Essays on Cell Wall

There are six stages in the life cycle of a mitotic cell which include interphase and cytokinesis. The mitosis stage is divided into four other sub stages. Mr. Interphase performs various functions such as the cellular respiration, photosynthesis and protein synthesis in preparation to undergo the Mitosis stage. Mr. Mitosis has four witnesses, Prophase who helped nuclear membrane disappear into the genetic material. The other witness, Metaphase, makes the alignment of the chromosomes. Anaphase helps in centralizing the chromosomes and changing them from being x-shaped (Rieder, 17). The last witness created the new component of nuclei with their new ...

Question 1

Angiosperms can be dioecious or monoecious and they go through sexual production (Raghavan, 1999). Angiosperm flowers are considered to be hermaphroditic or androgynous because the same flower contains both female and male gametophytes. However, angiosperm flowers with only female gametophytes are incomplete and considered to be either a carpellate flower containing only female parts or a staminate flower containing only male structures. The male reproductive structure of the angiosperms is known as andoecium. The anthers that are found in the stamens of the angiosperms contain pollen sacks, which have the microsporocytes. The cells go through a process known as ...

A General Outlook on Meiosis and Mitosis Processes

Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis. Think phases, starting and ending products, chromosome numbers, the purpose of each, and the cell types that complete each type of division. Be sure to do a DIRECT compare and contrast, and write in paragraph form - Mitosis involves one cellular division resulting in identical daughter cells while meiosis involves two cellular divisions resulting in different daughter cells. Meiosis produces four haploid cells while mitosis produces two diploid cells- this ensures genetic diversity by sexual reproduction in meiosis and cellular reproduction and production of general growth products in mitosis. The chromosome number also ...

Abstract

This examination paper acknowledges the spectacular diversity of reproductive adaptations for survival of various categories of land plants. It describes a typical life cycle of a land plant that reproduces via spores. It also identifies the different parts of Plant organs and their functions such as cell organelles, parts of a land plant, and epidermal cells. A microscope is an important tool for examination of biological specimens, including cell’s internal structures called organelle and is important in magnifying the focused area. Plants are classified into four main groups, namely, ferns, mosses, flowering and confers. This paper finds that ...

Compare and contrast the structure and function of the three simple tissue types: parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.

Parenchyma cells refer to plant cells in the leaf that are usually alive at maturity. They have cell walls that are thin and flexible. They generally have a central vacuole that is large. They have a polyhedral arrangement. They are involved in carrying out photosynthesis, storage functions, and other metabolic functions. Most of these cells have the potential to undergo differentiation generating other cell types in certain conditions. For instance, when the plant is injured and there is a need for repairing and replacing organs. Their large central vacuoles enable them to store water, regulate intake of ions and ...

Where are apical and lateral meristems found and how are they arranged in the root and stem? What role or function does the meristem tissue play in plants? Apical meristems are found at the tips of growing roots and shoots and form the tissue from which the main plant stem arises. Apical meristems are small compared to lateral meristems and are responsible for the primary growth of stems and roots, subsequently increasing the length and height of the plant. They are dome shaped and have a layered structure known as tunica and corpus. The tunica is made up of ...

Assignment 2

PART A - (Total 15 marks)

Cephalexin and Gentamicin The mechanism of action of amoxicillin is focused on the prevention of the synthesis of the bacteria’s cell wall through the binding and inhibiting of the cell wall transpeptidases (Katzung, Masters, and Trevor, 2012). Specifically, it attaches to the penicillin-binding protein 1A found in the cell wall of bacteria. Then, the agent disintegrates the lactam ring to allow the acylation of the penicillin-sensitive transpeptidase C-terminal domain. The formation of the cross-link of the linear peptidoglycan strands is prevented by the inactivation of transpeptidases. Since the third and last stage ...

Panther I.D.:

“The expression of ampicillin resistance and luciferase enzyme genes by E. coli transformation using the pUC18 and lux plasmids” Abstract The transformation process allows the uptake of DNA from the environment, with the incorporation and expression of genes. During this process, changes in the DNA of the receptor cell occur, producing some selective advantages in some cases, such as resistance to antibiotics. pUC18 and lux plasmids were used to determine the transformation process in Escherichia coli. Cells were made competent by the addition of calcium chloride and heat shock in order to induce the incorporation of the ...

Introduction

Osmosis is the process by which water molecules move from a region of low concentration of solute to a region of high concentration of solute through a semipermeable membrane (Van 3). Osmosis therefore can define the movement of water in and out of the cytoplasm of a cell. A solution with a higher concentration of solute molecules than that of the cell cytoplasm is said to be hypertonic to the cell. On the other hand, a solution with a lower concentration of solute than that of the cell cytoplasm is said to be hypotonic to the cell. Purpose: The ...

Virulence and Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention

InstitutionVirulence and Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention of Opportunistic Bacterial Infections We live in a day that was much like 100 years ago, before antibiotics existed at all. The reason for this is that almost as soon as a new antibiotic is introduced, bacteria develop resistance to it. In 2008, a type of bacteria was found in China that has 45 specific genes meant solely to confer resistance to antibiotics just in its plasmid. Plasmid is a cellular material generated by bacterial colonies that are hard to penetrate with antibiotics, even without resistance genes (Lutz, 2016). As the search for ...

Chapter 9

Question 1

Binary mission in prokaryotes Mitosis and Meiosis in eukaryotes Question 2 The development of embryos as well as the growth and development of bodies. Important in asexual reproduction. Question 3 The term cell cycle refers to an ordered set of events leading to cell growth and division into two daughter cells.

Question 4

Interphase is a phase of the cell cycle characterized by the absence of cell division. During this phase, the cell obtain nutrients, the organelles duplicates, protein synthesis takes place, and cells duplicate its genetic material (its chromatids). The genetic material is located in the nuclei of ...