country. ...

Philosophy

Question one Martin Luther Jr was an avid supporter of the civil rights in the United States of America. As a minister of the church, he advocated for the eradication of the injustice form the fabric of the Society. The colored people were constantly faced with injustice from every sphere of life and, as a result, their dignity was constantly violated. As the president of the Southern Christian leadership, he championed for the rights of the black minorities in the United States of America. Marin Luther argues that his actions were influenced by the refusal of the Birmingham authorities ...

Developing Countries in the International System

In our contemporary world, there still remain many countries that are in the bottom billion. They continue to face extreme poverty and unemployment because of the lack of industries and jobs. The biggest problem most of these countries face is that they have limited financial assistance to enhance their economy and industry and play into the hands of developed nations, who dictate what and how they should run their economy. We all know that in advanced and economically sound countries, the quality of life of the people is much higher than that of those in economically weak and poor ...

In the 2008 film Die Welle (The Wave) directed by Dennis Gansel and produced by Rat Pack Film and Christian Becker, high school teacher Rainer Wenger (portrayed by Jürgen Vogel) challenged his students about the possibility of an authoritarian government in modern Germany. To prove its possibility, he provoked his students to being his blind Nazi followers while he plays as the dictator "Herr Wenger". It was an experiential experiment gone astray but a subtle and touching revelation on the transcendence of fascism in contemporary time. For Rainer, it started as an innocent class strategy in teaching Autocracy ...

International politics and relations remains to be a topic of immense debate for theorists and experts due to the varying descriptions and interpretations of its nature and structure. Some argue that the world order should be seen as it is and power is what leads actors to become selfish and enter war. Others argue that war or power should not be the focus of political actors, it should be progress and the will of a bureaucratic organization that represents the collective interest of its member states. Within ideologies, several schools branch out to provide their own concept of international politics while ...

Socrates, in Book 5 of Plato’s Republic as explained by his student Plato distinguishes the terms faction and war. Socrates distinguishes the two terms by stating that faction is hostility towards one’s own people. On the other hand, he refers to war as hostility towards strangers. In the book, which is written in a dialogue form, Socrates is speaking to Glaucon whom he tells that faction only occurs between kinsmen. He further illustrates by giving an example of a Greek race fighting against another Greek who are its own and kin, as faction rather than war. On the contrary, ...

<instructor’s name> <date submitted>

Discussion of Five Theories of International Relations

Liberalism The study of international relations owes most of its roots from liberalism. The liberalist school of thought, having emerged during the Enlightenment, mainly addresses the broad concern of international relations on attaining enduring peace and cooperation between states and non-state actors. Scholars of liberalism thus devote themselves to the study of stabilizing relationships between states and organizations from different parts of the world through a variety of methods (Doyle & Recchia, 2011). Liberalism includes within its vast umbrella of sub-schools of thought theories that focus mostly on the behavior of ...

Introduction

World politics involve states and nations coming up together with organizations and agencies that cannot be understood independently. In order to understand world politics, we need to grasp the domestic structures that are defined by the ordering of principles. World politics are different and specific in functionality and capabilities and are distributed in the units. Nowadays, some political systems are aimed at giving commands while others obey the commands. World politics are created by some group of self-regarding political units in some period or scale such as empires, cities, and nations. World political systems are differentiated by nations or ...

Organized crime is fully represented by the protection rackets. War making and state making uses protection rackets as a typical example of organized crime. Organized crime is influenced by the expanding impact or role played by the powerful countries in the supplying of military organizations and arms to the third world countries. The government offers both internal and external protection to its citizens and charges a price for the service hence qualifying it as racketeering. The power holders extract resources that are relevant in the process of war making and state making from the population to which he or she has ...

<Name> <Professor> <Subject>

Explain the relationship between a soldier’s identity and the concept of masculinity. Use an example to illustrate it. The tendency of nations to go to war against one another is a strong reason behind the existence of national military forces. Soldiers stand as the most important members of every military force since they are the ones who actively proceed in the line of battle in every war. With lives at great risk, soldiers do not resist any urges to quit the frontlines to preserve the honor they bestow on their nation. With ...

Response Paper

International politics cannot be understood independently without involving the states and nations that come up with such agencies and organizations. The fact that international politics operate independently without outside interference or rule is an intriguing question. How can such politics affect world politics without a source of such orders? It means that some form of groupings have hidden themselves into the structure with intent to benefit from international politics while at the same time hiding such state intents. This paper will look at how anarchy and hierarchy can be used to explain and understand international politics. The big question ...

