Essays on Cardiology

Introduction. 2

Strategic Plan3 Program Description.5 Leadership Challenges..6 Ethical Implications..7

Engaging communities and building constituencies.7

Budgeting, financing, and human resources.8 Performance management & Health Informatics..9

Appendix 1 SWOT Analysis10

Appendix 2 SMART Objectives..11 Appendix 3 Budget..13 References15 Introduction In the past decade, chronic lifestyle diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart/cardiovascular disease and stroke have increased exponentially in the state of Minnesota. Sedentary lifestyle and poor diet has led to an increase in obesity which in turn has led to an increase in heart disease and stroke. Most adults in Minnesota have poor lifestyle which has increased their risk to heart disease and stroke. As per the Minnesota department of health, ...

Objective Data

Physical assessment procedures on the patient can help to identify some findings that can form a vital part of the pain diagnosis and influence treatment regimens. The following are some of the key inspections features that a health practitioner can seek out when assessing the patient according to “Chapter 8. Pain Assessment”;

Posture

The patient’s posture gives an insight into the effects of the pain on the physical aspects of the patient. An upright posture may indicate comfort while a slumped posture might indicate discomfort.

Facial Expression

A smiley face with appropriate facial expressions and proper eye contact would indicate that ...

It is not a secret that our set of mind and character traits directly influence the state of our health. Jokela et al. study the connection between the Big Five personality traits that include extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, openness to experience, and conscientiousness and coronary heart disease and heart stroke mortality (Jokela et al., 2014, p. 882). According to the authors, the higher risk of mortality from coronary heart disease is associated with lower conscientiousness, lower agreeableness, lower extraversion, higher neuroticism, and lower openness to experience; at the same time, the higher risk of stroke mortality is associated with lower ...

[Class Title]

Introduction It is a common knowledge that exercise is good for the health. However, only a people few exercises regularly. The National Center for Health Statistics in the United States, for instance, reports that barely half or only 49% of the adult population meets the standard guidelines for aerobic exercise while only 20.9% are meeting the guidelines for aerobic and muscle strengthening exercise (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). With almost 80% of adults not getting the recommended exercise, health experts are becoming increasingly worried about its impact to the health and well-being of individuals and society ...

Obesity is a health disorder that entails the buildup of excess body fat. The extra fat affects the health of the individual in a negative way to the extent of developing other diseases such as hypertension, type two diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The rate of obesity is quite high in Kansas City, which ranked the twelfth position in 2015 with the prevalence of the disease increasing from the previous year. Primarily, the rate of prevalence of the disease is 34.2 percent, which is an increase from 19.1 percent in the year 2000(Hack, 2015). Kansas City was ranked the ...

Identify 3 Social Determinants of Health in Community

Unemployment, lack of access to affordable healthcare, and lack of proper nutrition and fitness among children and young adults are 3 major social health determinants in the city of Hialeah. The rate of unemployment is 7% which is significantly higher compared to the state average of 5.6% (City of Hialeah 2017). Unemployment leads to various health disparities and social insecurity such as poor nutrition, lack of education, and access to basic healthcare services (Hialeah Healthy Families 2011). Most of the adults in Hialeah have poor education which prevents them from understanding the need to access or use preventative healthcare ...

Pathophysiology of Rheumatic Fever

Introduction Rheumatic Fever (RF) is the type of inflammatory disease that can develop due to untreated or inadequately treated throat infection (scarlet fever or strep throat) caused by a type of bacteria known as streptococcus (Carapetis, McDonald & Wilson, 2005). This paper is going to cover pathophysiology of the Rheumatic Fever. It will begin with the symptoms associated with RF. A description of mechanisms or processes that take place in a person infected with RF will be described. This will be followed by a discussion of the causes of RF. There is a section dedicated to the pathophysiology of RF ...

An eco map, also referred to as an eco graph, is a diagrammatic representation of an individual’s personal and social relationships with his/her environment (Bennett, 2011). The eco map was developed by Dr. Ann Hartman in 1975, and it documents the interaction of people, their families, and the external environment. An eco map enables one to not only see the connection, but to also visualize the quality of the interaction between people and their environments. Words such as “positive and nurturing” and “negative and wrought with stress” are used to describe the relationships between families and their external ...

