Essays on Arrest

Perhaps one of the most commonly known rights guaranteed by the first ten amendments to the Constitution is the Fourth Amendment’s “right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects against unreasonable searches” (U.S. Const. amend IV). Interestingly, while the meaning of the term “unreasonable” might seem intuitive, the Framers of the Constitution did not provide a specific or detailed definition of it. However, after the Supreme Court; relying on the fact that Article III of the Constitution vested the Court with the judicial power to “all cases” that arise under the “Constitution, ...

The Federal Torts Claims Act (FTCA) is the statute that allows for the recovery of damages against the United States (Cann 487). This Act allows prisoners of the federal government and pretrial detainees in federal correction facilities to file lawsuits against the United States if a federal officer injures them. The Federal Torts Claims Act enables a litigant to sue the federal government over torts committed by its employees (Cann 487). The United States has no qualified immunity under this Act. It is important to note that the Act does not limit a noncitizen from suing the federal government. ...

Introduction

Every US citizen has a right not to have their privacy unreasonably intruded into according to the Fourth Amendment to the US Constitution. Moreover, under this Amendment, search warrants shall not be issued to law enforcement officers unless there is probable cause that particularly describes the specific place that the police needs to search or the things subject to seizure. In the state of Florida, for example, the requirements of a search warrant are provided under Chapter 933 and include the existence of probable cause, search for only the property specified in the warrant, supported by an affirmation or ...

Human trafficking is defined as the recruitment, transport, transfer and receipt of persons through the use of force or coercion, deception and abuse of power in order to control them and use them in providing services for the benefit of the traffickers at the detriment of the victim. Human trafficking is a deliberate act of deceiving or forcing another person against his or her will to move to from one geographical area to another geographical area to be used for labor or crime in ways that benefits the trafficker. Human trafficking is an international phenomenon. This is because it ...

Introduction

It cannot be denied that gang activity has always been a recurring problem in the United States, but it is notable to know that gang activity in itself has a colorful history behind it. There are many gangsters and criminals throughout the history of the United States, and one of the most infamous of them is the iconic American gangster Al Capone. A criminal from the Prohibition Era, he was the leader of the Chicago Outfit—a crime syndicate known for illegally distributing alcohol during that time. Al Capone himself had a colorful biography worth detailing. Delving into details ...

Training of cultural diversity could eliminate many harmful incidents. However, some people including Students Against Racism favored diversity while others including American Student Organization were opposing diversity and they started protesting against each other. A protest started on Campus on Friday. Over 600 demonstrators came during the Board of Regents meeting that was discussing different things including a plan for cultural diversity training for students as well as faculty members. The protest started among two groups of students including Students Against Racism, who were favoring diversity, and the American Student Organization, who were opposing diversity. The protest resulted in ...

Abstract

Wayne Bertram Williams was an American national living in Atlanta, Georgia was who was suspected of killing two men as well as 28 to 30 other murders in the city. Many of the bodies he is suspected of killing were dumped by the roadside. The killer was meticulous and did not leave any evidence but for some fibers on the bodies of the victims. Wayne Bertram Williams was arrested on the James Jackson Parkway Bridge of the Chattahoochee River where the bodies were being dumped after the police heard a splash in the river. The prosecution of Wayne Bertram ...

ABSTRACT

One of the interesting unique aspects of the American legal system is that it really is two systems, namely one at the federal level and one at the state level. Generally, the two systems have little interaction. That is to say, the federal legal system focuses on issues involving the federal government, foreign affairs, and relations between the states. Conversely, the state legal system focuses on matters state specific matters such as education and healthcare. Two areas, however, where the state and federal legal system often interact and occasional collide is immigration and crime. The 2012 Supreme Court case, ...

Freedom of Speech: The Right to Free Expression – Thailand versus Australia

Introduction The freedom of speech is one of the major branches or rather an indication of the level in which a nation has attained so far when it comes to democratic progress. Freedom of speech is a human right to freely express their thoughts, one of the most important civil liberties. A person's ability to act in accordance with their own interests and objectives, based on knowledge of objective independence, there is freedom. Freedom of expression is closely linked to issues of truth-seeking, self-management, flexibility of the political system, self-realization of the individual, natural rights and their protection. Freedom ...