The debate between the neorealists and the neoliberals had swept the international relations theory for the past decade, especially in the United States. The ‘neo-neo’ debate had shifted the views of many theorists regarding the international system and the definition of what is international politics. Both neo-realism and neoliberalism are considered the progeny of the main theories of realism and liberalism respectively, presenting a new definition and framework to determine the nature of issue. Under these two progenies are also several versions, which diversifies the debate of both IR theories on issues pertaining to international relations and politics. However, while ...

Somalia in Poverty

IFAD alias The International Fund for Agricultural Development is a specialized agency of the United Nations that assists the impoverished people in Somalia fight hunger and poverty. The article I have chosen for my essay has been published in IFAD website. The author name and the year of its publication are not disclosed. The article is titled as Rural Poverty in Somalia. As the title implies, the article underscores the increase of poverty in Somalia since the early 1990s after the deposition of the government and the outset of a violent civil war. More than half of the population in rural ...

Introduction

Just like a celebrity, the ideas of Benedict Anderson need no introduction. The scholar, theorist and modern philosopher holds the most peculiar ideas about nationalism. Benedict believes that the nation is an imagined community based on the absence of some factors. On the contrary, Partha Chatterjee believes that there was a big difference between the form of nationalism in Asia and Africa, and that in European countries. Partha Chatterjee argues that the main differences lie in the forces and reasons behind such nationalism. Worth mentioning is that nationalism is defined by the same metrics by the two scholars, but the reasons ...

The Success or Failure of the Roman Empire: A Western Perspective

The Romans treated their empire as their world and that is the reason behind their success. It’s as if the world was paralleled with the Roman Empire. This perception established the public concrete which kept the Roman Empire constant. However, this public attachment was temporarily at best. There were also some forces outside the empire which were eating away at the Roman Empire itself and nevertheless of whether we agree to the point that Rome dropped due to influences from the outside or it can be results of domestic pressure, or both of these and at the same ...

Libertarians are known as ‘classical liberals’. Their views is that each person’s welfare, success, and societal placement can be nurtured by the simple act of the government staying out of their individual pursuit of liberty. The ideals of libertarianism forces one to question: What might happen? What does one need for survival? What are ‘real-world’ concerns? Are they necessary concerns? How can we overcome all that is unnecessary to solve problems that occur in concerns we have no control over? There are a plethora of different views and opinions about Libertarianism and what it is. Some believe, “Libertarianism ...

The movie “V for Vendetta,” directed by James McTeigue, follows the actions of a freedom fighter who operates under the alias “V” and uses guerrilla tactics to oppose the totalitarian regime established in England. When he rescues Evey Hammond from the secret police, he also gains an accomplice. James McTeigue, the director of “V for Vendetta,” entered the film industry during the 1980s, and he became an assistant director in 1991. He was an assistant director known for participating in the creation of “The Matrix” series and “Star Wars Episode II.” The movie “V for Vendetta” was his debut ...

Introduction

There have been increased awareness on ethical business and environmental degradation within the recent decades. Just like human, organizations are held responsible for their actions. This paper explores the ethical theories and concepts as they apply to the case study of the OK Tedi Copper Mine. The new CEO of BHP, Paul Anderson had just come in office and faced with the task of managing what people had referred to as the world’s greatest ongoing “environmental disaster” (Velasquez, 2012).

Utilitarianism

Utilitarianism is a normative ethical theory that places the locus of right and wrong solely on the consequences or outcomes ...

Introduction

Controversy has always characterized the study of international relations, particularly in terms of politics. The complexity of such field has enabled the applicability of many theoretical models in studying politics in the international arena. There could be no “one-size-fits-all” approach, as there is an understanding that several theories have attempted to explain phenomena within international relations. Three theories – neorealism, neoliberalism and classical realism, stand out as among the most prominent ones applicable in studying international relations, with each tending to construct distinctive interpretations. This study seeks to establish that of the three aforementioned theories, classical realism stands out ...

Introduction Scholars of international relations have deemed the neorealist-neoliberal debate as the conventional paradigm of their discipline. Yet, the emergence of social constructivism in international relations has challenged that standard, and critics both acclaimed and disputed the approach in relation to the established ones in place (Zehfuss, 2002, p. 2). Whereas social constructivism proved influential within scholarly circles of international relations (Checkel, 1999, p. 545), its extent of influence has received indefinite assessments. The extent to which social constructivism has transformed international relations serve as a gap that this study seeks to ...

Political realism, liberalism and constructivism are three theories alive in international relations today. However, throughout history, one theory outshines the rest by continuously playing a vital role in world-wide affairs. From on-going wars to daily foreign policy acts, the philosophy of realism is applied more often than not. Realism looks at the uncertainty that exists between nations and how the various conflicts in the world need to be followed accordingly, without trust. This theory can be appropriately applied to events today and many historical conflicts over the centuries.

Comparatively, liberalism is a theory that, although it already existed, transformed with the ...