As it is widely known, health is not just about an absence of illness, but an overall physical wellbeing, as well as mental and spiritual health. To stay healthy and effectively prevent illnesses, an individual shall regularly undertake comprehensive assessments of his/her health. Apart from visiting a doctor, it is also crucial that he/she is able to assess his/her wellness himself or herself and conclude whether there is a need to take action. Reflecting on the results of my most recent health assessment, I can claim that I have a good overall wellbeing. I do not feel any specific ...

A total of 57 million deaths were reported worldwide in 2008, and the majority of those deaths were caused by either non-cardiovascular diseases (36 million; 63%) or cardiovascular diseases (17.3 million; 30%) according to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2011). The highest mortality rates are associated with ischemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, which account for 45% and 29% of the cardiovascular-related deaths in men and 37% and 33% of cardiovascular-related deaths in women, respectively (see Figure 1). Ischemic heart disease is considered the most common cardiovascular cause of death as it accounts for 7.6 million deaths worldwide (Institute ...

The Most Appropriate Way to Evaluate the Five Year Strategic Plan that has been in place for the Last One Year Implementing a five-year strategic plan to ensure that it is executed in the stipulated period of time requires an elaborate evaluation method. The most appropriate method of evaluating the plan is an outcome based and a process based method. The proposed methods are effective for firms, which intend to show the effectiveness of their program (Pantoja et al. 2014). The outcome measurement method will help the hospital measure the quantitative and qualitative differences between the programs (Lamont et ...

One of the best ways to know whether a certain food is high or low in a particular nutrient is to make the best use of Daily Value. Low does not necessary imply bad while high does not necessarily imply good. That is why it is important to know which nutrients are needed most and which nutrients are least needed in a particular serving. 5 and 20 Rule has been found to be the best rule of thumb (Abrams and Hawthorne, 2012). The terms “low” and “high” in the context of nutrients need to be well understood. The Daily ...

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury is an acquired injury to the brain that results from an external blunt or penetrating force to the head while; intentional hypoxia is the loss of oxygen supply to the brain which leads to a continuum of injury severity. A review of current literature on this topic suggests that comparisons can be readily drawn between traumatic brain injury and hypoxic brain injury in a rehabilitation setting. Even so, diagnosis of hypoxic brain injury and traumatic brain injury is essential in providing guidance on decisions of treatment. Treating intentional hypoxia, however, involves an establishment of the desired ...

Effect heat has on nociceptors

Nociceptors are pain receptors activated by neuropathic or nociceptive stimuli released during pain towards impending or actual tissue injury (Dubin, 2010). Nociceptors frequently are related to the perception of pain are evoked when the pressure and temperature are at a level considered extreme that can cause injuries to tissues and secondly by toxic molecule and inflammatory mediators. In most instances, these injuries concentrate on one section of the skin, blocking the flow of blood. Heat or cold assists in subsecond somatopic withdrawal response the two act as stimuli to depolarize outer terminals resulting in the production of the receptor ...

Effectiveness of the Management

Ineffective Practices The organization is reliant on debt to finance its operations- overreliance on debt financing could cause challenges for the organization such as stifle growth and limit future cash flow. Since most of the operations are financed by debt in cases of failure to pay the debtors the organization is exposed to property repossession which could have a devastating effect on patient outcome. EMR system- there was lack of proper integration of the EMR system. Some of the inpatient notes were not included in the EMR system and a separate system was used to enter physician orders (Porter, ...

CHAPTER FOUR

Introduction This study will mainly focus on the ways that can be proposed so as to make the medical care provision of Russia be improved. The results that will be achieved from this research work will immensely contribute to the improved and much efficient health care provision in Russia.

Findings

Notably, the research methodology employed a mixture of both qualitative and quantitative analysis. We shall therefore look at the various prospects of Russian healthcare business in the global international healthcare market. Some of the most visible prospects and fragments that are the backbone of the healthcare sector include demographic issues, ...

‘Author’s name’

‘Institution’ The World Health Organization (WHO) defines diabetes as a serious and chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Diabetes is considered to be a major public health problem as its prevalence steadily increases over the past few decades. This disease can result to several complications affecting different parts of the body, which can consequently result to an increased risk for premature death. Among the possible complications of diabetes are vision loss and kidney failure. (World Health Organization, 2016) Ophthalmic complications are ...

