Essays on Buttaro

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A 17 years old girl was born on term. At the age of 2 years, the girl went into an unconscious state and admitted to a hospital. Laboratory diagnosis represented severe level of diabetic ketoacidosis (Nagy et al., 2010). Some important signs of diabetic ketoacidosis are abdominal pain, hypotension, rapid shallow breathing, and dehydration (Buttaro, 2013). Blood glucose level of the girl was 37.6 mmol per liter. After thorough diagnosis, type 1A diabetes was found and she was given insulin treatment (Nagy et al., 2010). At the age of 11 years, she became pale and started ...

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A case of 83 years old woman has been presented by Buck & Saver (2007). The woman had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and long-term hypothyroidism. She also faced curative mastectomy for breast cancer. Findings showed that the stroke was probably caused by an artery-to-artery embolus caused by aortic arch atherosclerosis. At the time of stroke, she slumped to the right side, and her speech became nonfluent and slurred. However, language function slowly improved over the next 48 hours (Buck & Saver, 2007). The woman was already receiving a statin and two antihypertensive medications (Buck & Saver, 2007). It ...

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Stroke is caused by a disturbance in the blood circulation to the brain; thereby, resulting in a neurologic deficit. It is among the leading causes of disabilities in the U.S. It can become a significant burden for prolonged care (Buttaro, 2013). Patients experiencing first stroke have significantly increased chances of having a subsequent stroke (Lawrence, Fraser, Woods, & McCall, 2011). It is also among the most important causes of death in the U.S. (Buttaro, 2013). Therefore, it is important to educate patients about the prevention strategies. Among the patient education, two things are important: one is the ...

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An older white woman with osteoporosis had been reported. She was about 52 years old having diffuse bone pain for the past several years after menopause. She also had a history of fractures of wrist and left hip. She reported that increasingly worsening condition of the pain was making it difficult for her to do normal daily activities. She kept her up-to-date about her gynecological exams, and her past mammograms were also normal. She had never smoked or used alcohol. Her family history showed that her mother had a history of osteoporosis, hypertension, and non-insulin dependent ...

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A 71-year old patient was admitted to the hospital. The patient had a history of type-2 diabetes, peripheral vascular insufficiency, and severe kind of chronic kidney disease (i.e. Stage 5) that was occurred due to diabetic nephropathy. In the past 10 months, the patient underwent the process of hemodialysis 3 times per week for 3 hours and 30 minutes every time. The patient was increasingly showing forgetfulness in the past year. In the past 2 weeks, the patient also started showing confusion and having visual hallucinations, and the symptoms of the patient become more persistent in ...

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Chronic pain is a condition of pain caused by an unresolved injury. Usually, a pain is considered chronic, if it persists for more than 3 months. It is not only a symptom of other problems but can be a syndrome having both physical as well as psychological dimensions. In order to evaluate the chronic back pain, detailed history of the patient has to be taken and thorough physical assessment has to be done (Buttaro, 2013).

Evaluation of a patient with back pain

Pain assessment can be done by the use of a mnemonic device, PQRST. P is related to provocative-palliative factors such as ...

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Hypernatremia and hyponatremia Hypernatremia and hyponatremia are among the most common electrolyte disorders in older people. Hypernatremia is caused by an increase in the concentration of the sodium in extracellular serum to more than 145 mEq per L. On the other hand, hyponatremia is caused by a decrease in the concentration of sodium in body, i.e. less than 135 mEq per L. Hyponatremia can be acute or chronic (Buttaro, 2013). Both hypernatremia and hyponatremia are commonly found clinical problems in critically ill patients. They are often asymptomatic, but in some patients their symptoms appear that can ...

Application– Chronic Kidney Disease

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Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease is related to a decrease in kidney function or damage to the kidney function for a minimum of 3 months. Actually, it is an ongoing process in which nephrons’ functioning decrease, glomeruli are destroyed, and glomerular stress is increased as a result of more work by surviving glomeruli to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR); thereby, resulting in predictable steady decline of the function of kidneys (Buttaro, 2013). Chronic kidney disease is usually difficult to detect or grasp, and symptoms may not appear with a GFR more than 35%. However, when ...

Care Plan

Subjective The patient presents at the clinic complaining of nocturia, decreased urinary flow, decreased flow as well as terminal dysuria. TG states that the symptoms have been persistent for the last two years but the last two weeks have seen a significant increase in intensity of the symptoms. TG denies any case or instance of radiated pain within the period of two weeks,

Objective:

60 year old, Hispanic male

Vital signs: BP at 140/92;

Pulse rate: 80; Temperature: 99.0 Weight = 200 pounds; height = 71”, BMI = 27.9

Patient Hx for hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, costochondritis, suspected angina, possible family history of heart disease in the family

Patient denies any use of alcohol, tobacco, or drug abuse Current medication list: Cardizem 240mg QD and Zocor 20mg ...

In this case, the diagnosis process was totally wring due to the general assumption made by the care provider and the primary care doctor that the patient being an athlete could not in any way have such a serious problem as a clot. The diagnosis was made from an assumption-based view and there was no effort whatsoever to link the illness presented or the symptoms to the patient’s history to order any forms of diagnostic tests. In most cases, care providers do assume that athletes such as this patient regarded as an avid runner are less likely to ...