Insanity Defense Paper

Insanity Defense Paper

A person is not responsible for criminal act if such behavior was a result of mental disease or defect and if the defendant did not have any significant opportunity to assess the unlawfulness of his conduct or to subordinate his behavior requirements of the law. Stu Dents cannot be not subject to criminal liability due to the fact that at the time of committing a socially dangerous act, he was insane, that is, could not be aware of his actions or control them due to chronic mental illness, disturbances of mental activity. During the arrest Stu ...

Abstract

Martin Luther King Jr., is among the greatest civil rights leaders that the world has ever had. Throughout his life he was able to portray various characteristics of a good leader. In cases that an individual is able to study the way Dr. King carried out his activities and the various issues that he took into consideration before making a decision would really help to mold an individual into an ideal leader that the world would be proud to have. In addition, to this, the various challenges that he faced as he made his decisions and the various barriers ...

1. Compliance breach literally means the act of breaking accordance with the request, obedience or indication, or any internal or external requirements or standards. By compliance itself, one means a part of control, or monitoring system in the organization, associated with non-compliance risk, compliance with legal requirements, regulations, rules and standards of oversight bodies, industry associations and self-regulatory organizations, codes of conduct, and other institutions (American Health Information Management Association). As a result, compliance breach may ultimately lead to the application of legal sanctions or regulatory sanctions, financial or reputational loss, changing regulations and generally accepted standards. Compliance breach ...

(Institute/College)

Domestic disputes

Domestic violence is a gender related crime that has been occurring for a significant period of time, but is one that has a short record. Much of the criminal jurisprudence in the United States defines this behavior as abuse against the wives or against intimate partners. American criminal codices that list down the action as a specific crime rather than lump it together within the general crime of assault define it as “family” or “domestic” violence (Erez, 2002). Texas law has identified three distinct acts of domestic violence: “domestic assault,” “aggravated domestic assault,” and “continuous violence against the ...

Eric Garner was an African-American man who served as a horticulturalist at the parks and recreation department of the New York City. He was a family man with a wife and six children. Due to health reasons, Garner quit his job as a horticulturalist and ventured into personal businesses. Eric Garner was not always on the right and he had gotten arrested by the NYPD a couple of times. His charges during these arrests ranged from assault, resisting arrest to selling cigarettes that were not licensed in the streets of New York. In 2014 July 17, Garner was outside ...

The novel "The Trial", written by Franz Kafka, analyzes the classic problem of the modern society - the confrontation between man and bureaucratic system. The novel tells the story about Josef K. who is arrested in the morning of his 30th anniversary without being told the reason for arrest. However, Josef continues to live his life as he does it before because the organization that has arrested him is not afraid of his abscondence. He is invited to the court, is visited at home and at workplace, is pursued by servants of justice. All this time he is trying ...

(College/Institute) Crime scenes are studied and analyzed as if it were telling a story. In order to be able to ensure a “good ending,” that is the arrest, prosecution, and if warranted, conviction and imprisonment of the perpetrator, certain factors must be analyzed to help in the identification of the suspect. Behavioral patterns such as writing patterns, verbal and non-verbal movements, and speech instances all predict the ways that a person will act in certain situations. This distinct behavioral pattern must be consistent and is independent of the variable of the impact of the activity being done (Douglas, Munn, ...

Introduction

Watergate was a controversial scandal that rocked the USA in the 1970s, following a burglary attempt at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters located in Watergate Office Complex in Washington D.C. and the alleged involvement of the then US president Richard Nixon in the cover-up. The Watergate scandal marked a historic significance in the US politics as it showed how politicians abused their power to get what they desired. The Watergate scandal brought to the surface an array of secret and illegal activities conducted by the members of the Nixon administration. These activities involved the adoption of unethical means ...