Q1 For the purpose of the paper five additive found in food were chosen. The chosen food additives belong to different types of additives. First picked was corn syrup, which was chosen since it is usually the additive added in soft drinks, which are being consumed in large quantities especially in the United States. The additive belongs to the group of sweeteners. It can be found in processed food, sweets, non-diet drinks, cereals, breads, pastries, candies, cookies, cakes, syrups, crackers, fruits, vegetables, ice creams, meat, salad dressings, sauces, snacks, and soups. The high-fructose corn syrup has been correlated with ...

Main Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease

According to the World Heart Federation (WHF, 2016), the majority of cardiovascular disease (CVD)’s etiology stems from risk factors that can easily be controlled or managed or modified although a few other risk factors cannot be controlled. For that matter, the risk factors can be grouped into two broader categories (I) modifiable factors and (II) non-modifiable factors. For the modifiable factors, they include hypertension, cholesterol, unhealthy diets, obesity and overweight, physical inactivity, and the use of tobacco (WHF, 2016). On the other hand, the non-modifiable factors include age; the risk of CVD increases with age because as a ...

Introduction

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) involves peripheral circulation, the brain, and the heart. The disease is a primary health issue in many countries around the world (Sawhney, et al., 2012). CVD develops through complex processes involving novel risk markers and common risk factors. Decades of research have demonstrated that a sibling’s or parent’s family history is linked to the development of atherosclerotic CVD (Gupta et al., 2013; Nelson, 2013; Imes and Lewis, 2014), which manifests as peripheral arterial disorder, stroke, and coronary heart disorder (CHD). Various Mendelian disorders have also been shown to contribute to atherosclerotic CVD. Although ...

Question 1

Maria is an at-risk individual of developing lifestyle illnesses associated with weight gains, such as diabetes and even cardiovascular illnesses. For this reason, a comprehensive analysis of her lifestyle is essential. In this case, it is imperative to gather additional information aside from that provided. For instance, one should enquire whether she has developed any meal plans and what they consist of. In addition, according to Healthy People 2020 (2017), one should also enquire about her medical status and her hospital visits. This will assist in determining whether Maria has received any medical advice regarding her lifestyle and the ...

Application– Chronic Kidney Disease

(Author, Department, University,

Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease is related to a decrease in kidney function or damage to the kidney function for a minimum of 3 months. Actually, it is an ongoing process in which nephrons’ functioning decrease, glomeruli are destroyed, and glomerular stress is increased as a result of more work by surviving glomeruli to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR); thereby, resulting in predictable steady decline of the function of kidneys (Buttaro, 2013). Chronic kidney disease is usually difficult to detect or grasp, and symptoms may not appear with a GFR more than 35%. However, when ...

Childhood obesity is a huge problem nationally because the number of obese and overweight kids is alarming and there are signs that it is increasing instead of decreasing (CDC, 2016). First, it is paramount to define this problem. Childhood obesity, according to (CDC, 2016), denotes the condition in which children and adolescents have a weight that is higher than the normal weight that is clinically defined as healthy at their age. Consequently, the children develop overweight-associated problems that initially were thought to affect only the adults. It is important to note that childhood obesity has both immediate and long-term ...

Heart disease, otherwise known as coronary artery disease, is a name given to a side array of conditions that impact the heart. These disease include arrhythmias, congenital heart defects, and. At times, heart disease has been called cardiovascular disease as if the two refer to the same issue. While they both involved the heart and human body, they are not the same. Heart disease refers to the aforementioned issues, among others, while cardiovascular disease refers to blocked, clogged, or narrowing blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease can often lead to an angina, a heart attack, general chest pain, or even a ...

The human body is wired to function normally by maintaining a certain optimum functional state. Homeostatic mechanisms ensure that the body remains viably stable by maintaining the internal atmosphere within the functional limits. Alteration of the cells functionality brings about an unusual state in the body system. Interruption of homoeostasis causes the body to respond by correcting the state in a bid to restore the normal functionality. Lifestyle decisions such as nutrition and physical exercises directly affect homoeostasis which in most cases leads to a state of disease such as anaemia. Nutrition is a major factor that affects the ...

Introduction

Health policy can be defined as a plan or decision combined with actions to achieve specific healthcare goals by implementing key strategies within the society (WHO, 2016). As per the World Health Organization (WHO), an explicit health policy is known to be associated with several success factors such as development of a vision for the future and establishment of key targets for the short and long-term. Health policies enable organizations, institutes, societies, and groups to define outline, propose new goals, and inculcate different roles across various healthcare sectors (Záliš, et al. 2016). Healthcare policies are known to unite ...

