Essays on Boldt

Selection from an 8 year-period of pulmonary valve replacement and cross sectional follow up of a commercially available biological valve, assessed with established and a new method

What This Thesis Is About

Pulmonary valve replacement is a procedure necessary in many congenital heart defects and in-valve degeneration cases. Surgical results are excellent, but the longevity of artificial valves is very limited. Our goal was to give a retrospective overview of methods and results from the year 2000 until 2008 at Rikshospital, as well as the prospective five year follow-up of a biological valve made from bovine pericardium. Follow up included clinical examination with ECG, echocardiography, spirometry, treadmill testing, echocardiography ...

It is amazing how diverse the world we live in really is. Everything has so many variations and quirks that it is almost unbelievable that it works together as a whole. One complex system that keeps society together is the legal system. Yet, even the legal systems all over the world vary immensely. In this short essay I would like to highlight some major points of divergence between the German and the US legal systems. In the United States we use the common law system, which originated in England and is customary in Anglo-Saxon countries. It is based on ...

Introduction

In a democracy citizens take for granted many things that legitimate democratic institutions make possible such as the right to vote, being able to check out a federal law book from the library, or being able to run for city council. Discussions about legitimacy in coffee shops or over kitchen tables are mostly about laws or some politician’s social behavior.

The legitimization of coercive power of democratic institutions may be thought of as an academic philosophical concept but its importance in practical, everyday governing cannot be ignored. Democratic institutions are actors in the justification and legitimization of coercive power because ...