Abstract

Over the past years, the criminal justice system has experienced both praises and criticism involving the manner in which various officers enforce law and order. While most officers strive to ensure sanctity and order prevail among all equals, a section of the officers overlook the art of humanity and apply undue force to innocent and suspected individuals. Unfortunately, the blanket of corruption shields the officers from prosecution in the effort to safeguard the exposition of the inner affairs of the police culture. Corruption broils police brutality and individual victimization with unwarranted allegations as a weapon to silence their sufferings. ...

Questions and Answer

In order to find the connection between these three terms, first we need to define them. The rule of law, as per Zun, Nollkaemper and Peerenboom (12), denotes the legal principle that accounts for the need of a nation to be governed by law. In other words, it reflects the unlimited exercise of power through subjecting it to well-defined, as well as established laws; laws entrenched in a given constitution of the nation at hand. On the other hand, legitimacy denotes lawfulness of any given thing, and lawful here means it adheres to the laws of a given country’ ...

Wild West was fundamentally the American Frontier. Contrary to the popular opinion the Wild West was not truly wild as portrayed in the Hollywood movies. The history of west is laden with conquests, hence it never truly escaped this aspect of human behavior. The portrayal has been such that the hardy settlers were power hungry plunderers, as if they were always on the hunt of resources and means to control the human population (Anderson & Hill, 2004). Despite the exaggeration about the Wild West there are certain elements that have led to the fantasized version of the west. Many famous ...

Application of strain theory to the criminal case for Beverly Allitt

Application of strain theory to the criminal case for Beverly Allitt

Background information on Beverly Allitt

Beverly Allitt is a British female nurse convicted of murder and attempted murder charges in May 1993 after killing four babies and attempting to kill nine others (Marks & Richmond 2008). Her early life demonstrated incidences of attention-seeking through unconventional means such as causing injury to others or feigning illnesses. The height of her pretence was witnessed when she caused the surgical removal of her otherwise perfectly functioning appendix which she insisted was interfering with the healing of a scar she had self-inflicted. On occasions, she would tie a ...

Explain the main changes that occurred after WWII

World War II produced major changes in the way the main economic and military powers related. The United States had seized the opportunity to build its network of international allies, and President Truman made efforts to increase the spread of capitalism and defeat to communism and another socialist movement. The post-war era brought a lot of success to American corporate companies, a factor that increased government resources in the ensuing boom of the 1950’s. Same way, military expenditure increased by double digits between 1947 to 1960, and part of the money was used to offer military support to ...

According to the Juvenile Crime Statistics Report of 2008, there has been an overall decrease in juvenile arrests. There are four crimes i.e. non-negligent manslaughter, forced rape, robbery, and assault which are present on the Violent Crime Index. The rate of juvenile arrests in 2008 was lowest since the 1990s and only about 3% higher than those between 2001 and 2007. The arrests for rape were lowest since the 1980s, and the juvenile arrests for assault were also lowest since the year 1988 (OJJDP, 2008). The arrests for murder had first increased from 2005 till 2007 and then experienced ...

Introduction

How does the factor of gender impact the concept of violent offending? One of the most commonly held notions is that males have a higher propensity to commit violent crimes compared to women. This holding is one of the most widely held concepts in the area of criminology. However, there is a growing debate as to the scope of the “gender gap” in terms of violent offending has shifted in recent years. A number of commentators hold that the gap is described in terms of its stability; others proffer that there is an observable closing of the gap, particularly ...

Abstract

This article will examine the validity of arrests made by police officers upon appeal of the defendants claiming that their 4th and 5th amendment rights have been violated by the police officers. This paper will present to cases decided by the US Supreme Court that will explain if the arrests made by the police officers were valid and the issues raised by the defendants in accordance to the rights under the 4th and 5th amendment. There will be a discussion on whether the ruling of the Supreme Court was justifiable. There will also a brief discussion on the exceptions ...

Movie Review: THX-1138

THX-1138, the main character in the film THX-1138, works as a magnum operator in cell 94107. He was literally created to manipulate the magnum along with other people in his society. In general, the THX-1138 movie is one of the best films that the creator of Star Wars, George Lucas, has ever scripted and directed. In 1976, Lucas produced Electronic Labyrinth: THX-113: 4EB, a short film that won various awards and introduced Lucas to movie fans globally (“George Lucas Biography”). The success of Electronic Labyrinth impressed the director of The Godfather, Frances Coppela, who urged Warner Brothers to provide ...