The Problems of Physiotherapy

Abstract Keywords: exercise, nutrition, physiotherapy, obesity, diet. This paper will look at the effects that a lack of adequate exercise and nutrition is having on our population from the point of view of a physiotherapist. While physiotherapy is a normal part of many patients’ rehabilitation and recovery, the general lack of both exercise and healthy diet which has become a feature of many societies in developed countries has led to a situation where a stable loop is formed: people injure themselves due to a lack of exercise putting undue strain on their joints, physiotherapy is prescribed, and healing is ...

For this assignment, I took the time to observe the built environment in my neighborhood. In my area, I noted that we have some fast food restaurants. The neighborhood also has some parks. However, I realized that not many people make use of the parks. Moreover, within the park, there is no kids’ stuff. The area also has groceries and sidewalks where pedestrians can walk and cycle as well. Moreover, the neighborhood also has public transport system. Such elements help to make up the built environment in my neighborhood. All these aspects of built environment in my checklist impact ...

Chapter One: Introduction to Pre-Eclampsia Study

Chapter One: Introduction to Pre-Eclampsia Study As one of the leading global causes of maternal mortality, pre-eclampsia and related conditions have a remarkably wide impact (Sibai, Dekker & Kupferminc, 2005; Ghulmiyyah & Sibai, 2012). Diseases like pre-eclampsia can strike women of any age and with any socioeconomic background. The issues associated with pre-eclampsia are global, but there are certain populations that are more heavily impacted than others—and these populations are the ones that require investigation (Sibai, Dekker & Kupferminc, 2005). Pre-eclampsia is a condition that is associated with high maternal blood pressure and protein in maternal urine, but it is a ...

The human body and the way in which it operates is a wonder in itself, but there are many more wondrous systems which keep this body going in the way that it does. One such system is the circulatory system which is exclusively responsible for the distribution of blood towards all of the organs scattered within the body. There are many organs and a scattered network of blood vessels which all come together to get this system up and running, and any hitch in any one of these individual blood carriers could become tedious and sometimes even chronic for ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Question 1: Pathophysiology of Mr. Jensen’s post-operative hypovolemia

Hypovolemia is a surgical condition that indicates the rapid fluid loss that may result in organ failures. The outcomes of the hypovolemia are mostly due to insufficient circulating volume or scarce perfusion. Often hypovolemia is secondary to hemorrhage the reason of which includes severe internal or external blood loss and GI, thoracic and abdominal bleeding maladies (Devitt, 2001). Hypovolemia involves significant fluid loss other than blood that can be further accompanied by refractory gastroenteritis and widespread burns. Hypovolemia may develop in post-surgical incidence, bone fracture, due to ...

Peripheral vascular disease is a term to describe the phenomenon of narrowed veins or arteries outside of those that supply the heart, brain, or lungs (Gardner, 2012). The most common form of peripheral vascular disease occurs in the legs and feet, and can be a side-effect of diabetes. The main symptoms of peripheral vascular disease are blue skin, the development of skin ulcers, cold skin, and poor growth of hair and nails in the affected area (Gardner, 2012). Although peripheral vascular disease is treatable, particularly if caught early, complications include infections and tissue death that can require amputation (Lockhart ...

Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is the most encountered cardiac rhythm disorder in clinical practice. It affects <1% of persons aged <60 years. This prevalence increases to 10% in persons aged >80 years (Amerena, Walters, Mirzaee and Kalman, 2013). Atrial fibrillation is a key differential diagnosis in patients presenting with chest pain, palpitations, shortness of breath, light-headedness, and syncope (Cruickshank, 2008). This paper will examine the differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, and paramedic implications of atrial fibrillation in relation to the case of a 43-year old male who presents with features and ECG findings of atrial fibrillation. It will first examine ...

Abstract

A complete and thorough health assessment can help in the correct diagnosis (Dingman, 1941). According to a famous saying “A case well taken is half solved”. A well taken case should include complete description of the patient’s mental, physical and social well being. Mere jotting down of physical signs and symptoms may not give the true picture of a disease. As every patient is a different individual, thorough case taking is required in order to establish the individuality of the patient. Many features of the patients may have a role to play in his or her health, therefore, ...

