Essays on Aqueous Solution

An acid is defined as a chemical substance that is capable of forming an aqueous solution with the ability to turn a blue litmus paper red, have a sour taste and form salts when it reacts with certain metals and bases. A substance will qualify to be an acid if it is capable of increasing the number of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water, or the capability of that substance to be deprotonated, act as a proton donor during reactions. A base is a substance that in aqueous solution feels slippery, has a bitter taste, and is capable of ...

Assumptions in Molecular Weight Determination and their impact on MW determination

DSC measures the quantity of required heat necessary to melt a sample where the heat of fusion is calculated based on a percentage of crystallinity. Therefore, the methods used to measure crystallinity, weight determination such as DSC must be detailed to retrieve valuable results. However, in most of the molecular weight determination methods, there are certain assumptions undertaken but those assumptions also have a certain impact on results. In DSC profile, three types of distinct probabilities of uncertainty exist. The first is natural uncertainty that may be linked to equipment such as uncertainty of weight measurements of the sample. ...

Introduction

There are environmental chemical processes which require light to react. These processes are called photochemical reactions. Photochemical reaction is commonly initiated due to the absorption of solar energy or light. When molecules absorb energy in the form of light, the atoms are converted in a transient excited state (Larson & Weber, 1994). This transition state or excited has completely different physical and chemical properties with the initial state of the molecule. The excited states also have more tendencies to react since they are considered stronger acids and stronger reductants that the initial state of the molecule. The excited state of ...

Affiliate Institution

Summary of the Incident The tragic incidence occurred in the production facility that is situated near Allentown in Pennsylvania. On February 19, 1999, the Concept Sciences, Inc. (CSI) was making an aqueous solution of hydroxylamine, which was to be the first attempt in the new facility (Volk, 2002). Unfortunately, the vessel, which contained the chemicals, exploded that led to many deaths. For instance, the high temperature that was allowed in the process became so intense to the tank piping, which eventually decomposed causing the explosion. During the event, four people working in the facility together with the manager of ...

Introduction

Alum is a double salt that is obtained from aluminum. It is used in pickling process and the dying of various fabrics by recycling aluminum useful products can be obtained from previous material generally regarded as refuse.

Materials

Aluminum foil, aqueous solution of KOH Procedure Dissolve aluminum foil in hot aqueous solution of KOH. The solution will acidify until a precipitate will be recovered (alum) Re-crystallize the precipitate to eliminate impunities. Results Group 1 - Na + O2→Na2O2 - Na2O2 +2H2O→H2O2+2NaOH - Cesium would be more reactive than sodium.

Group 2

- 2Mg + ...