Introduction

People commit a variety of crimes on a daily basis. Some crimes are minor incidents that do not have an extensive consequence or sentence to uphold by the offender. There are crimes that are committed that are in a higher bracket and these crimes have a more serious sentence. People often commit a crime for a number of reasons. Some crimes committed were not even done by the person who was charged in the incident. There needs to be proof or evidence that can place the alleged criminal at the crime scene when it accrued. It is important that ...

Describe the study’s research design.

The study’s design was a relatively simple one, and the approach was experimental. During the study, officers of the Minneapolis police department were asked a series of questions regarding handling domestic violence calls (Sherman & Berk, 1984). The officers in the study were asked about three different ways to handle domestic violence calls, and were then assigned to three different manners of dealing with these calls (Sherman & Berk, 1984). Bachmann & Schutt (2013) suggest that engaging in follow-up interviews can be beneficial for both qualitative and quantitative studies. The study lasted for seventeen months (Sherman & Berk, 1984). During this time, ...

The incidence of electronic surveillance and cell phone searches by the law enforcement agencies have increased in recent times. Cell phone searches can offer police officers, valuable information pertaining to public safety, accomplice in crime, evidences and also information required to locate a person. However, not all cell phone searches are in compliance with law. Cell phone searches can be done without a legal warrant when a lawful arrest of the person is made. Cell searches can be done to a person who is not arrested, but such searches are to be ‘truly incidental’ and not done with the ...

Background

There have been numerous conspiracy theories offered in lieu of explanations surrounding the assassination of President John F. Kennedy (JFK) in 1963(“John F. Kennedy: Assassination or Conspiracy, n.d.”). In addition, details about the assassination have been uncertain for the last 40 plus years due to the fact that many of the tapes with information and evidence have been tampered with, and so many legal experts and scholars, and historians have refuted a lot of the information published on the case and deem them unreliable (“John F. Kennedy: Assassination or Conspiracy, n.d.”). In addition, due to the irregularities and ...

Reentry is an issue that has social, and public policy implications. Supervision and release as handled by parole has created more intensity among scholars. Many plausible factors have contributed to as to why offenders have a hard time re-entering the community successfully (Nally, Lockwood, Ho & Knutson, 2012). More than 700, 000 individuals are serving time behind bars. One of the main predictors of post-release recidivism is lack of employment (La Vigne, et al., 2008). It is difficult as for most jobs criminal background checks are required, which in itself is an obstacle and challenge in securing employment upon an ...

Abstract

The criminal justice system in the United States provides Constitutional guarantees for all who are subject to the laws of the land. The three most controversial aspects of this system today are Search and Seizure, arrest, and interrogations. While these three aspects are the foundation of police action throughout the nation, there are several unresolved problems in how each of these processes is in use today. The presence of the law is not always the same as upholding it. The cases which made the case for the citizens are moving into obscurity with modern variations of the problems making ...

Theodore Bundy, known as Ted, was born in 1946 and was a source of shame to his mother, who was not married when she gave birth. This was considered a scandalous affair by her parents, who were deeply religious. In order to keep their family intact Ted Bundy was adopted by his grandparents and raised to believe that his mother was his sister. Later on he moved to Tacoma with his “sister”, Eleanor Colwell, to Tacoma, Washington. There she met and eventually married Johnnie Bundy. Despite being raised in a stable, working-class home, Ted Bundy still started exhibiting several ...

Introduction

The criminal justice system in the United States is complex and has a trove of advantages for the defendant in comparison to several other nations. The rights include the right to an attorney and the right to remain silent during a police interrogation. Apart from these rights, the process to find someone guilty and sentence that person is a tedious process. Unlike justice systems which rely on circumstantial evidence, the American Justice system insists on the presence of physical evidence to corroborate. In addition, a lengthy process ensures checkpoints in different areas to prevent convicting innocent people of crimes ...