It is apparent that the 50-year-old male faces an imminent risk of cardiac complications due to the existing risk factors. Among the factors that could potentially form the pathophysiological basis of cardiac problems include; hypertension, obesity (BMI-33), smoking and varicose veins. These are the factors that require to be modified in order to save the patient from the cardiac risk zone. Largely, these factors can be modified through making behavioral and lifestyle changes. While all the above outlined factors present risk for developing cardiovascular problems, the magnitude of the risk posed by each of them varies. In this scenario, ...

Cardiovascular system

The cardiovascular system is also known as the circulatory system, and it is the body’s transportation system that comprises the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The system does the work of transporting oxygen, hormones, cellular waste products and nutrients to all the parts of the body. The use of blood transports all the products, and it is approximated that the body of an adult makes use of five liters of blood to transport the products from one part to the other. Blood is pumped from the heart through the arteries then gets into body tissues through capillaries (Inner ...

The trend of electronic cigarette usage among adolescent has increased in the recent era that contains nicotine and other tobacco products. The health care providers and pediatric nurses should be aware of the popularity and safety concern of the cigarette. They deliver the sufficient information to the patient and their family about the possible negative health effects of electronic cigarette.

Education about electronic cigarette

There are limited researches about negative health effects of e-cigarettes in the adolescent. From the evidences, it is found that the registered nurses have provided insufficient education about risks and undesirable effects of the cigarette. They have less education ...

Abstract

Introduction Transitioning from a life at home with parents and the teachers as in charge into a college life where the student finds independence of every choice possible, problems like risky behaviors and irregular sleep patterns are nothing out of the ordinary. This new-found freedom is in most cases seen to be unfavorable for the college student because 70 to 96 percent of the student in college get less than 8 hours of sleep per day. This is not a blanket rate which applies to the student of every major from each and every department; rather there are students ...

{Author Name [first-name middle-name-initials last-name]} {Institution Affiliation [name of Author’s institute]}

Health History and Physical Examination

A 50 years old American Male comes to the hospital with angina-like symptoms. Subjective Data Demographic data: There exists a risk of cardiovascular ailments or malfunctioning. The patient is an IT professional with long sitting schedules.

Reason for care: The patient was admitted to the emergency ward due to the severity of the pain 6 days back.

Present illness: Currently facing chest congestion with breath shortness and exertion, with heavy perspiration, recommended cardiac catheterization. Perception of health: Patient is an educated, independent and sincere individual who thinks that he is healthy and with several precautions he will overcome the current situation. He is little worried about his excessive ...

Abstract

Heart failure (2.6% prevalent worldwide) is a complex clinical syndrome, resulting from a structural or functional cardiac disorder and impairing ventricular filling or ejection capability. The current case of a 59-year-old male patient admitted on August 18, 2016 due to worsening shortness of breath and bilateral left extremity edema (one week) involved an existing diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). Physical and clinical profiles indicate a comorbidity between heart failure (HF) and DM2. Laboratory and imaging findings were not indicated, while diagnosis was based on the NYHA Classification guidelines. A review of literature revealed three crucial weaknesses in the diagnosis. ...

The team of specialists provided a research on the role of Gleevec in the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study was published in the journal Diabetes in 2016 and presents a new intervention for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults and children. The main problem is that obesity is widespread nowadays, it results in diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. The key idea is that Gleevec can be a novel therapeutic agent for use in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes only if its potential adverse effects will be removed (Choi 2016). However, ...

Introduction

Tobacco smoking is considered to be a major health issues around the globe and is also claimed to be the most preventable cause of death in current time (Borgan, et al. 2014). Tobacco smoking is associated with 6 million deaths per year around the globe and is considered as one of the biggest public health issues by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Behbehani, et al. 2014). Based on current evidence and a report published by the WHO, 5 out of 6 million deaths are associated with direct tobacco smoking while nearly 600,000 deaths are due to non-smokers exposed ...

Summarize the role of each of the 12 human body systems.

Skeletal System: The role of the skeletal system is to provide a framework to give support and act as a defense for the soft tissues within the human body.

Muscular System: The role of the muscular system is to be accountable for all movement within the human body.

Cardiovascular System: The role of the cardiovascular system is to be accountable for the movement of nutrients, oxygen, hormones, and cellular waste products all over different parts of the body. Digestive System: The role of the digestive system is to transform food into energy and basic vitamins to nourish the whole human body. Endocrine System: The role of the endocrine system is to regulate the activities of all of the ...

Abstract

There are limited or no effective interventions for recurrence of coronary heart diseases among the patients who smoke. Smoking cessation interventions has been suggested to have little benefit; however, there is little evidence on its cost- effectiveness and efficacy of such programs for cardiac inpatients. This study describes the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of intensive smoking cessation methods for cardiac patients admitted in the hospital cardiac unit. The experimental design assesses the efficacy and cost- effectiveness of the intervention that includes face- to- face counselling in combination with the nicotine replacement therapy using 8 cardiac wards of hospitals in ...

Diabetes mellitus is said to be one of the most medical conditions in many places around the world, affecting around 347 million adults in the year 2013 alone (Pal et al., 2013, p.2). Out of this number, as much as 90 percent of them have type 2 diabetes, which is a complex medical condition, as it can lead to heart attacks and heart strokes (Pal et al., 2013, p.2). In the year 2010 however, almost half of those who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus are within the 20-60 age group that has a 2-to-4-fold increased risk of having cardiovascular ...

It is essential to create a health maintenance and screening plan that is designed to prevent potential health problems, and to identify complications as they develop. The U.S. Preventive Services Taskforce offers detailed recommendations for individuals of different age, gender, and health classes, in order to guide them to make the best medical decisions possible. The following is a health maintenance and screening plan, designed for a 57 year old male. When creating the health maintenance plan, it is important to consider the individuals unique health situation, including risk factors, age, weight, and a variety of other sets of ...

Appropriate clinical reasoning ensures that the patient receives the right intervention at the right time and for the correct reasons (Rossiter, 2013). In addition, the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) guarantees that the chosen intervention is right in terms of effectiveness supported by research findings. The clinical reasoning cycle (Levett-Jones, 2012) is a useful framework to guide the clinical reasoning process. The purpose of this essay is to apply this framework in the planning of nursing care to address dyspnea in Mr. Thompson, a 70-year-old gentleman admitted to the coronary ward with congestive heart failure (CHF). This essay will ...

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

CVD includes all ailments of the heart and circulatory system, including angina and heart attack. Other CVD diseases include carditis, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disorder. Edmunds (2014), states that CVD develops when there is plaque build-up on vessel walls. The mechanism of CVD differs significantly depending on the disease involved. For instance, coronary artery ailment includes atherosclerosis, and may occur due to hypertension, smoking, overweight, high-fat diet or diabetes. Despite the high deaths caused by CVD, it is approximated that 90 percent of CVDs are preventable (McGill, McMahan, and Gidding, 2008). Atherosclerosis can be decreased by controlling the risk ...

Tele-Medicine in a Satellite Facility

Telemedicine is an old concept but new technology that enables a healthcare provider at one location to provide basic healthcare services such as diagnosis, intra-operative assistance, and medical consultation to patients, physicians or paramedical staff in a satellite or remote facility. Most researchers and scientist believe that there is no substitute for patient-doctor face to face interaction; however, telemedicine could be used to manage a few medical cases efficiently and remotely. In first prototype of telemedicine was introduced in the 1980’s in the form of slow-scan images, facsimile machine or telephone (Hsieh, & Hsu, 2012).The mode of communications ...

Novel drug sourced from snake venom

Abstract The cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have continued to be some of the leading death causes across the globe. In the recent times, the field of medicine has received substantial advancements, particularly in the areas of pharmacological treatment and the prevention of the disorders such as the plasminogen activators, platelets GPIIb/IIIa antagonists and the direct thrombin inhibitors. The development of the novel drug, the tirofiban sourced from the Echis carinatus venom been highly reported to be of great importance. Tirofiban, an anticoagulant factors isolated from Echis carinatus has a variety of immune responses that includes both acute inflammatory responses ...

Insomnia

Introduction Insomnia is the condition in which sleep disorder takes place and reduces the tendency to fall sleep. It also effects the duration that an individual is required to stay asleep in order to stay healthy. This condition occurs due to the daytime sleepiness, anxiety and depressed mood. However, scholars have also argued that the frequency of inadequate lifestyle can be a cause of the increasing rate of insomnia. It is observed that the occurrence of insomnia can range from short-term, long-term and periodic basis, and can result in life threatening situations if it is left untreated (Bonnet & Arand, ...