Introduction

Deng Xiaoping's rule in China marked an important pivotal point of political and economic development in the country, which had begun under the reign of the first generation leaders. Even after the death of the former, the political and economic achievements of China continue to impress across the globe. However, at the dawn of the post-Deng era, there has been a growing trend of economic and political development in different regions. As a result, it has alluded to the important question of what is the state of affairs in China amidst some current issues, which questions the growth of ...

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Heart is one of the most important part of the body. It performs many vital functions that are essential for life. Without the functioning of heart there is no life. Heart is also considered as the pumping organ of the body. The main function of heart is to pump the blood throughout the body ("The Heart (Human Anatomy): Picture, Definition, Location In The Body, And Heart Problems"). Inside the body blood is considered as the most important mean of transport of oxygen ...

There has been a reason for outrage as police brutality has escalated and many incidents have become more visible in communities today although was also present in years past. For example, according to Darden and Thomas, “If African Americans in Detroit between 1925 and 1945 were to name the worst racial abuses they had to encounter, without a moment’s hesitation they would have said “white police brutality” (Darden and Thomas 29). This has helped to encourage reporting of police brutality. But, citizens like Victor Rios who have experienced police brutality filed complaints and was simply ignored (Rios 59). ...

(Course/Major)

Independent Variables.7

Research Questions..8 Hypothesis....8 Conclusion..11

Introduction: Domestic violence: profile of an offender

In the past, an act of domestic violence was not considered as a matter that merits the engagement of the law. Though men have pummeled, maltreated, and molested their intimate partners for years, the common comprehension of society was that abuse and maltreatment of women was as a part of the marriage. It was only to the end of the 1970s that domestic violence was understood as a criminal offense that warranted the involvement of the criminal justice system. However, there has been much contention as to the establishment of a general, universally accepted ...

Over the years, several problems have emerged in relations to parole management. At some point in time, parole management posed several challenges that people began to think that perhaps it’s something that is relatively impractical; however, intense pressure was laid to law enforcement agencies to come up with programs that could effectively work. Parole is just but a status of a convicted offender being released conditionally from prison before the actual expiry of the incarceration period by a paroling authority (Donald, 2011). Due to this reason, the inmates are thoroughly supervised by the relevant authority; moreover, they are ...

1.) Labour unions and employees opposed the extension of the Industrial Disputes Investigation Act (IDIA) into war production because they believed that it was simply a tactic to give employers time to prepare for a strike, make business continuity plans in the case of a strike, or otherwise seek to the crush the resolve of the unions and their members before I strike could actually take place (Fudge & Tucker, 2004). This opposition was based on the fact that under the IDIA, worked were criminally barred from striking while an investigation of the dispute was being conducted. In other words, ...

A store burglary grew into a drug confiscation with consideratble violence both from police officers and suspects. Firearms were used by suspects on two occasions and amont those arrested is a Callifornia Highway Patrol Officer. Police Office received a 911 call from the Target store at 1313 Nile Blvd this morning. Three women threatened employees with handguns, when caught shoplifting. After a violente excape, the women drove off in a car. Four policemen, who responded the call, got the record of the license plate number of the vehicle and found the address of the car owner – Lisa Belkin. They ...

In ancient societies, people believed that the hierarchy of human society was based on the divine right of certain people to lead and the divine permission to keep others as lower class members of society. This shamed the parameters of social order until the Age of Enlightenment and Reformation in the 16th and 17th Centuries. The American and French Revolutions laid the foundation for the creation of a system of civil liberties and human rights which required some basic rights to be accorded to all human beings without exception. Human rights is defined as “a set of freedoms guaranteed ...

What is the scope of the social justice issue?

Driving under influence of alcohol is associated with occurrence of accidents. Alcohol causes impaired judgments and individuals cannot make accurate decisions regarding traffic rules and driving becomes a challenge since the operation of the vehicle itself is not well coordinated such as speed and lane discipline (Rand et al., 2012). Consequently, accidents such as falling off ditches, vehicle collisions occur resulting to death of individuals and serious injuries that leaves some people totally disabled. Drivers under influence of alcohol are not only a risk to the people on board but also to the pedestrians and other road users. This ...