Problem statement for research purpose: Hypertension can be a cause as well as a consequence of chronic kidney disease (CRD). A number of clinical studies have identified the harmful effects of uncontrolled hypertension on the kidney function (Kokubo, 2012; Berlowitz, 2016)). According to NIH statistics, 23.3% individuals without CKD had hypertension in a representative sample. On the other hand, 35.8% of individuals in stage 1, 48.1% in stage 2, 59.9% of stage 3 and 84.1% in stage 4-5 CKD had hypertension (National Institutes of Health, 2010). In stage 4 CKD, the glomerular filtration is the lowest at <15 ...

Introduction

Nutritional needs changes throughout a person’s life that if not properly assessed may lead to malnutrition. Malnutrition is the state of the body lacking important nutrients or having excess or imbalance of energy. According to studies, 16% of people over 65 years and 2% of people over 85 years are malnourished. Studies also show that approximately two-thirds of people occupying hospital beds are above the age of 65 years (Ahmed & Haboubi, 2010). Malnutrition is associated with a number of health outcomes such as poor wound healing, slow recovery from surgery, higher hospital readmissions, and deaths. Malnutrition is high ...

Introduction

Osteoarthritis of the knee also known as the degenerative arthritis is a major and growing problem for the elder population all over the globe. Approximately, 27 million individuals have been reported to suffer from osteoarthritis by the Arthritis Foundation in United States (US). Women have been more commonly reported to suffer from osteoarthritis as compared to men. The prevalence of developing arthritis has been found to increase after the age of 45 . Although, mostly elderly population are most affected yet there are few evidences of young people suffering from it. Osteoarthritis is also commonly defined as wear- and- tear ...

Framingham Heart Study

The Framingham Heart Study was first conducted in 1948 in the small town of Framingham, Massachusetts under the direction of the National Heart Institute. The objective of the study was to identify the common factors that contributed to cardiovascular. The disease at the time was the leading cause of death and serious illness in the United States yet little was known about it. Researchers recruited 5,209 men and women residents of the town between the ages of 30 and 62 years and began a detailed physical examination and lifestyle interviews (World Health Organization, 2007). The participants in the ...

Yoga, A holistic approach to chronic health condition: A review of literature

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of leading causes of mortality and morbidity around the globe with its clinical presence affecting the economics of most developed nations. Hypertension, chronic low back pain, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and depression are all lifestyle related health conditions which can be easily prevented. Based on current evidence, chronic psychological stress is associated with glucose intolerance, hypertension, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidaemia which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (Bali. 2013). Based on recent evaluation on complimentary and alternate treatments that are associated with the psychosocial factors of chronic disease such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. ...

Over the past several years, stimulant drinks have become very popular. Going by the names of Red Bull, Monster, Rockstar, Nos, and Amp, these drinks offer a quick “pick-me-up” for people who want an extra jolt of energy during their busy days. But, are these drinks safe, and should they be regulated by the FDA? Based upon the evidence, these caffeine and sugar-laden beverages need to come under closer scrutiny of US governmental agencies, such as the FDA. Modern stimulant drinks have been around for many years. Originating in Japan in the 1950s, the first “energy drinks” contained amphetamines, ...

The telehealth platform is already expanding across the world and has begun to influence the traditional in-person care available in multispecialty hospitals. In light of having various state-of-the-art facilities, our organization has got huge potential for launching telehealth services in the immediate future. Based on my research and discussion with a senior clinician in our hospital about the opportunities in store for our organization in the field of telehealth, I foresee a lot of benefits. Some of the salient advantages are listed below: Telehealth services allow rural patients populated in remote clusters to avail health services from consultants without ...

Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death in developed and industrialised nations owing to sedentary and unhealthy lifestyle. Diabetes accounts for over 5 million deaths around the globe annually (Bhutani & Bhutani S. 2014). Diabetes can be controlled and complications arising due to diabetes can be prevented or controlled; however, due to the lack of awareness and education, most people suffer from chronic complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and hypertension. Based on current evidence, early detection and control is a recommended intervention in reducing the morbidity and mortality of the disease. There has been significant advancements in ...

The cardiovascular system consists of blood, the heart, and the circulatory system, which includes veins, arteries, and capillaries. The function of these organs is to transport oxygen from the lungs to cells throughout the body. Each organ system in the body is essential in providing homeostasis in the human body. However, the actions of the cardiovascular system are critical to human life. Many physicians, scientists, and other professionals dedicate their life to the understanding of the cardiovascular system and its diseases so that people can live longer and more productive lives. This paper will discuss the general anatomy of ...