Abstract

The application of the rule of law as well as driving the use of the law towards the creation of a law abiding society is the limelight towards the creation of a society which does not condone crime and its sycophants. Enforcing law is one of the most effective mechanisms of controlling crime in any area. The use of the police as a law enforcement mechanism encourages peaceful coexistence within the society. The control of crime is usually a major step in discouraging crimes in communities. In the places where there are high cases of criminal cases reported, the ...

Introduction

Activism by university students has always been discouraged by administrators with many of these activists finding themselves on the wrong side of the law. The 1960’s were characterized by racial discrimination and the oppression of the rights of students from free expression. These protests were considered acts of massive civil disobedience and most students who were found participating in such activities ended up in jail. It is during this period that Mario Savio joined the University of California, Berkeley and used speech to mobilize his fellow students to participate in peaceful sit-ins to demand free speech rights. Activists ...

Everyday police work tirelessly to ensure that our streets are safe from criminal offenders. Therefore, different programs are applied to ensure that law and order is upheld. Three common programs; zero tolerance policing, community policing, and problem-oriented policing have thus been applied in various occasions by the police to deal with the law breakers. Zero tolerance policing has plenty of similarities to share with COP and POP and at the same time, there are some differences.

Similarities between Zero Tolerance Policing and COP and POP

Though zero tolerance policing, POP, and COP apply different strategies in executing their services, the biggest similarity they share is that they are ...

Abstract

Intoxication is being in a state of alcoholic or narcotic intoxication. The government is increasingly sensitive to the cases of operating a vehicle while intoxicated, explaining that the drunk driver is endangering both for their life, health and property, and other road users. However, as practice shows, the number of the detained drunk drivers increases dramatically around the holidays. If the circumstances of the crime are clear, and in a short time collected all the necessary evidence, the Prosecutor may apply to the court to hear the case under expedited proceedings. Basically, criminal cases associated with DUI are dealt ...

Combating Terrorism: Extraordinary Renditions and Advanced Interrogations

Terrorist attacks have been the fiercest, threatening the national security of most countries. Various measures have developed to combat the crime of terrorism by different countries. The most common way of disciplining criminals is the use of judicial procedures where the suspects are proved guilty by the criminal courts and appropriate disciplinary measures applied based on the crime committed. However, other measures are used exclusively by some governments to punish the suspects of terror attacks. Among these methods is the use of extraordinary renditions, which involve surrendering the criminals to another country for interrogation and detention (Horowitz & Cammarano, 2013). ...

The issues faced by the Indian River Lagoon is quite similar to that of many rivers, lakes, and even oceans from various locations of the world. The steady decline in the marine population of the lagoon escalated to alarming rates by the end of the last decade. A few legislations that were passed in the early nineties to limit trawling in the estuarine region and as well as the direct dumping of untreated sewage wastes, had proved effective in the past. But later into the decade, the rescue efforts to salvage the lagoon and the ecosystem associated with it, ...

Second Chances

Introduction More than 20 years ago, adult murderers were getting arrested for manslaughter which was common back in those days and people did not expect any concept of juvenile murderers of being created. Incidentally, America was not prepared to send a child to jail for murderous crimes and it can hardly be argued that it was thought inhumane. However, with more juvenile murderers on the rise, more and more people such as families of those murdered have begun to agree that juvenile murderers should be locked up. Cruel and unusual punishment has been mentioned in cases such as these ...

The movie “Bridge of Spies” was released on 16th of October in 2015. This historical drama was directed by Steven Spielberg, starring the Academy Award winning Tom Hanks, Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda. The movie of the similar historical events was planned to be filmed in the XX century, however the company MGM had rejected the idea of the film. In the year 1965, the "Cold War" was in full swing. The world has just recovered from the armed conflict in the Bay of Pigs and the Cuban missile crisis, and the MGM decided that then was ...

The Class

The Lady “The Lady” is a historical movie based on a life story of a political icon and a Nobel Price winner Aung San Suu Kyi. It is directed by Luc Besson and won a number of awards since the day of its release in 2011. It is a historical drama that tells a story of a struggle, fight, and love of the woman called the lady or the iron orchid. 1. What key event happened in 1947, as depicted early in the film, and how do you feel this may have affected the young Aung San Suu Kyi’ ...

Abstract

The application of the rule of law as well as driving the use of the law towards the creation of a law abiding society is the limelight towards the creation of a society which does not condone crime and its sycophants. Enforcing law is one of the most effective mechanisms of controlling crime in any area. The use of the police as a law enforcement mechanism encourages peaceful coexistence within the society. The control of crime is usually a major step in discouraging crimes in communities. In the places where there are high cases of criminal cases reported, the ...

Question 1:

Question 2 Question 3. The board never gave a clear justification to fire Pettit and their predicament was based on the oral copulation case that might affect children at the school. The board made the decision on the basis of their conservative values who believed that children were susceptible to such behaviour and it was possible they might pick up on such behaviour from their teacher. The board claimed that Pettit was unfit to teach, but the explanation was unrelated to the profession, rather it was based on her sexual preferences. To justify her termination, the board needed to ...

Introduction

The United States Constitution can be described as the highest law of the land. During court proceedings, the constitution is the supreme law that is applicable in determining the outcome of criminal litigation, but other laws arise from the Amendments to the Constitution. The United States Constitution often guides how the government should function, the jurisdiction of the presidency, American Congress, and the Supreme Court. It is, however, paramount to note that all American states have their own Constitutions that they enact and follow, but the federal constitution is considered the highest law that overrides other state laws in ...

Abstract

Ted Bundy, a known sexual psychopath and serial killer who murdered fourteen women in the 1970s is perhaps one of the best known criminal profiling cases ever known. Profilers proclaimed him to be a middle-aged Caucasian who would only take Caucasian women who were young themselves. He would be charming and calm prior to criminal activity before showing little restraint concerning his rage and sexual activity after secluding them at an undisclosed location. The profile also suggested he had transportation and was intelligent, but insecure. Law enforcement understood they were looking for a man who murdered based on trauma ...

Initial Appearance, Arraignment, Preliminary Hearings, Grand Jury Review

Initial Appearance, Arraignment, Preliminary Hearings, Grand Jury Review After the arrest of an accused individual also referred to as the defendant for the allegations of having committed a crime, the individual is still a suspect at the time of arrest and for the person to be proven guilty or not then the person has to go through certain legal proceedings. Immediately the defendant is arrested by the police he or she has to be booked by the police. This involves taking details of the person’s fingerprints, photographs and finally put into a holding cell where the person remains ...

Introduction: According to the rules of the Memphis, Tennessee Police Department and the law of Tennessee, a police officer can use deadly force in apprehending a fleeing felon after exhausting all reasonable efforts to apprehend him. The police department authorizes a police officer to enforce the shoot-to-kill policy instead of just wounding the felon. Is this act constitutional? The aim of this paper is to explain to the readers why the police officers in the Tennessee v. Garner case violated the Constitution by using deadly force against Garner. Thesis: Are the Memphis police officers liable for using deadly force ...

Inductive Thematic Analysis

Introduction Drug crimes are increasingly becoming a major concern on both local and global fronts. Current research (Braun and Clarke, 2012) suggests that the thematic analysis of important data sources such as sentencing remarks would facilitate the efficacy of available strategies in these crimes. The purpose of this assignment is to analyse the themes that comprise the societal understanding of the occurrence and penalties of drug-related crime. The researcher uses information from seven courtroom sentencing remarks from Adelaide, Southern Australia. This inductive thematic analysis identifies overarching themes that are evident across all seven documents. The themes include “gender and ...

Law enforcement officers may have discretion in specific number of situations depending on local, state or federal laws that govern the extent and scope of application of this discretion. The law allows them freedom to make reasonable decisions as to what needs to be done in the particular situations Some of the main areas where use of discretion may be required include, inter alia, motor vehicle violations, driving under influence, drugs, domestic violence, juveniles and vice crimes. According to Bromitt and Stenning (2011), “discretion is a ubiquitous and legitimate aspect of modern policing” (p. 319). The law enforcement officers ...